The pr esent investigation was aimed to assess the attitude and awar eness on the ill- effects of tobacco consumption among adolescents thr ough an intervention pr ogramme. A random sample of 120 adolescent boys in the age gr oup of 14-16 years was taken for the pr esent study . Global Y outh T obacco Survey (GYTS) a questionnair e developed by W orld Health Or ganization was used for conducting the pr esent study . The collected data was tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis using per centage analysis, Mann-Whitney test and W ilcoxon signed ranks test. The r esults of the pr esent study showed that ther e is a significant differ ence in the attitude and knowledge on the ill effects of tobacco consumption among school going adolescents

Good communication is the foundation of all successful coaching. A team filled with the best players in the league who communicates poorly will flounder in mediocrity , while a team filled with run-of-the-mill players who communicates flawlessly will be contenders every year . Effective communication in sports is an absolute essential trait that quality teams must have to be successful, fr om the coaches, to team leaders, all the way down to the r ole players. T eam members should always shar e information and feelings between each other . This allows for total trust between the team members

In education, a teacher is a person who pr ovides schooling for pupils and students. A teacher who facilitates education for an individual student may also be described as a personal tutor . The r ole of teacher is often formal and ongoing, carried out by way of occupation or pr ofession at a school or other place of formal education. In ancient days, the teachers wer e worshipped as gods. Learners call them “GURUS” and the wor d 'GURU' had a magical impact on the students. The students willingly surr ender ed themselves to the teachers and had unquestionable trust, faith and r espect on their teachers. Whatever the teachers taught was accepted wholeheartedly because it was new and inter esting to them as her e was no much gr owth in information acquisition. But today the educational scenario is completely differ ent and the learning pr ocess has under gone rapid changes in which the educator has to take an entir ely new 'avatar' altogether

The r esear ch work done on benzene with ternary mixtur es of ethyl methyl ketone and acetophenone at 293k, 298k, and 303k system is scanty , and one of the r easons for the same is that weak complex formations arise in the hydr ogen bonds. In the study of molecular interactions, the O-H finds an important r ole as it is highly polar and associates with any other gr oup in a molecule having some degr ee of polar attraction. The thermodynamic excess pr operties ar e found to be mor e sensitive towar ds intermolecular interaction between the component molecules of liquid mixtur es. The sign and extent of deviation of excess parameters depend on the str ength of interaction between unlike molecules.

Ther e is a some aspect of Rural Development which aims as welfar e of the people, pr ovision of better education facilities, Health services, r ecr eational facility and change in social attitude of people. So many welfar e facilities can impr ove the community or ganizer . 1)As a Guide : Initiative and objective identification of a pr oblem of community such as rural housing, drinking water , rural electrification, adult non formal education, women & child development of the rural ar eas. It is mostly r elated to social development, and should be a part of development plan, various ar eas find out pr oblem and guide and Counselling to solve the particular pr oblem

Communicative competence is important for an engineer to carry out his/her pr ofessional practice. The State of Maharashtra has always been at the for efr ont of education, technology , agricultural and industrial development at the national level. The majority of students enr olled in engineering and technology courses in the State come fr om non-English speaking backgr ounds and they need to impr ove their communicative competence. The intended r esear ch will examine how engineers use the language, the natur e of communication, such as verbal and visual, and the tools they use to communicate. The r esear ch will examine the two elements on the learning of language and visualization, which ar e both critical for the pr ofessional performance of tasks

All intellectual disciplines ar e interr elated. History , though a vast subject in itself has intimate r elations with a few other disciplines, History keeps intimate r elation with. They ar e closely associated. For a longtime, fr om Renaissance to the nineteenth century , history was consider ed a branch of literatur e. Fr om nineteenth century history got its separate identity as a science, when Ranke denied that history was a branch of literatur e. Though, we saw in the earlier section of this chapter that the ancient people the primitive tribes always r ecor ded their history and her oic past in literary genr es of songs, myths, ballads, etc. However , if history is the r ecor d of life, literatur e is the r eflection of life - the substance and the shadow shall always go together . The main theme of both history and literatur e is man in society . Both these disciplines use imagination as their powerful weapon, although its use is not so liberal in history

