From times immemorial, the trade and commerce served as the primary linkage among different countries across the globe. However, before the evolution of currency, the trade among nations were largely carried on the basis of barter system. But, the trade was flourished in its peak during the medieval period. So far as India is concerned,it was having strong trade links with Arabian countries from ancient times till the Britishers maintained their supremacy over India. During the medieval period roughly from 12th to 16th century, it was also having cordial and harmonious relationship with other countries of the world. On the other hand, the Muslim rulers of that time had made political and economic development in India. The towns and cities were flourished by trade and industrial activities which leads towards the general welfare. Apart from this, the foreign travellers contain descriptions of the variety of goods that were sold in the markets.

The concept of social transformation in social sciences refers to the change of society’s charactistic, which includes the change of existing social structure, technological, economic, political and cultural. There are various factors to determine the social transformation like geography, trade, transport, communication and education.

The concept of social transformation in social sciences refers to the change of society’s charactistic, which includes the change of existing social structure, technological, economic, political and cultural. There are various factors to determine the social transformation like geography, trade, transport, communication and education.

Self Help Groups (hereinafter SHGs) are the mentors for transforming the betterment in the socioeconomic system in developing countries like India. They are playing a crucial role in the ecosystem and they have achieved identifiable positive remarks in the countries like India, Bangladesh etc. Hence, most of the Government policy issues are have priority about these SHGs especially in banking sector. After the adjacent to the Banking outlets, they got synergistic performance and which resulted into women empowerment, rural development, regional development in specific and socioeconomic system in general.

The present study is to find out the difference in the Social Adjustment of working and non-working Women in Ahmedabad District. The sample consisted of 120 Women. Out of which 60 were working Women and 60 were non-working Women. For this purpose of investigation “Social Adjustment Inventory” by Dr. R. C. Deva was used. The obtained data was analyzed through‘t’ test to know the mean difference between working and non-working Women. The results show that there is no significant difference in social adjustment, social maturity and emotional adjustment level of working and non-working Women.

Yoga is a very ancient practice that originated in India. The term refers to union or communication. For many, yoga is viewed as a physical, mental, and spiritual discipline that confers a sound body and a sound mind. Many studies are conducted by various researchers on yoga and studied its effects on physical function and mental function but less attention has been paid to academic achievement, mental health and well-being by yoga practitioners. It was, therefore, assumed that similar impact of yoga may also be experienced by the school girl’s student of Mumbai. With the evident information available, we sought to specially design a standard yoga exercise module, to determine the effect of selected yogic training programme on academic achievement in girls with age group 12 to 14 years.

English is a vehicle for international communication. In order to meet the demands of modern society, English teachers need to pay more attention to the development of learners’ competence and focus on a more effective and successful method. However traditional approaches to English language teaching still dominate Indian classrooms. Language teachers should not focus on reciting but should teach from their own understanding of language learning and help learners gain more competence with confidence.

Beliefs are interesting and attractive subjects in every culture and have engaged minds of lots of people; and since one does not know about their validity, he imagines that they are contrary to human common sense. This makes human mind scrutinize them. This study deals with the beliefs of people in Chardaval region. The objective of doing such a study is to get familiar with the regional beliefs and their positions among the local people. For collecting data, we applied ethnographic and fieldwork methods; and in addition to interviews with knowledgeable people about the subject, direct observation and collecting documents were also applied to complete the work. The result we can get from this study is that although the beliefs in the contemporary society, compared to their existence in the past, are less and their function has decreased, this does not mean that they have disappeared. People’s mentality always holds to them, although people apply them less in their lives.

With the Increasing growth of the Financial Services Sectors, it is also important that the growth in any sector should be the balanced growth. The primary objective of the investor is to earn the regular income and the market knowledge and risk taking ability of the investors make the difference in their expected rate of return. The main factors affecting the balanced growth are the Income and demographic factors. In this paper, we are focusing on the effect of the demographic factors. The psychology of the Investors also differs demographically. As the markets are becoming more dynamic and the risk exposure is also changing and the risk differs among the different demographic profiles. This paper explores relationship between level of risk and demographic factors of investors’ confined to Punjab state.

Generation Y is a group of people born during the s and the early s. The name is based on Generation X, which is the peer group that came before them. Generation Y people are known as Echo boomers because they are the children of baby boomers. The Generation Y cohort is also referred to as Millennials, the Internet generation, iGen, and/or the Net generation.

