On the surface level it seems that the novel The Ghosts of V asu Master written by Githa Hariharan is about the teacher , V asu Master and his pupil, Mani. The novel contains some special aspects of experimental technique. It is the second novel by Githa Hariharan, the winner of Commonwealth W riters Prize for her best first novel-The Thousand Faces of Night. V asu Master has recently retired from P .G. Boys' school, Elipettai. He was the teacher of English Language and Literature for nearly forty years. The very beginning of the novel can be considered as experimental beginning. Normally the traditional novel begins with the birth or beginning of a profession. However this novel starts with ending of profession, that is the retirement of V asu Master . After working for forty years as a teacher , he retires but without sense of fulfillment. And he wakes up to find himself dead. As Franz Kafka says

n f l u e n c e o f S o d i u m C h l o r i d e ( N a C l ) a n d M a g n e s i u m S u l p h a t e ( M g S O 4 ) o n A z o t o b a c t e r chroococcum were measured at various concentration in basal medium. Sodium chloride ranging from 0.2 gl-1 to 2gl- 1 and Magnesium Sulphate from 0.1gl-1 to 1.9gl-1. The magnitude of salt (NaCl) showed maximum at 1.1gl-1 and Magnesium sulphate was at 0.3gl-1. Key W ords : Sodium chloride (NaCl) Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4), Azotobacter chroococcum

V isual experiences are more ef fective than verbal experiences. As the combination of sound & vision makes the class dramatic & imaginative, video-CDs are one of the best media for English teaching. V ideo-CD has the advantage of linear motion, facility of still frames, minimal loss of irrelevant information & information returns. V ideo CDs of fer still pictures, motion, black & white colour & repetition of specific sections. In English teaching, all the demonstrations are not economically ef ficient which could be lowered by video CDs

In India kabadi is major sports, which is played all over the India. This gameis also getting a good status in Asian sports. This game is classified as a teamgame. Sport is a medium through which a player develops both physical and mental abilities and finally it results into a conscious method of doing whateverone does most effectively, whereas in other arts we utilize mental and physicalabilities partially

We observe that despite overall phenomenal growth of the country's economy, the fruits of growth failed to reach to the poor strata of society thereby affecting basic objectives of our planners towards self reliance and social justice. Various poverty alleviation & self employment programmes though formulated with positive frame resulted in a lack of proper social intermediation, absence of desired linkages & focusing to achieve individual programme targets rather than sustainable income generation.

An annotated checklist of snakes is prepared on basis of the collected information from survey during during Jan.2007- Dec.2009 on the basis of habitat structure and possibility of availability of the species.22 species belonging six families were recorded. This includes. 18 Non Venomous species and 4 venomous in which 2 snakes from Typhlopidae, 2 snakes from Boidae, 1 snake from Pythonidae, 13 snakes from Colubridae, 2 snakes from Elapidae and 2 snakes are from Viperidae family. In nonvenomous species of snakes, Ramphotyphlos braminus, Gongylophis (Eryx) conicus, Coelognathus helena helena, Ptyas mucosa, Xenochrophis piscator, Oligodon arnensis, Lycodon olicus, Argyrogena fasciolata, Boiga trigonata,are common snakes. While Grypotyphlos (Rhinotyphlos) acutus, Ahaetulla nasuta are uncommon with Eryx johnii, Dendrelaphis tristis, Macropisthodon plumbicolor, Sibynophis sp.

Children are said to be developmentaly delayed if they fail to reach developmental milestones at the expected age. Developmental delay is considered as a disability, which the child displays either due to biological or environmental factors. This affect child's speech, language, fine and gross motor skills and cognitive development. So delay or abnormal development may affect individual areas of development or child's overall development. Based on this a need was felt to study the prevalence of developmental delays among infants born in government and private hospitals of Dharwad. Detailed information of the newborn was collected within 24 hours of birth. After 6 months of interval developmental assessment were made by administering Bayley scale for infant development (BSID- 1993), test for screening developmental delays developed by National Institute for the mentally handicapped, Secunderabad (2000)

Energy is an essential ingredient of socio-economic development and economic growth. Renewable energy sources like wind energy is indigenous and can help in reducing the dependency on fossil fuels. Wind is the indirect form of solar energy and is always being replenished by the sun. Wind is caused by differential heating of the earth's surface by the sun. Wind energy can be used to power individual installations directly or to generate electricity to be fed into a distribution system. Individual wind-powered installations can be either fixed, as in pumps, or moving, as in ships. Although the application of wind power to generate electricity is by far the most widespread application, it should be mentioned that studies are in progress to apply wind energy in other ways. An example is the E/S Orcelle zero-emissions cargo ship concept, proposed by a Scandinavian shipping company to use only renewable energy sources, including the sun, wind, and waves, as well as fuel cell technology, to meet all propulsion and onboard power requirement

The objectives of teaching Mathematics at primary level, clearly aim at solid foundation of the subject as the subject is sequential in nature. Unless mastery is achieved in, fundamental abilities like computational skills, interpretation of the problem and integration of the problem no learning can take place at high school level. Therefore it is essential that children developed competency in basic skills and wherever the competency has not been achieved, appropriate remedial steps are taken. “Students” learning can be improved through diagnosis of their performance, by identifying specific inadequacies in mastering the required basic skills.