The oil within the A/C system that lubricates the compr essor . R12 systems use a special type of mineral oil. R134a systems use either a P AG or ester -based oil. A certain amount of compr essor oil must be in the system at all times to pr event compr essor damage. Loss of compr essor oil (or failur e to r eplace oil that was lost during the service or r eplacement of system components) will in compr essor failur e. T oo much oil in the system can cause loss of cooling efficiency or compr essor failur e. The corr ect viscosity grade compr essor oil is r ecommended for use in r otary scr ew , r otary vane, r ecipr ocating and other co mp r es so r ap pl ic at io ns . Co mp at ib le wi th P AO , es te r - an d pe tr ol eu m- ba se d compr essor oils. Not compatible with glycol- or silicone-based compr essor oils

Mother is the origion of human life, whether she gives birth to male or a female baby . However only healthy mothers can pr oduce healthy childr en. The foetus, which gr ows rapidly depends solely on its mother for the nourishment. Nutrition plays an important and special r ole in the course of pr egnancy for the maintenance of sound maternal health. Hence the r equir ement of nutrients for women during pr egnancy incr ease significantly in or der to meet the extra demands for rapid gr owth and development of foetus. It is unfortunate to know that nutritional status of pr egnant women in India is very poor as the diets ar e gr ossly deficient in supplying ener gy and other essential nutrient

The aim of this paper is to intr oduce Brahmagupta and his work in mathematics and astr onomy . In this paper we have given Intr oduction, Contribution in arithmetic, Contribution in algebra, Contribution in geometry , Contribution in trigonometry , and Contribution in astr onomy .

W ater management depends on the interr elationship between a variety of factors including irrigation practices, land use and cr opping pattern, individual and collective system of irrigation and overall economics. The saving of water is extr emely complex since the development, operation and maintenance of the water supply system is the r esponsibility of the government, but the saving of water can only be obtained with the full cooperation of the farmers. The total water obtained as rain in the entir e country works to about 400 m. ham per annum. The ar ea irrigated at pr esent in India is 25 per cent of the sown ar ea and it is expected to incr ease to about 52 per cent of the cr opped ar ea in the year AD 2025.

The right to education has been universally r ecognized since the Universal declaration of Human Rights in 1948 and has since been enshrined in various international conventions, national constitutions and development plans. In India the founders of the nation r ecognizing the importance of right to education attempted to made it a constitutional mandate befor e long back, and placed it under chapter IV Dir ective Principal of State policy of the Indian Constitution. Article 45 of the Cons titution puts obligation on the state to make pr ovisions within 10 years for fr ee and compulsory education for all childr en until they attain the age of 14 years

Aim of Study : Main aim of the study is to find out the str ength of association between emotional intelligence ,intelligence ,socio economic status and adjustment in five ar eas measur ed by Bell's Adjustment Inventory . Objectives of study:- 1)T o find out the dir ection and str ength of r elationship between emotional intelligence and intelligence. 2)T o find out the r elationship between emotional intelligence and socio-economic status. 3)T o measur e the str ength of association between intelligence quotient and socio- economic status

Life insurance is a tool against pr otection of life of individuals. Basically it is pr otection against unfor eseen death of an individual. So his/her family is financially pr otected against such risk. The purpose of life insurance for every individual may be differ ent. Ther e ar e lar ge number of insurance companies having wide range of insurance pr oducts. On the other hand, consumers ar e so much confused as to which policy and of which company to be pur chased. So marketers ar e inter ested to know the buying behavior of life insurance consumers in or der to form their marketing strategies.

The share of agriculture in the aggregate economy of India has declined rapidly during the planned development of the country. India is still the country with the poorest people on our globe: of India's 742 million these live in rural areas. Most people in rural India depend directly or indirectly on farming for their livelihood. Despite this not enough attention has been given to agriculture to overcome poverty. The report on the State of Indian Agriculture place by the government to the Rajya Sabha on 13th March 2012 calls for wide-ranging reforms in agriculture sector to enable it to meet the growing demands and meet the challenges posed by various human and environmental factors. Agriculture is an important sector of the Indian Economy.