Digital electronic computations started with the introduction of vacuum tubes. But implementation of larger engines became economically and practically infeasible. The invention of the transistor, followed by the introduction of the bipolar transistor led to the first successful IC logic family, TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic). Next was the turn of the MOS digital integrated circuit approach. As electrons have higher mobility than holes, NMOS was preferred later so processors used NMOS-only logic, with higher speed relative to the PMOS logic. But later, NMOS-only logic started suffering from the same problem: power consumption. Finally the balance tilted towards the CMOS technology.

Ted Hughes is one of the major nature poets in English Literature. However, he is different from other poets in terms of his attitude towards nature and its depiction in his poetry. He puts focus on the violent, destructive aspect of nature in his poetry. He had a wide knowledge of nature and its inhabitants. Hence there is realistic description of birds and beast in his poetry. He is more interested in the ruthless, destructive side of nature. Therefore, we find the depiction of this side of nature in his poetry. The present paper aims at bringing out the depiction of the violent side of nature in Ted Hughes’s poetry with reference to two of his major poems ‘Hawk Roosting’ and ‘Pike’.

The main purpose of the present study was to examine the Mental health among Chronic patients. The objectives of the study were 1) to examine the significant difference in mental health between chronic (HIV+ve & TB) patients, 2) to examine the significant difference in mental health between male and female sample. The sample consisted of 80 (40 HIV+Ve & 40 TB patients) selected from Gulbarga District in Karnataka state. The sample matched for type of chronic diseases and gender. The sample was administered with mental health inventory by (Jagadish Srivastav) and data were subjected t-test. The results revealed that there is a significant difference in mental health between chronic diseases and gender.

World has become a global place or say a global market today with all its extra effects added by the information and technology. Today, a producer or a customer has no time to go into the market for its purchases or sales. Everything today is expected to happen at the speed of light. With the advancement in technology, internet today has become a very useful and powerful tool in the hands of the buyers and the sellers to satisfy their needs. Today the buying and selling transaction has become so hassle-free that both the buyer and the seller are keenly inclined towards online marketing.

In the Solapur district some land is brought under irrigation with the help of left and right bank canals of the Bhima river. However, most of the land was unirrigated and depended on the vagaries of monsoon. The Sugar factories are trying to increase the total acreage under irrigation. Water, an important input for sugarcane cultivation, was not in ample supply due to the inadequate irrigation facilities. Sugarcane crop requires relatively larger capital for seed, fertilizers, labourers, etc., as compared to other crops. The farmers in the region were not getting loans easily from banks. This state of affairs changed after the factories came into existence.

The pattern of pathogens in SSI and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents are subject to constant change and is important in a health care setting to minimise mortality, and morbidity.A six month hospital based study was conducted. Atotal of 292 patient samples (wound swabs) were processed according to standard microbiological procedures.Out of 292 patient samples, 188 (64.4%) showed growth of one or more organisms. Among Gram negative organisms, Klebsiella spp. was predominant followed by E. coli, and Pseudomonas. Among Gram positive bacteria, predominant was Staphylococcus aureus. Among the Gram negative bacteria, maximum resistance was seen for Levofloxacin and Cefpirome, while least resistance was observed for Imipenem and Tobramycin. Similarly, among the Gram positive bacteria, highest resistance was seen for Ampicillin, and least for Vancomycin and Linezolid.

The fish diversity of the Shivaji tank in relation to physic-chemical parameters was studied from August-2008 to January-2009. This water body is situated at 13o 42N latitude and 75o 38 E longitude located 22 Km away from Bhadravathi town of Shimoga district, Karnataka. The water of the tank is used for fishery and agriculture. Fish species were collected with the help of gillnets of standardized dimensions with several mesh sizes. 19 fish fauna identified during the study belongs to Cyprinidae 09 species, Channidae 2 species, Bagridae with 3 species and a species each of Ambassidae, Cichlidae, Heteropneustidae, Notopteridae and poeciliidae. Water quality parameters indicate that the tank is moderately oligotrophic in nature.

Public transportation plays a critical role in socio & economic development of the country, the vast majority of people in Telangana state travel by public transportation. The study intends to understand the dependency of people on PTS & the risks that they are exposed to and to scout for solutions than can reduce the problems, inconvenience faced by common man. It also provides drivers perspective of the RTC services and the required improvements needed for them. This study reveals the plans proposed by the government to improvise public transportation system in Hyderabad.