“Clothing Management is an art, but requires scientific and creative impulse and meticulous planning to properly groomed” Human beings are social beings. In addition to human instincts they are endowed with social instincts also. Men simply do not exist, but have the deep seated instinct to live every possible and plausible sense of decency and decorum. Right from the ancient civilization, to the present day modern society, men have gone through a remarkable evolution both in material and spirit. To be liked, admired and respected is the basic human instinct, which has compelled men to groom and adopt himself to the changing situations. Clothing is one of the dimension which can be said to be an off man's deep seated sense of decency and decorum.

The Jalswarajya project is aimed at successfully resolving various challenges in operationalising the new policy, strategy and approach statewide. Government of Maharashtra looks forward to developing a meaningful partnership with the World Bank led IDA not only in filling up the financing gaps, but also in supporting the state with its reach international experience. Government of Maharashtra have great hopes about the success often Jalswarajya project because it will empower the Gram Sabhas and Village Panchayats and prepare them to be more responsive to the poor and the women. The project will lead to more sustainable outcomes based on the principles of equity and inclusion.

In Budget Speech 2010 -201 1 Pranab Mukherjee, Minister of Finance showed his keenness to introduce GST; however , he also recognized that there are issues in its quick implementation. 1st April 201 1 was proposed as new date for its implementation. Mr . P . Chidambaram had given indication that the country will have Goods and Service T ax (GST) regime in 2010. W ith successful introduction of V A T in almost all the states and continuous increase in number of services under the service tax net, nobody should have any doubt of the Finance Minister's seriousness about GST

In the present scenario administrative professionals to change managers and strategic business partners, the role of HR has entirely changed. In today's aggressive global market it has become necessary for organization to expand internationally to gain competitive advantage. Globalization has forced organization and their human resources functions to redefine their strategies. It is necessary for the management to invest considerable time and amount, to learn the changing scenario of the Human Resource Department in the 21st century. In order to survive the competition and be in the race, HR Department should continuously update itself with the transformation in HR suitable HR Policies that would lead to the Achievement of the organization as well as the individual's goals should be formulated.

Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males. It is one of the important social indices to measure the prevailing inequality between males and females and regional imbalances in the status of women. The present paper based on the 1981, 1991 and 2001 census data, intends to examine the changing sex ratio in tribal population in comparison to non-tribal population in Dhule and Nandurbar districts of Maharashtra. It is found that the average sex ratio in the study area was 994 in 1981 which has increased to 995 in 1991 and 997 in 2001. It ranges from a maximum of 1013 in Akkalkuwa tahsil and minimum of 965 Shirpur tahsil in 1981 but in 1991 Nandurbar tahsil was identified with highest sex ratio (1015) and Dhule tahsil with lowest (897). In 2001 the maximum in Akkalkuwa tahsil (1021) and minimum sex ratio was found in Dhule tahsil (936). It is found that the sex ratio among the non-tribals is comparatively lower than the tribals. It is because of the fact that the feeling of having male issue is mainly confined to the non-tribal population, but the tribals don't find any dif ference between male and female child. The low tribal sex ratio in some talukas or districts is not because of getting rid of female child after having done sex determination, but in case of non-tribals, who are much advanced but in terms of feeling for the girl child lagging much behind as compared to the tribals. This sort of investigation can further bring grass-root r e a l i t i e s a t m i c r o - l e v e l a n d w i t h t h a t s o l u t i o n f o r improvement of sex ratios in the lagging areas can be explicitly determined.

The long and expansive history of India abounds with enlightened women who were cultured and educated and radiated their brilliance in a range of activities. Each time we talk about them or think about them they bring us many gifts of the spirit they inspire us with their creativity , joy , hope and diplomacy . It is a well known saying that behind every successful man there is a woman, supporting him doggedly and patiently .

Teaching is considered as one of the most ancient and most respectable professions in educational development. NCTE is formed in 1996 in India, which enhance the quality of teacher education. Though there is progress in certain levels, but there is no programme to raise the level of defects in curriculum. Hence there is need of revitalization of the existing curriculum and examination system. There are mainly three basis, Psychological, scientific and sociological in which the change should be done. Similarly evaluation of the curricular must be done on subject contents, experiences, skills, values, the present paper focused the light are different type in curriculum and also new types must be include in the evaluation system.

This study investigated the effect of various parameters on the removal of cadmium metal ions by adsorption using coconut shell coke (CSC) and commercial activated charcoal (CAC). The time of contact, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, and volume of the adsorbate solution are the parameters studied. The adsorption isotherms so obtained in this study followed the Freundlich and Langmuir equations showing a marginal average deviation.

A cattle marketing is very distinct from marketing of any other product or service. Each and every cattle is distinct from each other in respect of size, height, colour, shape, appearance, age, milk yield, order and stage of lactation, stage of pregnancy and working capacity etc., hence the prices are also not one and the same for all cattle. There is no any standard price of cattle and no guaranteed price from the government. The prices of cattle are determined under the bargaining between buyers and sellers with or without brokers.