The pr esent study was undertaken to the effect of behavioral Pattern on r eaction time of sportsmen. Sample of the study 200 sportsmen. Hypothesis of the study 1. Ther e will be significant differ ence in between A T ype behavioral pattern and B T ype behavioral pattern Dimension of visual r eaction time. 2. Ther e will be significant differ ence in between A T ype behavioral pattern and B T ype behavioral pattern Dimension of audio r eaction time. Upindhar Dhar & Manisha Jain T ype A/B Behavioral Pattern Scale was used the study and r eaction time apparatus was used. Besides these, a PDS was used to get the other necessary information r elating to the r espondents. It was conclusion that 1. A T ype behavioral pattern sportsm an have significantly high visual r eaction time than the B T ype behavioral pattern.

A Criminal case is build upon the edifice of evidence that is admissible in law . For that witnesses ar e r equir ed. It is submitted that justice must not only be done but must be seen to be done. Fr ee and fair trial is the very foundation of criminal Jurisprudence. W itnesses turning hostile have been a major pr oblem being faced by the Criminal Justice System in India. The pr oblem has gained pr ominence because of acquittals in high- pr ofile cases like the Best Bakery case, the Jessica Lal case and others. If a person deposes false evidence befor e the court, due to false evidence, the spirit of the criminal jurisprudence will diminish, so one chapter XI was intr oduced by our legislatur e for checking the false evidence. It is in this context that it becomes important to understand what the pr oblem is all about and whether the pr oposed amendment to the CriminalCode (CrPC) would be the right solution to the pr oblem. Pr ocedur e

Institutions of higher education ar e naturally involved in the pr ocesses of cr eating new knowledge, both abstract and applied. No pr ograms of high quality education can be implemented by people who ar e themselves not cr eative and who may be devoid of the excitement of innovation, discovery , or application of knowledge to new situations. It is accepted all over the world that the young teachers and scholars ar e a singular sour ce of new ideas, which contribute to the advancement of society . The r esear ch activities of institutions of higher education ar e inspir ed by considerations of excellence at an international level as well as of application to solving the pr oblems of a given society . These activities could be linked once again to the social, cultural, economic, and natural envir onment to focus attention on pr oblems of local and r egional development in the country in or der to achieve the goal of national development

Our new generation is suffering from academic anxiety and this is influencing their mental health, this is not good sign for the future of our students. Anxiety cannot be removed completely from the minds of the students, but it can be minimized to certain level. School is the most appropriate place where various activities can be organized to foster self confidence among students and in turn minimizes anxiety. In the present study, the researcher made an effort to know the relationship of anxiety with academic achievement. The methodology selected is the survey method. The sample selected for the study consisted of 400 students belonging to class IX of CBSE and State Board schools of Aurangabad city.

The antifungal effectiveness of the plant extract of selected locally available plant on fungi Rhizohus stolonifer is tested in this pr esent study . Five differ ent plants used in Indian medicine wer e examined against Rhizohus stolonifer . The alcoholic extract of five plant, viz of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum,Oocimum basilicum, Lantana camara and Alov vera exhibited varing degr ees of inhibition activity against the fungi. All selected five plants shows antifungal activity in differ ent per centage out of these five plant. Azadiruchta indica, Ocimum sanctum and Alov vera shows almost total inhibition plant exhibits antifungal activity . While Ocimum basilicum and Lantana camara extract shows against fungal gr owth in significantly variable activity rangeing fr om 75 – 85 % r eduction in Rhizohus stolonifer .

Small scale sector has been assigned with an important r ole in the national economy , it is str ongly felt that in today's world it is the small industry that holds the key to gr owth with equity . India today operates the lar gest and oldest pr ogram for the development of SSI units as compar e to any developing country . Even long befor e independence, Gandhiji emphasized the need for r evival of village industrial as one of the main planks of his constructive pr ogram in 1934, r ecognizing the pivot r ole played by SSI in the Indian economy all the Industrial policies announced since independence of the country in 1947 accor ded high priority to the development of SSI. SSI ar e generally mor e labour intensive. Accor ding to an estimate, the employment generating capacity of small sector is 80 times that of the lar ge sector