Despite all the social hurdles, Indian women stand tall from the rest of the crowd and are applauded for their contributions to their respective field and the economy as a whole. The hidden potential of women has gradually been changing their role and economic status in the society. Women are increasingly being conscious of their existence and their rights. An attempt is made to take quick review of historical background of Indian Women status from Ancient, Medieval and modern India. The paper talks about issues of the status of women in India since independence, Gender, Women’s cultural and economical movement. Analysis of the problems faced by them is taken into account such as SATI, Widow Remarriage, and Right to Property, Child Remarriage and Female Infanticide.

Every year, more people die from the consequences of unsafe water than from all forms of violence, including war. The acts that directly concern water pollution in India are the Water Act (1974), the Water Cess Act (1977 and 1988), and the Environment (Protection) Act or EPA (1986). While the first two are foundational legislations in the context of water pollution in the country, EPA is designed to fill the gaps still remaining in the legal framework for the control of industrial pollution. CPCB is to coordinate the activities of the state boards.

Education is fundamental right under the constitution of India. The programme of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan launched by the government has the goal of educating each and every child without any kind of discrimination. Therefore, children with special needs also have right to education irrespective of their type of disability, its degree, category etc. There are many types of disabilities such as mental retardation, hearing impairment, visual impairment, orthopedically impairment and learning disability etc. learning disability is a hidden disability that affects almost every aspect of life but badly affected area is performance of such children in schools. In comparison of other major handicapping or disabling conditions, learning disabilities are the most vague and mystifying. Teachers often neither notice learning disabilities with these children are not able to trace the causes of these disabilities.

The paper attempts to explain different possible research approaches to pursue a research project. It starts with three important components of a research approach namely-philosophical world view, research design, and research methods. Research approaches are classified on the basis of work of Guba (1990), which puts it in to the categories of post positivism, constructivism, transformative and pragmatism. Further paper explains salient features and principals of these four world views.

Cyanobacteria are known for the production of specialized and photosynthetic pigments Phycobiliproteins. The phycobiliproteins constitutes of three different pigments, which are c-phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin. All the three pigments have their pharmaceutical value. This present study deals with the analysis of the quantitative production of phycobiliproteins from the cyanobacterium. About eight Cyanobacterial strains were chosen for this study and their growth curve and phycobiliprotein production were evaluated. The Cyanobacterial strains, Synechococcus elongatus, Chroococcus minor and Anabaena strains were found to grow well when compared to the other Cyanobacterial strains in this present study.

Health is a major area of concern for social planners across the world. In developing countries health economics has emerged as a key area of research due to the close linkage it has with welfare. In this study, occupation levels of the sample respondents, around 18 type of occupation in textiles like Spinning, Guarding, Mixing, Blue Grooming, Simplex and Others. Next Category of this Study the working hours to the respondents mentioned, mostly, 56.5 per cent of respondents worked only 8 hours in a day. The wage system of the sample respondents, Most of them 91.8 per cent of the sample respondents belonged to weekly wage which depicts only 0.4 percent of the sample respondents earned below 500 rupees and mostly 70.2 percent of the sample respondents earned about 500 to 1000 rupees.

Aim- To examine the stress and anxiety effect on yoga practice and non-yoga practice persons. Hypothesis- There is a significant difference between stress and anxiety on yoga practice persons and non-yoga practice persons. Sampling- For the study there was 150 Sample were selected from Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra State. Tools:- Singh Personal Stress Source Inventory (SPSSI) of Arun Kumar Singh and Comprehensive Anxiety Test of H. Sharma, R. L. Bharadwaj and M. Bhargava test was used for this study. Result:- Results also indicated that yoga practice persons level of stress and anxiety is lower than non-yoga practice person.

Repetition is the technique through which we can remember the content material easily and for long time. There are some methods of repetition like flash-card method, CAL programme, PQ4R method, traditional method. The investigator has decided to check out the impact of PQ4R method and for that he had decided following statement for his research work:” Tryout and Impact of PQ4R method & Traditional method of Repetition on Unit Achievement and its retention by students of Standard IX in Social Science Subject” Some basic objectives of the study were as follow: (1) To check out the impact of PQ4R method & Traditional method of repetition on unit achievement and its retention of girl students of standard IX in Social Science Subject.

