The aim of this study was modeling of ambient air pollutants through ANN in industrial area of Ujjain city in India and the study was carried out on modeling of air pollutants like SPM and RSPM using Artificial Neural Network. Artificial neural networks (ANN), whose performances to deal with pattern recognition problems is well known, are proposed to identify air pollution sources. The ANN system was run by giving the inputs of meteorological data’s and giving the outputs of concentration of various pollutants and accordingly the estimation of Errors was done by this study. The monthly data’s in year from 2009 -2012 of meteorological data’s like Temperature, Humidity, wind pressure and rainfall and the pollutants concentration were collected from the State Pollution Control Board. The ANN system used, as shown in figure 1, analyses all these data’s and finds the error coming during the experiment. The study estimated the Mean Square Error (MSE) from the inputs and outputs which were given to ANN in the industrial area of Ujjain City in India was found satisfactory being in the range of 0.001-0.003. The results shown here indicate that the neural network techniques can be useful tool in the hands of practitioners of air quality management and prediction. The models studied in this study are easily implemented, and they can deliver prediction in real time, unlike other modeling techniques.

Advanced Oxidation Processes have proved their superiority over the conventional techquines in decolorizing the dye waste water due to their ability to produce highly reactive . OH radicals. The decolorization of aqueous solutions of Malachite Green dye is studied using photo Fenton’s process which involves hydrogen peroxide and Fe2+ in presence of UV radiations. The combination of UV radiations with Fenton’s reagent has found to enhance the rate and extent of decolorization of dye solution which may be due to the production of additional . OH radicals by multiple pathways. Additional equivalent of . OH radicals are formed due to photolytic conversion of Fe3+(produced due to reaction of H2O2 with Fe2+ ions) to Fe2+.The dye degradation using this technique has been found to be governed by the factors like initial dye concentration, quantity of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ion and the intensity of radiation. The Photo-Fenton-Reaction has many advantages like comparatively low doses of Fe2+, higher rate of degradation, lower operational cost etc. as compared to classical Fenton-Reaction. Keywords : A.O.P., photolysis, dye degradation, photo Fenton’s process.

Most heavy metals are well-known toxic and carcinogenic agents and when discharged into the wastewater represent a serious threat to the human population and the fauna and flora the receiving water bodies. Microalgae culture offers an interesting step for wastewater treatments, because they provide a tertiary biological treatment coupled with the production of potentially valuable biomass, which can be used for several purposes. Microalgae cultures offer an elegant solution to tertiary and quandary treatments due to the ability of microalgae to use of cell wall biosorption mechanism. Their capacity to remove heavy metals is also affected by pre-treatment of biomass, surrounding condition such as pH, light intensity, temperature and biotic factors. In the current review we will highlight on the role of micro-algae in the treatment of wastewater.

In the work iodine amount in vegetative and generative organs of medicinal plants Berberis Vulgaris L. and Xanthium Strumarium L. has been studied by ion chromatography. It was found that iodine amount in stalk of Berberis Vulgaris L. by 3 times and in leaf by 23 times less than that in root, and in fruit it makes 6,2±0,5 mg. It was revealed that in root, stalk and leaf of Xanthium Strumarium L. iodine amount is almost the same (677,8±39,4), and in fruit – 80 % (540,4±28,4) of vegetative organs.

Adsorption of Nickel(II) ion onto Activated Carbon prepared from Delonix regia pods activated with Zinc chloride (DRZAC) under various experimental conditions were studied. Batch mode adsorption experiments were conducted. The characteristics of the DRZAC were determined by SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET analysis and pHZPC. The maximum removal efficiency of Ni(II) ion is 85% at pH 6. Under the chosen conditions, Experimental data obtained were fitted with linearised forms of Legergren and Ho kinetic models. The Sum of Error Squares Percentage (SSE %) for first order and second order kinetics were 1.56 & 0.72 respectively. Thus this adsorption followed second order kinetics. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed with four isotherm models. Order of best fitting isotherm models were found to be Freundlich >Tempkin >Langmuir >Dubinin Raduskevich. The results in this study indicated that DRZAC could be employed as an adsorbent for the removal of Ni(II) ion from an aqueous solution.

A series of hydrazide Schiff’s bases were synthesized from different types of hydrazides and aldehydes, which were characterized through IR, LCMS, 1 H and 13C NMR spectral studies. The synthesized pure compounds were screened for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The S4 and S5 samples showed good antibacterial activity and maximum zone of inhibition of 18 mm and 12 mm against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively at 0.6 mg/disc concentration. S4 and S6 showed appreciable activity towards antioxidant DPPH and ABTS assay. Because of the biological activity of hydrazide Schiff’s bases, they became important in medicinal chemistry.

Ethyl-2-cynao3-phenyl acrylate (ECPA) used as an intermediate for the production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals was synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation of benzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetate using Zn2+Thomsonite, Mg2+Thomsonite and H-Thomsonite Zeolite as a solid acid catalyst. Thomsonite was synthesized in the laboratory by hydrothermal method, after dealumination and calcinations; the sample was characterized by different techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Effect of various reaction parameters such as reaction time, molar ratio of reactants, and weight of catalyst and reaction temperature were studied to optimize the reaction conditions. The optimum condition for the synthesis of Ethyl-2-cynao3-phenyl acrylate (ECPA) was found at benzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetate molar ratio 1:1 using 0.1g of the catalyst at 1400C. The product was analyzed by Gas Chromatography and. The conversion of benzaldehyde to (ECPA) was found to be 50.7% in case of H-Thomsonite, 40.8% Zn2+Thomsonite and 45.6% Mg2+Thomsonite.

