n recent times, peri-urban land use planning is challenging in contemporary urbanization in sub-Saha-ran Africa in general and in Ethiopia in particular. This study analyzes peri-urban informal land market and tenure security status and its implications in peri-urban land use planning around Gondar city of Ethiopia. It uses primary data collected through household survey, field observation and key informant interviews, which are complemented by secondary data from national legal and policy documents, and regional and city administration reports. The analysis utilizes descriptive statistics and chi-square test. The result showed that a plot acquisition from peri-urban areas passes through its own stages, which mainly start to identify a plot for sale, and ends with the confirmation of letter of agreement signed by transacting parties without legal ground to do so. It also indicated the main actors (land brokers, local peri-urban landholders, social and religious relations) in the peri-urban informal land market, traditional social institutions (Idir, equb etc) played a significant role in processing peri-urban informal settlements, and stabilizing land related conflicts by social sanctions.

The study of the media’s relation with the political system is a burgeoning area of inquiry in compar-ative media studies. It is widely argued that a free media system independent of political interference is vital for flourishment of democracy. However, politicians in different parts of the world try to control the media. A symbiotic relationship between media and politics is hard to find in young democracies. Even though many studies have focused on Ethiopian media and Ethiopian politics, only few of them have looked at the links between the two: especially in the context of TPLF/EPRDF’s revolutionary democracy ideology. Thus, this article aims to bridge the apparent gaps by examining the interactions between media and politics from May 1991 up-to April 2018- at the peak time of the Marxist-Leninist inclined political ideology. By using in-depth interviews and consulting different documentary sources, this study concludes that the relation between media and politics during TPLF/EPRDF’s revolutionary democracy has been chaotic. The nature of the media landscape has been marked by unstable envi-ronment, lack of professionalization, low media freedom and significant polarization. This precarious media environment seems to be influenced by the ideals of revolutionary democracy that aspires to monopolize vanguardism and hegemonic power by marginalizing oppositional views. Any party that follows this type of ideology tends to see media institutions as a threat to its existence. In this conun-drum, media outlets failed playing impartial roles as ombudsman on the government.

Lake Tana is the largest fresh water lake in Ethiopia affected by anthropogenic activities. This study was designed to assess human impacts on water quality of Lake Tana using some physicochemical parameters. The study was taken in five study areas and 11 sampling sites. The sites were selected based on the impact levels to compare with the reference site as a control based on the international standard selection criteria, APHA (American Public Health Association). The analytical results param-eters selected in the study area indicated were Temperature (To) (21.93OC), pH (7.310), EC (electrical conductivity) (157.0µS/cm), BOD5 (biological oxygen demand) (22.30mg/l), COD (chemical oxygen de-mand) (311.2mg/l), TSS (total suspended solids) (0.5mg/l) and TDS (total dissolved solids) (78.6mg/l). The values of the analyzed parameters showed significant variation among the wet and dry seasons than among different locations (P<0.05). Strong positive correlations are observed between Tempera-ture with EC and BOD5, EC with BOD, COD and TDS, BOD with COD and TDS at the p<0.01. Therefore, the lake water was very poor and unfit for drinking due to human induced pollution and it requires treatment before use.

Job satisfaction is very essential not only for workers but also for the success of the organization. The significance of job satisfaction in the achievement of organizational goals in higher education institu-tions, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, as well in Ethiopia has remained unexplored by advanced sta-tistical model. The objective of the study was to identify determinant factors that affect the satisfaction level of academic staffs of the federal universities found in Amhara region. The study considered seven Amhara state universities. A sample of 620 academic staffs have participated in the study and strati-fied sampling techniques were used. The sample was allocated for each university based on their aca-demic staff number. A cross-sectional survey design through self-administered questionnaire was im-plemented to gather information from the respondent. Ordinal logistic model was used to identify major determinant factors that affect job satisfaction of academic staffs. Academic staff’s age, gender, place of birth, leadership position, level of responsibility, advancement (promotion), salary, working condi-tion, nature of work, turnover intention and status of the university were found to be the determining factors affecting level of job satisfaction. From the total respondents, about 35% were strongly dissat-isfied and dissatisfied on their job while about 38.5% of the respondents did have an intention to leave their uuniversity searching for other jobs. The overall data suggest that the universities’ management provide greater financial benefits to create supportive organizational culture. The designing of viable HR strategies, better infrastructure, flexible working conditions, fostering team unity and better rules and policies would make academic staffs enjoy the maximum advantage of working for universities.

Substance abuse has become one of the most pressing mental health issues. The dramatic increase in drug production and trafficking in recent years has caused a growing number of drug abusers. The purpose of this study was to assess family relationship dimensions and repeated relapse due to substance induced disorder among patients who use substance in Addis Ababa mental health service centers. Questionnaire and key informant interview were used to collect data from participants. Data were collected from seventy patients with substance induced disorder, attending treatment at Amman-uael Specialized Mental Health Hospital, Yeka-kotebe General Mental Health Hospital, and Zewuditu Memorial Hospital. The results indicated high degree of relapse of substance triggered disorder due to their consumption of Khat, Alcohol, and Tobacco. Multiple linear regression results indicated that fam-ily relationship dimensions (hostility, emotion over-involvement and perceived criticism) significantly predicted 50.8 % of the variance in repeated relapse of substance related disorder (R2= .508, F = (12, 851) = 3. 565, p< .000. Hostility (ß = .352, p= 0.02) and emotional over involvement (ß =.406, p= 0.01) were significant predictors of repeated relapse of substance use prompted disorders. This implies that hostility and emotional over involvement are positively associated to relapse of substance use generat-ed disorders. Therefore, psychiatrists, counselors and hospital managers should give due emphasis to the role of family relationship so as to design pertinent intervention strategies.

The fundamental subject of morality is wellbeing; one’s own wellbeing and the wellbeing of others if possible. This happens when an experience of well-being regularly coincides with another experience ‘X’, hence, there shall be a sensible assumption that we will develop a metaphor with the form of Moral-ity is ‘X’). Then, it follows that every thought and act is moral and virtuous as long as it ensures one’s own wellbeing and the wellbeing of others, given the standard with which we measure things as moral or otherwise is protection of wellbeing by any means possible. Accordingly, the researcher investigated how Biruk Kebede uniquely portrayed Rosy (an Ethiopian emigrant in Bremen, Germany) in his novel. Consequently, this study found out that Rosy is exceptionally represented as a Violent, defiant and determinative woman in contrary to the submissive behavior of women in Ethiopia and their usual por-trayal in the work of arts as beautiful, emotional and irrational beings.