Human resources management is a key factor for the success of e-banking. Employees those who were working in the public and private sector were not having adequate knowledge to work with e-banking platforms. e- Banking HR requires special skills because HR functions such as (HR) planning, job analysis and job design, recruitment and selection, job progression, appraisal process, training and compensation would be different than for other traditional banking areas. E-banking is the outcome of technological innovations and competition. In fact, banks have been using electronic and telecommunication networks for delivering a wide range of value added products and services. The devices include telephone, personal computers including Automated Teller Machines (ATM). The delivery channels have been direct dial up connections, private and public networks. To this newer edition of e-banking are being added e.g. Internet banking and mobile banking. The use of ATM’s lead to the concept of ‘anywhere’ and ‘anytime’ banking. The growing popularity of personal computers, easy access to internet and World Wide Web (WWW), has increased the use of internet by banks as a channel for receiving instructions and also delivering their products and services to the customers, This is generally referred to as ‘Internet banking’ or I-banking or Net Banking.

In this paper we report statistical analysis of the rainfall for different stations of Sangli district. We consider rainfall data of 32 years (1981-2012) collected over ten stations of Sangli District in Maharashtra State. Descriptive statistics were obtained for these ten stations for rainy days. It includes average rainfall, median rainfall, maximum rainfall, minimum rainfall, number of rainy days and coefficient of variation of rainfall over these stations. We also study the season wise distribution of rainfall in the study area. Distribution of rainfall in winter season, pre-monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon is studied. The distribution of dry days and rainy days is also studied. Some interesting findings are discussed.

The impact of macroeconomic crisis and poverty can be hard to predict for most countries. the macroeconomic effects of crises, and on how these effects spread to different countries through contagion channels. However, there is a lack of information on the microeconomic repercussions of these crises, particularly for emerging market economies. India entered the last decade of the twentieth century with a severe macro-economic and balance of payments crisis. The period since about 1980 has seen macroeconomic crises and subsequent stabilization efforts in most low and middle income countries-countries with a high incidence of absolute poverty. there was also a drop in non-agricultural output per capita.1991-92 was a year of industrial stagnation. Possibly there were adverse effects on rural welfare of changes in the composition of public spending, the recent financial crisis has damaged the reputation of macroeconomics, largely for its inability to predict the impending financial and economic crisis. The aim of this article is to shed light on the challenges that face monetary and fiscal policies during crises periods.

In India, women entry into business is a new phenomenon. In recent years the entrepreneurship has gained wide popularity on the whole globe. The rate of becoming entrepreneurs in women is more compared to men. The main objective of the study has been to understand the socioeconomic background of self employed women entrepreneurs, and factors influencing the personality traits in running their enterprises efficiently and profitably were considered for detailed analysis. The survey was carried out with 50 sample self employed women entrepreneurs who were selected according to convenience sampling method from Tirunelveli District. The data collected relate to the period August to December 2014. Data collected was tabulated and analysed by using simple percentages, chi-square test, Garret Ranking Technique, f test, standard deviation and probability analysis.

The global financial crisis, brewing for a while, really started to show its effects in the middle of 2007 and into 2008. Around the world stock markets have fallen large financial institutions have collapsed or been bought out and governments in even the wealthiest nations have had to come up with rescue packages to bail out their financial systems.This paper analyses the impact of the global financial crisis on Indian economy. The study argues the recession and the crisis in the world economy and effect of the crisis on the developing countries.So economy would not be safe from negative and destructive.However, this crisis contains opportunities for Indians economic potential, but it has threats to gradually bring the economy to a record.

The study into the effect of user groups of different types on the water quality of swimming pool was undertaken. Samples were taken from three locations, before and after swimming of user groups. The samples were analyzed for Chlorine, temperature, pH and electrical conductivity. Pre-swim habits of swimmers were also recorded. It is observed that free chlorine concentration increases during use of pool. There is steady increase in EC, but not significant change in pH and temperature.

The present study makes an attempt to cover the aspects, i.e., knowledge and utilization of reproductive health services in terms of place of delivery The overall target sample size’ for Karnataka was 4,000 eligible women. The data has been analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques, such as uni-variate biuariate and MultiMate analysis which lay the ground work for developing a model based on cultivate relationships which helps to come to some conclusion. The study found that there exists a considerable difference among the respondents in their knowledge and utilization of place of delivery services, with reference to their background (societal) characteristics.