W omen ar e plays an important r ole in agricultur e. Most of the weeding operation was done by women. W eeding by developed manually operated weeder decr ease the postural discomfort and fild performance than traditional method of weeding. Hence pr esent investigation was undertaken with an objective to study the postural discomfort and performance evaluation of manually operated weeder . Pr esent investigation was undertaken in Nagpur , Maharashtra state during the year 2010-201 1. For this investigation farmers and farm workers ar e selected randomly fr om Nagpur district. The field performance of the developed weeder was evaluated in the field of cotton, soyabean and gr oundnut cr ops. Pr estructur ed questionnair e and overall discomfort rating (ODR) scale was used for data collection

A field survey was undertaken by the author during the period of 2003-06 along with his PhD. Resear ch work on the pr ofile of degr ee colleges in Lakhimpur district, Assam. On the basis of the information gather ed during that period her e an attempt has been made to pr esent an outline of the degr ee colleges functioning in the District. At pr esent ther e ar e 12 pr ovincialzed colleges in Lakhimpur district. Out of these 12 colleges, only 1 College i.e. Nowboicha college pr oviding higher education exclusively for Degr ee Course and the r emaining 1 1 colleges ar e imparting education in Higher Secondary Course along with Degr ee Course. However , the pr esent study deals with only the degr ee level courses offer ed by all 12 colleges

W ith advancement of T echnology and Information T echnology ther e is considerable escalation in the management of Libraries in the senior as well junior colleges. This paper discusses the new century , libraries in , integration management, pr oject management, flexible management, virtualization management, , Management Information System; Agent T echnology , Information Management likewise will deal with the Management Concepts which can be utilized in modern libraries. This paper will also highlight some of key issue to be addr essed in modern appr oach in library management.

The whole world stands aside for a man who knows wher e he is going.” Ther e's so much truth in the statement. Have you noticed that those who eventually help in nation building ar e those who have build a successful life? Or at least have discover ed what exactly they want to carve out of their lives and existence? Really , everything come backs to you. T o build the nation you must be empower ed ---------- and you will do the job of empowering you. In a nation wher e the young people ar e not empower ed with positive and virtuous skills and attitudes, the rich will not be able to sleep, the police will likely go on strike-not for salary r eason but to campaign against crime rate- and the justice department will send mor e on overtime. The place of youth empowerment in a nation's development is not subject to any debate and so the mor e necessary question is

Nowadays Indian stock market has under gone tr emendous changes. Investment in mutual funds has become a major option among investors. The customer behaviour is very important while making buying decision of Mutual funds. The decision is depends upon so many factors. Ther e ar e many key factors that ar e associated with shar e market. These factors shall also act as guidelines for buying of mutual funds by the customers accor ding to their specific needs of investment. The hypothesis is that “Customer has criteria for buying mutual funds”. This paper discussed various key factors r elated to mutual funds

In the pr esent r esear ch paper an attempt has been made to highlight the historical perspective of Mahabaleshwar hill station of Satara district of Maharashtra. The entir e study is based on secondary data and empirical knowledge. The main sour ce of data and information ar e gazetteers of Satara district and Maharashtra, documents of ar cheological department, Sabhasad bakhar , documentary r ecor ds of Satara museaum, government r eports and few websites etc.The study r eveals that Mahabaleshwar hill station right fr om its establishment was not static but ruled by several gr eat kings, gr eat personalities, Britishers who have contributed to the development and gr owth of Mahabaleshwar hill station.

The notion of pr eventive detention is deeply ingrained in India's legal, political, and social landscape. It is pr emised on the value of pr ecautionary state action to pr otect the public or national inter est, and is adopted at a cost to the value of individual liberty and its sacr osanct pr otection under law . Pr eventive detention differs fr om the punitive detention imposed by a court of law in that it is imposed by the decision of a government official, and furthermor e, in that it does not follow fr om the conviction of an offence, but rather anticipates the commission of a harmful act. Ther e is no authoritative definition of the term 'Pr eventive Detention' in Indian law . Pr eventive detention necessarily involves the detention of a person. Detention means that the person detained is not at liberty to go anywher e