An attempt has been made to study the effect of inorganic matter on the dielectric properties of soil, at microwave frequency. Dielectric constant (ε’) and dielectric loss (ε’’) of different soils with increasing percentage of inorganic matter (calcium carbonate) are measured with S-band setup at 3.0 GHz. These measurements are carried out using Infinite sample method at room temperature. The value of dielectric constant (ε’) and dielectric loss (ε’’) increases with increase in percentage of calcium carbonate in soils. This data is used to determine the electrical conductivity and relaxation time. The result shows the remarkable variations in electrical properties of soils with addition of calcium carbonate. The measured values of dielectric properties of soils are in good agreement with earlier reported work. These parameters are useful for researchers working in the field of agriculture.

2-amino-4,6-diethyl-5-(4’-sulphonamoyl)azopyrimidines were synthesized by condensation of 2-(4’-sulphonamoyl)hydrazono-3,5-heptanedione with Guanidine Nitrate in the molar ratio 0.01M yield the corresponding synthesized compounds respectively. The following sulpha drugs viz. (Sulphanilamide, Sulphaguanidine, Sulphadiazine Sulphadimidine, Sulphathiazole and Sulphapyridine etc.) were used in this synthesis. The structure of synthesized compounds was elucidated by elemental analyses, UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H, NMR and mass spectrometry and purity of newly synthesized compounds were checked by TLC.The New products have been assessed for antifungal and antibacterial activities against certain microorganism.

Indole–tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives based on homoveratrilamine and 3-indolylacetic acid by the Bischler-Napieralski reaction have been obtained and their structures were confirmed by IR and NMR spectra.

The study of structural interactions by means of molar volume have received vital importance in physical chemistry. The apparent and partial molar volume of electrolytic solutions have proven to be a very useful tool in elucidating the solute-solute, solutesolvent and solvent-solvent interactions occurring in solution 1-5. In present investigation the molar volumes of non-electrolytes (Glucose as a bio molecule) in solution found little and nearly linear with concentration6. Key words: , , alcohol, , etc. Introd

Eugenol is one of the important constituents in various spices such as clove, cinnamon, nutmeg, tulsi oils which are widely used as flavouring agents in foods and beaverages. In this study, a simple, sensitive and precise reversed- phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed, validated and used for quantitative determination of eugenol from the methanolic extracts of spices viz, dried bud powder of clove, bark powder of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, leaves powder of Cinnamomum tamala, seed powder of Myristica fragrans and leaves powder of Ocimum sanctum. The soxhlet extraction method was used for the extraction of these compounds. The reverse – phase HPLC analysis was carried out using C₁₈ (150mm x 4.6mm, 5 µm) column and a mobile phase comprising of methanol : acetonitrile : water in the volume ratio of ( 10 : 50 : 40 ) which was obtained by trial and error method at a flow rate of 0.7 cm³/min in an isocratic system. This method was developed for both standard eugenol and eugenol present in methanolic extracts of various spices. The detection and quantitation of both compounds was carried out at 280 nm.

Most heavy metals are well-known toxic and carcinogenic agents and when discharged into the wastewater represent a serious threat to the human population and the fauna and flora the receiving water bodies. Microalgae culture offers an interesting step for wastewater treatments, because they provide a tertiary biological treatment coupled with the production of potentially valuable biomass, which can be used for several purposes. Microalgae cultures offer an elegant solution to tertiary and quandary treatments due to the ability of microalgae to use of cell wall biosorption mechanism. Their capacity to remove heavy metals is also affected by pre-treatment of biomass, surrounding condition such as pH, light intensity, temperature and biotic factors. In the current review we will highlight on the role of micro-algae in the treatment of wastewater.

Binding studies were carried out as a function of the concentration of NH4Cl, (C2H5)4NI and (C4H9)4NI at room temperature and change in absorbance were taken at 520nm with a UV – visible spectrophotometer. It was found that the higher the concentration of the substrate the greater the binding constants. Consequently, the higher the hydrophobicity of the substrate the lower the binding constant in the case of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, CTAB and the reverse for sodium dodecyl sulphate, SDS surfactant. The binding constants were determined by employing double reciprocal plot. Binding is attributed to ydrophobic/electrostatic interaction between the Iron(II) complex and the surfactants.

In the work iodine amount in vegetative and generative organs of medicinal plants Berberis Vulgaris L. and Xanthium Strumarium L. has been studied by ion chromatography. It was found that iodine amount in stalk of Berberis Vulgaris L. by 3 times and in leaf by 23 times less than that in root, and in fruit it makes 6,2±0,5 mg. It was revealed that in root, stalk and leaf of Xanthium Strumarium L. iodine amount is almost the same (677,8±39,4), and in fruit – 80 % (540,4±28,4) of vegetative organs.