The present paper highlights the agricultural development and challenges in India, which is the backbone of Indian financial system. Regarding 65% of Indian people depends openly on farming and it accounts for about 22% of GDP. It also derives its significance from the verity that it has imperative provide and demand links with the industrialized segment. Throughout, the earlier period, farming sector has observered impressive advances in the manufacture as well as efficiency of food grains, oilseeds, money-making crops, fruits, vegetables, food grains, poultry as well as dairy. India has come forward as the next major manufacturer of fruits as well as vegetables in the globe in adding to being the major overseas exporter of cashews as well as spices. Supplementary, India is the uppermost manufacturer of milk in the globe.

Service providers are lacking the ability to inventory their time and efforts to serve later, so underused capacity is to be strategically used to get the optimum results. Teachers can save their time and efforts after discharging the organizational duties in Bangladesh as the working time in offices are lesser than other professions and the students needs extra support from the teachers in exchange of extra payments. Besides, the teachers can be involved with other money generating activities to ensure optimization.

Kerala State Civil Supplies Corporation has been operating in the state since 1974 with the objective of engaging, promoting, improving, developing, counseling and financing production, purchase, storage, transport, distribution, and sale of food grains, food stuffs and any other commodities which the Government may consider as essential.

The cellular phone provides the users many facilities such as memory to store the important cellular phone numbers names and it also store the messages given by senders. The area of consumer behavior includes articles of both ultimate and industrial consumers.The former is the end-user of the product/service where as the later is only an intermediate user who adds further values to the product/service before it consumed by the end-user.

The Indian national movement was undoubtedly one of the biggest mass movements modern society has ever seen. It was a movement which galvanized millions of students of all classes and ideologies into political action and brought to its knees a mighty colonial empire. It is a historical truth that the freedom-fighting movement in Medinipur has earned a remarkable place in the history of Indian freedom-fighting movements. The success of the struggle was possible for the soil of Medinipur, including its geographic location, economic, social, and cultural lifestyle which is discussed earlier. Besides those, there were some other characteristics for which the spontaneous and unite mass-struggle was possible.

Wetlands are precious abode and support systems of varied faunal taxas. Shorebirds called waders are one of the important indicators of richness of the wetlands. Waders are become increasingly intolerant of even slight ecosystem disturbance. This research exercise is carried out for successive two years from June 2012 to June 2014 to study wader diversity in selected wetlands of Yavatmal district of central India.

Digital Institutional repository’ (IR) can be considered as the most innovative and creative representation of Library and Information Centre through which an academic and research institute showcases and shares its digital outputs. The various steps of building an IR can be sum up with planning, communication, defining repository services, collection building, website design and promotion. Librarian as a host of IR, should himself first learn copyright issues so that he can clearly define the legal obligations in content submissions and other related issues. To increase the use of IRs basically in India web 2.0 technologies should be integrated. IR is a boon for Libraries and a well planned IR may be the best medium to showcase and institute’s intellectual output.

Tourism has emerged as an instrument for employment generation, poverty alleviation and sustainable human development. Tourism promotes international understanding and gives support to local handicrafts and cultural activities. It is an important segment of the country’s economy, especially in terms of its contribution towards foreign exchange earnings, generation of additional income and Creation of employment opportunities. As per the estimates of Departments of Tourism this sector currently employs 4.2 million persons, 2.5 million directly and 1.7 million indirectly. The special feature of this employment is that it employs a large numbers of women and young persons and the network of hotels, restaurants and other tourism services are widely spread in the rural areas of the country. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the role of tourism sector in generating employment opportunities in India.

As like Agriculture which is considered as Backbone of Indian Economy, Teacher and his Teaching is always considered as Backbone for Developing India’s Tomorrow’s Leaders and Creating Good Citizens/Society. Teaching is Universaly considered as Divineful and a Teacher who teaches is always considered as Superior, Powerful and Determining Force in a Society / Nation. A Teacher is hence considered as a SECOND PARENT, as a child spends most of his/her valuable time during his/her childhood, teenage etc with his/her teacher next to their parents. Due to the above mentioned vital responsibility of teachers, which would in turn play a vital role not only in an individual’s personal life but also on a entire society, person who wants to choose teaching as his or her career is required to possess certain qualities in general and specific, must be aware about the essential roles and functions to be played by him as a Teacher .This article deals in detail about the “various roles of a Teacher”, the “most valuable qualities to become a successful teacher”, the “Roles for Teacher Leaders” etc. Also efforts have been taken by us to bring out the optimum justification to the chosen topic. Keywords :

Before the 1960s and 1970s period of the American Feminist movement, women had no separate identity from that of their husbands, deprived as they were of any legal or political rights. In the American capitalist, patriarchal system of the early twentieth century, marriage was the only way for women to secure financial stability for the future. The early twentieth century patriarchal ideas confined women to the domestic sphere. Hence the playwrights of this period portray women as passive, dependent and weak. Women are shown as committed to the service of the family in the traditional feminine nursing role.

