In this paper the solubilities of the amino acid, DL-α-amino butyric acid (Aba) were measured in aqueous solution with various sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations. The solubilities were measured by ‘formol titrimetry’ method in the temperature range from 288.15 to 308.15 K. The standard transfers Gibbs energies and entropies have been evaluated for Aba from water to aqueous mixture of NaCl solution at 298.15 K. The chemical effects of the transfer Gibbs energies ( ( ) 0 , G i Δ t ch ), as obtained by subtracting theoretically computed ( ) 0 G i Δ t due to cavity and dipole-dipole interactions effects from the total transfer free energies, ( ) 0 G i Δ t . Again ( ) 0 , S i ΤΔ t ch have been evaluated after elimination of cavity effect and dipole-dipole interaction effects from total transfer ( ( ) 0 T S i Δ t ) entropies. The various solvent parameters as well as thermodynamic parameters like molar volume, densities, dipole moment and solvent diameter of aqueous solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) have also been reported here. The results show that the solubility is affected by the electrolyte. The solvation chemistry of Aba is guided here by different types of interactions.

Densities, Speed of sound and viscosity values are measured in binary liquid mixtures containing o-anisidine with o-cresol at temperatures 303.15.15K, 308.15, 313.15K, 318.15K over the entire mole fraction range. These values are used to measure various parameters like enthalpy, H, internal pressure, π, and by using these various excess parameters like excess enthalpy, HE excess internal pressure, π E excess speed of sound, uE and excess viscosity,η E values are calculated. The results are explained in the light of molecular interactions.

Aniline has been copolymerized in the presence of substituted aniline as comonomer to prepare conducting copolymer of poly(aniline-co-o-methoxyaniline) type via. the chemical oxidation polymerization route. The chemical structure and conducting behaviour are studied by means of Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and two-probe conductivity method. The conductivity of emeraldine salt form of poly(anilineco- o-methoxyaniline) is 2.23x10-4 S cm-1 and energy band gap is 0.2185 eV.

The present investigation was carried out during Jun-July 2013, to analysed the water quality for the ground water of Basti Sadar block of district Basti, U.P. India. Total ten numbers of ground water samples were collected from different locations of the block and analysed for the various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, fluoride, Total Hardness, Chloride, Nitrate, Iron and Free Chlorine. The results were also compared with WHO, BIS and ICMR standards. The analysis reveals that most of the parameter are found under permissible limit but some are exceeds the maximum permissible limit of WHO and other standards.

The ultrasonic velocity (U),density (ρ) and coefficient of viscosity(η) of the ternary mixture of mixture of dimethyl acetamide in acetone and isobutyl methyl ketone at frequencies 2MHZ, 4MHZ, 6MHZ AND 8MHZ have been measured at temperature 308K. Adiabatic compressibility (Ks), intermolecular free length (Lf), free volume (Vf), internal pressure (πi) and their respective excess values have been computed for entire range of mole fraction and are interpreted to explain molecular interaction occurring in the liquid mixture. Relaxation time (τ), excess enthalpy (HE ) and absorption coefficient (α/f2 ) have been calculated and discussed. The negative excess values of coefficient of viscosity η E indicate the presence dispersion, induction and dipolar forces in ternary liquid mixture.the negative values of excess adiabatic compressibility Ks E , excess free length Lf E , excess free volume Vf E and excess enthalpy HE and the positive values of excess internal pressure πi E indicate the presence of specific interactions in the ternary liquid mixture.

Highly transparent and conducting cadmium oxide thin films were deposited on glass substrates by a simplified spray technique using perfume atomizer. The films were prepared with different molar concentrations of cadmium acetate. The effect of molar concentration on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties was studied. XRD analysis showed that the films exhibit cubic crystal structure with (1 1 1) preferred orientation. With higher solution concentration, the orientation changes to (2 0 0) plane. A slight angle shift of 0.03º to 0.22º for the (1 1 1) peak and a shift of 0.003º to 0.015º for the (2 0 0) peak was observed in the films as the molar concentration changes from 0.025M – 0.1M. The film surface modifies, with grains taking different forms with increased molar concentration.