Eugene O'Neill “Diff'rent” is an excellent dramatic illustration of the tragic intra-psychic struggle of its heroine Emma Crosby. The ' inner disparity' of the character denies a happy life outside and becomes the fundamental cause in shaping her destiny. The play reveals the tragic consequences of Emma's attempt to go beyond her natural horizons and of basing her life on false ideals and illusions.

As rightly said by A.C Baugh “English is the easiest language to speak badly. It is the most difficult language to speak correctly.” Communication has gained greater significance in the era of globalization and I.T revolution. Communication means to share. 'Share' with whom 'The People', where each one has PPersonality, with E-empathy, and an O- openness to be Pragmatic with L-liberty to be E-effective speakers.

Management can be defined as an act that involves the control, supervision and leading of other persons. It also involves overseeing projects, resources and business enterprises, a... Business management is all the people and programs used to help keep a business on track. It helps establish goals and includes the processes needed to reach those goals

(The Booker Prize award in 1998 for Arundhati Roy's 'The God of Small Things' opened up a new opportunity for the novelist to turn her attentions to India's nuclear policy and the campaign against the Narmada dam projects, for which she earned the label "write activist". What does this signify? Is Roy a new-style global international intellectual/activist? This article first places the writer within the context of "development journalism" in India, then assesses Roy's publication outlets, and the nature of activism as expressed in her writing in the light of the concept of the new international public sphere Roy's aim is to influence internationally , and her writing has provoked considerable response on the Internet. T o this extent, Roy is contributing internationally to what promoters of the significance of the medium have described as a "multi-discursive public sphere" but this article questions whether we should accept the term "new international public sphere".)

Markets are changing demographically, politically and economically, and the techniques of bringing goods to market and arranging financing, as well as the means of financing themselves, are changing. Increasingly, the world over, economies are being subjected to the same social, economic, technological and political forces which shape our own markets. Technological companies are being 'born global' because the nature and specificity of the technological advantage they possess requires them to explore an international rather than a domestic market.

The colonialism in Africa caused heavy damage to each African nation. It affected the nations in totality from their lives to culture that later made way out in to their agitation as catharsis in their writing contributing to the development of the Commonwealth Literature. Chinua Achebe, Wole Soyinka, Cyprian Ekwensi shouldered this responsibility to lead the literature to the mainstream literature voicing their unrest. In the Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe brings out that unrest on the very first page citing the lines of WB Yeats about the harsh reality of agony and unrest caused due to the colonialism and neocolonialism. But the male writers seem to be influenced more by the colonialism and their culture which held a bare respect for the African women by treating as only subservient.

Urban population of the planet has crossed 51% mark and the focus has shifted to developing countries. Though urbanisation in India is 27% its urban population exceeds the total population of USA and Brazil. During the last 50 years, the rate of growth of urban population of India has been double that of the rate of growth of population. The government of India concentrated on industrialization but urbanisation was completely neglected

Change is the need of hour to for survival in all spheres .The world has seen much focus on economic progress and mankind has made giant steps in its journey through time. The side ef fects of the development process have, however , also been equally enormous loss of biodiversity , climatic change, environmental damage, etc. Bank is also not the exception for this. This paper tries to find out the ways to Go Green through 'Green Banking'

Varahaneri Venkatesa Subramaniam Aiyar was born to a middle class family of Tiruchirappalli on 2nd April 1881. He was 44 years old when he did on 3rd June 1925. It was a relatively short life. He will be remembered both as an early Tamil revolutionary and as the father of the modern Tamil short story.

In India, the payment of bonus to the industrial employees of the Government of India has been linked to productivity. While clamour is made for productivity linked wage increase in the management and official circles, trade unions are equally vociferous in resisting such a linkage, not only because they do not treat the existing distribution of income as sacrosanct, but also because they fear that linking wage and bonus payments to productivity is a device to cheat them of their legitimate claim to a living wage. Though there is so much of talk of the importance of growth in productivity for speeding up economic growth, there is little analysis of the concrete situation which can facilitate or hinder improvements in productivity. They gains of the 'green revolution' are reflected in the improvements in productivity. But there has not been any reference to the quality of human inputs, as if it does not have much to contribute. In the industrial field, also, new technologies are being introduced and additional capital input of improved quality is being provided to increase production. Larger inputs can give larger returns but that does not necessarily mean improvement in productivity. In all economic organizations,apart from the quality and the quantity of material input, it is recognized on all sides that the quality of the human input is the crucial factor in promoting productivity, consequently in economic growth and development.

The fast and radical changes occurring in the world at all levels have affected the life style and family pattern of Indian society. Working women has changed the scene and has affected the society at large. Adolescents are the backbone of the society so they need to be tackled in an efficient manner by parents. Their emotional intelligence and social maturity is to be developed in a family. As are the parents so are the children. Social maturity is an important aspect of adolescent's life because he is to develop in an adult and society cannot tolerate socially immature individuals. More over emotional intelligence is an important factor in developing social maturity