In this paper, fuzzy assignment problem is solved by using Robust Ranking and Zero Suffix method in which the assignment costs are trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. In this method fuzzy assignment problem has been first transformed into crisp assignment problem using Robust’s ranking method and then solve it by using zero suffix method. This method requires least iterations to reach optimality as compaired to the existing methods available in the literature. Here a numerical example is solved to check the validity of the proposed method.

Present research study mainly highlights on investigating the frustration in secondary school teachers working in the residential and non-residential schools. A Reaction to Frustration Scale (RFS) developed by Dixit B. M. and Srivastava D. N. was used for collecting the data. The sample comprised of 80 secondary school teachers, out of them 40 teachers (20 male and 20 female) were from residential schools and 40 teachers (20 male and 20 female) were from non-residential schools selected randomly from secondary schools of Nasik District. The data was analyzed by using mean, standard deviation and t-value. The conclusion was that there is a significant difference in the frustration of male and female secondary school teachers working in the residential and non-residential schools.

This paper attempts to analyze the requirement of mid-day meal programme of students in the secondary schools in West Bengal. The study covers 80 students, 40 teachers of different secondary schools and 40 guardians in rural areas.The results of Chi-square(?2) test revealed that mid-day meal program is also required for the students of secondary level (9-10 ) in the Rural area secondary schools in West Bengal.

Increasing the agriculture production and raising the productivity of land, etc have been among the central aims of planning. Due to various development process taken by the government, tremendous changes have taken place in the village economy. Agriculture is no more a way of life but it has been slowly become a commercial profession for agriculturist. India has a diversified cropping pattern with considerable variation from region to region. The existing cropping pattern of the region may be the result of a number of ecological adjustments.

This paper is based on the Kos-Minars are medieval milestones that were made by the Mughal emperors between 1556 to 1707AD. “Kos” literally means a medieval measurement of distance and “Minar” is a word for tower. Such structure come draw attention to glory of Mughal empire administration. The Kos Minars present a great travel story and it would indeed be a worthwhile exercise to check their present status.Kos minar were used to mark the royal route. It interesting to note is that the modern highway is running almost on the same route as that of the Mughals empire.

District at a Glance The district is located in the southern part of Tamil Nadu and sourrended by Virudhunagar District on the north, Western Ghats on the West, Kanniyakumari District on the south, Tuticorin District on the East. The lifeline of the district river Tamiraparani feeds the district and quenches the thirst of residents of Tuticorin district too.

School leadership constitutes dynamic leaders who influence classroom teachers who are their immediate subordinates in school management system. The success or failure in school management mostly depends upon influence of school leadership on their subordinates .Effective communication with teachers, staff, students ,parents ,management and strong interpersonal relationship with all stakeholders are very important for school leadership has positive impact on attitude of school leadership therefore. Positive attitude is very important to perform an excellent professional development. Research in the field of impact of interpersonal skill on attitude development of the school leadership is very much limited. The total 76 senior secondary school Principals Participated in the study. In the present paper attempts made to study the relationship between interpersonal skill and attitude of teachers .Result of the analysis shows that good interpersonal skills has and positive attitude must be maintained for efficient school leadership It is essentials to have strong interpersonal relationship for school leadership.

The synthetic dye industries are most polluting industries in modern days. The dyes, use of chlorine for bleaching, caustic soda for scoring and heavy metal salts for mordent are main causes of the pollution. The synthetic dyes can be replaced by the natural plant based dyes, scoring can be done by soft soaps mixed with natural surfactants, chlorine for bleaching is replaced by hydrogen peroxide and metal mordents are replaced or minimized by use of enzymes. The enzymes are extracted from natural sources to make the process economical. The present work deals with the dying of cotton and silk using plant based dyes as pomegranate, babool and Manjishtha. The enzymes used are Amylase, cellulase, protease and pectinase. Dye uptake and fastness study has also been carried out.