A microwave-promoted new easy, efficient, clean and environmentally benign method for the synthesis of 1,7- naphthyridineand its derivatives from 2-cyano-3- pyridylacetonitrile has been developed. The desired products were isolated in excellent yields and high purity under eco-friendly conditions. The synthesized compounds were characterized by the IR, UV-Visible and 1 H NMR spectral analyses along with elemental analysis.

The absorption fluorescence FT-IR and SEM charcecteristics of 4- nitro benzoic acid (4–NBA) and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (3,5–DNBA) have been investigated for different concentration of α–Cyclodextrin ( α-CD) . The inclusion processes are discussed based on absorption, emission, FT– IR spectroscopy and SEM studies. The absorption and emission studies show that carbonyl group is deeply entrapped in the α-Cyclodextrin cavity and NO2 group is entrapped in the upper rim of the α-Cyclodextrin . The higher formation constant value for 4- NBA proves that 4-NBA included deeply in the α-Cyclodextrin cavity than 3, 5-DNBA . Lower formation constant value suggest that Intramolecular hydrogen bonding and steric hindrance are present in 3, 5-DNBA. Change in the IR frequency shows that both 4-NBA and 3, 5-DNBA are included in the α-Cyclodextrin cavity. Benesi – Hildebrand plot confirmed that 1:1 stoichiometric ratio was present in the inclusion complex. SEM study cleared shows the morphological difference in the inclusion complex.

The addition of inorganic nanoparticles to polymers allows the modification of the polymer physical properties as well as the implementation of new features in the polymer matrix. Thin films of pure Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) and PVA mixed with 4 %, 8 % & 12 % by weight of Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NP) were prepared by spin coating technique. The average size of Fe2O3 nanoparticles were 30nm – 40 nm. Structural, Optical and Morphological properties of the prepared nanocomposite films were studied by using Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectrophotometer,(FTIR) Ultra Violet Visible Spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The peaks in FTIR spectra of the prepared films show interaction between PVA and NP. Film of PVA with 8% concentration of NP was found to be better than other prepared samples. There is a decrease in optical band gap of prepared films with increase in concentration of NP. Morphological studies using AFM shows uniform grain structures of pure PVA and change in surface morphology with addition of NP. RMS roughness of PVA decreases with addition of 4 % and 8 % concentration of NP which could be due to more nucleation sites produced by NP. However RMS roughness of PVA increases for 12 % concentration of NP as compared to pure PVA. This could be due to agglomeration of NP. Key words: , ,

In this study, un-doped GaAs were uniformly implanted with 325 keV Mn+ ions for the various fluences varying from 1x 1015 to 2 x 1016 ions cm-2 using 1.7 MV Tandetron accelerator at IGCAR, Kalpakkam. RBS technique was used for their characterization and was found to decrease in scattering yield between the channel numbers 650 to 750 with falling edge showed reduction in the volume concentration of the GaAs due to the presence of implanted manganese ions in the region. UV-VIS-NIR spectra of nonimplanted and samples implanted for various fluences ranging from 1 x 1015 to 2 x 1016 ions cm-2 were performed in the spectral region 150 nm to 3300 nm. The values of the absorption coefficient of Mn+ ion implanted GaAs samples estimated from the transmission spectra were found to increase with ion fluence. The increase in absorbance with respect to ion fluence indicates the increase in defects and disorder in the ion implanted layers. The band gap energy of the samples implanted with the fluence of 1 x 1015, 5 x 1015, 1 x 1016 and 2 x 1016 ions cm-2 estimated from the 2 versus photon energy curve were found to be 1.370, 1.332, 1.323 and 1.309 eV respectively.