Rural Development is r elated to the various dimensions of rural life, such as –the gr owth of agricultur e and allied activities, rural industrialization, education, health, public works, poverty alleviation, rural employment generation pr ogramme on the one hand and on the other the development of poor women and childr en, the weaker section of the ar ea. Rural development and development of rural women ar e co-r elated to each other . That is the rural development pr ogrammes of the government pr ovides opportunities to the women of those rural families who ar e living below the poverty line so that their social and economic standar d could be impr oved

Nathaniel Hawthorne was a novelist and short story writer . His contribution to the American transcendentalism is worthy to be noted. Hawthorne's ancestors had been pr ominent puritans. His novels ar e colour ed by puritanism. Hawthorne was born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts. His father was a sea Captain who died when Hawthorne was aged 4. Hawthorne attended Bowdoin College in Maine and in 1928 he published his first novel, Funshawe. He later withdr ew it fr om cir culation and concentrated on writing short fiction.Hawthorne worked at various jobs, including a spell in the Boston Custom house, and he lived in the Br ook Farm community for six months in 1841

The paper highlights the r ole of Emotional Intelligence in Success. Emotional Intelligence, comprises of two wor ds- Emotion and Intelligence. Emotion is that state of the individual which deprives him of his equilibrium. R.S.W oodworth says ” An Emotion is a disturbed state of the body . It is a disturbed glandular and muscular activity”. Emotions typically arise in r esponse to an event, either internal or external, that has a positively or negatively valenced meaning for the individual. Some of the emotions ar e affection, anger , angst, anguish, anxiety , apathy , ar ousal,boldness, bor edom, contempt, contentment, curiosity , depr ession, desir e, despair , disappointment, embarrassment, envy , excitement, fear , fearlessness, frustration, gratitude, grief, guilt, happiness, hatr ed, hope, horr or , hostility , hurt, indiffer ence, inter est, jealousy , joy etc.

Nano particles of barium phosphate have been pr epar ed barium chloride and magnesium phosphate by chemical co-pr ecipitation method. The r esulting powders wer e characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electr on micr oscope (SEM) and Fourier electr on infrar ed spectrum (FTIR) .The r esults indicate that cauli flower shaped barium phosphate nano particles can be pr epar ed with a particle size of 78.42nm. The FTIR spectrum is used to study the str etching and bending fr equencies of molecular functional gr oups in the sample.

India is highly vulnerable to floods and out of the total geographical area of 329 mha., more than 40 mha. is flood- prone. Floods are recurrent phenomenon, which cause huge loss of lives and damage to livelihood system, property, infrastructure and public utilities. It is cause for concern that the flood related damages are showing an increasing trend. The average annual flood damage during the last 10 years was Rs. 4745 crore as compared to Rs. 1805 crore, the corresponding average for the last 53 years. It has been recognized that, while floods cannot be prevented, they can certainly be managed to minimize loss of lives, livelihood systems, property and damage to infrastructure and public utilities. Sustained efforts are required to address the problem to reduce the impact of floods in the short term and flood risk in the long term

Globalisation has brought drastic changes in Government Policies towards insurance industry as a whole. Hitherto protected and monopolistic insurance industry suddenly found itself in the midst of severe competition with the opening up of insurance sector to foreign investors. Plethora of private insurance companies entered in this field within a span of last ten years. This has naturally brought professionalism and severe competition in this sector . Naturally the CRM got the prime importance for every player In-depth study of CRM vis-a-vis loyalty of customers in insurance sector revealed that better the CRM practices more will be the loyalty of customers resulting in more retention of customers and thereby increase in profitability .

he novelist, Shashi Deshpande thr ough her novel, studies these issues and pr oblem of the contemporary middle class women. She pictur es modern, educated and car eer -oriented middle class women, who ar e sensitive to the changing time and situations. Her novel, 'Roots and shadows' has won the Thirumathi Rangamal prize for the best Indian novel of 1982-83. Indu, the pr otagonist is caught up in a conflict between their family and pr ofessional r oles, between individual aspiration and social demands. Indus, the journalist, is torn between self—expr ession and social stigmas—material and psychological. Majority of the characters in the novel have r estrictive notion of cultural identity with which their vision of political change is bur dened. However , the liberated pr otagonist Indus brings them out of their cocoons and for ces them to accept the values of a new modern world.