Present study entitled ‘A Study of Students’ Performance about the Subject Content in view of Thinking Skills Approach’ has been carried out on experimrntal and control groups of students of Classes I-V to examine their performances in respect to content of Hindi, English, EVS and Mathematics subjects. Teachers of experimrntal group (EG) were oriented regarding the use of instructional materials, innovative instructional strategies and assessment techniques to monitor thinking skills of the students of Classes I-V. Audio-video recording of the teachers transacting innovative approaches in the classrooms of experimrntal group and students working outside the classroom was done. Research tools were administered on the students of both the groups in respect to Hindi, English, EVS and Mathematics subjects for Classes I-V. Analysis of the data collected shows performance of students of experimental group is better as compared to their counter part i.e. students of control group.

The Concepts of state and trait Anxiety: State Anxiety (A state) may be conceptualized as a transitory emotional, state or conditional of the human organize that various in intensity and sluctclaes over time this condition is characterized by subjective consciously perceived feelings of lesion and apprehension.

India has emerged as 2nd largest country having 2/3rd population as youngsters between the age group of 18-35 years. The challenge of providing job or an employment to this big lot is itself a complex process. An innovative & new idea in making a promisingly self-sustainable growth is a big task ahead. The highest priority has been given by the various departments in government sectors to promote the number of young entrepreneurs. But even CSIR, UGC & similar other organizations like IIT, IIM have promoted Entrepreneurship programme on pilot basis in their curriculum.

The Mangala sutta that the Gotama Buddha preached not only will benefit in the life; it will benefit them for all the future lives to come. Its reasonable system is capable for brining peace and comfort to all who follow his Dhamma. Buddhists who are subject to the woes of in his modern day society will find the system so pleasing, acceptable and comforting to any one taste and mood there are recipes for every occasion that people face in their daily lives. His Dhamma shows proper way for everybody to follow.

Hiri and Ottappa protect you from immoralities putting restraints on son from misconduct with mother as well as on brother from committing sin with sister. They are regarded, therefore as two great guardians of the world (Lokapala Dhamma) protecting you from immoralities. So they are pure and wholesome ideals, known as Sukka Dhamma. These two Dhamma keep human beings in moral discipline and moral restraint that distinguish them from animals. Without hiri and ottappa, mankind will sink into evil depths and be reduced to the state of animals.

In this modern world, the administrative system that causes harm and suffering for the human world is dictatorship. At the same time, revolutionary have occurred in parts of the world. And revolution concept and principles come up after them. In this title, early political principles of Buddhism and ten duties of king could be found as Buddhist political principles against dictatorship.

Service providers are lacking the ability to inventory their time and efforts to serve later, so underused capacity is to be strategically used to get the optimum results. Teachers can save their time and efforts after discharging the organizational duties in Bangladesh as the working time in offices are lesser than other professions and the students needs extra support from the teachers in exchange of extra payments. Besides, the teachers can be involved with other money generating activities to ensure optimization.

This basically means that each and every one of us can do something to protect our environment but of course, global actions are the ones that would help our environment the most. The general opinion is that our environment is in the constant state of degradation due to so many different environmental problems (climate change, all forms of pollution, deforestation, biodiversity loss, etc). The scientists have been issuing warnings about the negative state of our environment for quite some time but unfortunately world leaders do not listen to science and global action to protect our environment from further degradation still looks like mission impossible.

This paper present to study of Physico-chemical parameters of Manihari river in Takhatpur, Bilaspur District Chhattisgarh. Monthly change in Physical and Chemical Parameters such as water Temperature, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solid, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Total Hardness, Chloride, Alkalinity, Phosphate and Nitrates. Were analyzed for a period of Six month from September 2014 to February 2015.All parameters were within the permissible limits. The result indicate that the River is Non-Polluted and can be used for domestic and irrigation purpose.

The Pandharpur is a famous for faivourite deity Lord Vitthala. Lakhs of warkaries ( Pilgrims ) from Maharashtras Various regions arrive in Pandharpur on the occasions of Ashadhi , Kartiki , Maghi and Chitriwaries ( Pilgrimage ).The warkariescomming to Pandharpur during the wari ( Pilgrimage ) period for VitthalasDarshan make purchase of commdities like kum-kum , Prasad , Agarbatties , Pooja articles , Religious books , Musical instruments , Portraits of Lord Vitthala , Tulshimalaits called waricommodities.Thesewari commodities purchased by the warkaries.