This Study has been under taken to Assess the knowledge regarding mental illness among rural adults at Bhojpur Farrukhabad. A descriptive Design was adopted for this study. 70 samples participated in assessing the knowledge regarding mental illness among rural adults. To find the level of knowledge among rural adults chi square method was used. Findings reveals that majority of rural adults had average knowledge 71.6 and 32.7 with good knowledge. Ms. Rachana Yadav | Angel Massey | Swapnil Verma | Pooja Rajput | Jatan Kumar "A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Mental Illness among Rural Adults at Bhojpur Farrukhabad (Uttar Pradesh)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76197.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/76197/a-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-regarding-mental-illness-among-rural-adults-at-bhojpur-farrukhabad-uttar-pradesh/ms-rachana-yadav

The “smart workplace” is said to be a strategy to improve the working environment in a company or organization, to designate the new ways of organizing work, linked to the development of telecommuting and the hybrid office. The smart workplace concept is part of the more global notion of the “modern workplace.” This forms a dynamic and supportive environment that aims to make the most of human capital in a quickly evolving world of work, responding to a global trend towards increased mobility and flexibility. During the pandemic, this has been present but the trend is now accelerating and has even opened the way to new hybrid modes of work. In general, a smart workplace or intelligent workplace makes use of technology to connect and engage employees with their work environment, whatever it may be on site or remote work . In this case, workplaces are adapted to new ways of working by the use of technology and in particular digital tools. This paper presents the challenges, solutions, and benefits of smart workplace. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Smart Workplace" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76192.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76192/smart-workplace/matthew-n-o-sadiku

China is developing maglev trains that can travel at speeds of up to 1,000 km h 621 mph . The trains make use of magnetic levitation to float above the ground, eliminating the need for wheels and brakes which could revolutionize travel in China. Some of the features are its speed, technology, light weight, and being environmentally friendly. Some examples are the Shanghai maglev train with the maximum cruising speed of 300 km h 186 mph , and the Vacuum tube maglev train with the speed of 623 kph in tests. The high speed rail HSR network in the People’s Republic of China PRC is the world’s longest and most extensively used. The HSR network encompasses newly built rail lines with a design speed of 200 380 km h 120 240 mph . The benefits include shortened travel times, improved safety and better facilitation of tourism, labor and mobility, as well as reducing highway congestion, accidents and greenhouse emissions as some automobile travelers switch from car use to rail. This leads to an estimated net benefit of approximately 378 billion, with an annual return on investment of 6.5 . This paper looks at the pros, cons, and the benefits of maglev trains in China. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Maglev Trains in China" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76258.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76258/maglev-trains-in-china/paul-a-adekunte

Monopoly is an inevitable result of the high concentration of production in free competition. The Anti Monopoly Law aims to regulate such a monopolistic state of highly concentrated economic power. However, in order to better develop the socialist market economy and form a modern economic society with both efficiency and fairness, Chinas Anti Monopoly Law also has an exemption system, which gives preferential treatment to some monopolistic behaviors of undertakings. Therefore, this paper takes the exemptions of monopoly agreements and concentrations of undertakings as examples to study and explore the characteristics and existing problems of the exemption system in Chinas Anti Monopoly Law, and further points out the development direction and improvement measures, hoping to establish a more perfect exemption system. Guo Zimo "On the Exemption System in Chinas Anti-Monopoly Law: Taking the Exemptions of Monopoly Agreements and Concentrations of Undertakings as Examples" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76195.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/economics/76195/on-the-exemption-system-in-chinas-antimonopoly-law-taking-the-exemptions-of-monopoly-agreements-and-concentrations-of-undertakings-as-examples/guo-zimo

Todays supply chains are shaped by technologies that revolutionize efficiency, transparency, and decision making. The rapid evolution of technology in the supply chain industry has transformed how businesses operate. New technologies that turn raw data into information and knowledge are changing the way the firms operate. Emerging technologies in supply chain include artificial intelligence, robotic automation, drones, big data, 3D printing, the Internet of things IoT , blockchain, and predictive analytics. These technologies are improving supply chain efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing customer experience. The global supply chain is continually evolving to keep up with the current eras frenetic technical breakthroughs. This paper highlights the challenges and barriers in the adoption of emerging technologies in the supply chain industry. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Emerging Technologies in the Supply Chain Industry" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76191.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76191/emerging-technologies-in-the-supply-chain-industry/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Azadirachta indica, commonly known as Neem, has been a cornerstone of traditional medicine for centuries. In homoeopathy, its extracts are utilized to treat a wide range of health issues, from skin conditions and infections to inflammatory diseases and digestive disorders. This article delves into the homoeopathic applications of Azadirachta indica, exploring its historical significance, pharmacological properties, and clinical uses. We examine the remedys efficacy in addressing various symptoms and conditions, including acne, fever, arthritis, and parasitic infestations etc. By shedding light on the therapeutic potential of Azadirachta indica, this article aims to promote a deeper understanding of its benefits and encourage further research into its homoeopathic applications. Dr. Krupali Patel | Dr. Shailendra Bhamar | Dr. Hitarth Mehta "Healing with Neem : Unlocking the Power of Azadirachta Indica in Homoeopathy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76183.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/76183/healing-with-neem--unlocking-the-power-of-azadirachta-indica-in-homoeopathy/dr-krupali-patel

E Gas Rescuer and Notifier Aparna Mahakal | Rahul Sawant "E Gas Rescuer and Notifier" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76240.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/realtime-computing/76240/e-gas-rescuer-and-notifier/aparna-mahakal

A study was conducted to evaluate the adaptation and growth performance of four agroforestry tree species at Fedis and Meta districts, East Hararghe Zone, oromia for four years June 2018 June 2022 . Four multipurpose tree species Moringa stenophatala, Acacia albida, Acacia saligna and Casuirina equistifolia were tested in RCBD design with three replications. Data on growth parameters, plant height, survival rate and diameter were measured and recorded at interval of three months .Results revealed that there were highly significant p 0.05 variations among tree species in survival rate.. Among the species tasted, A. saligna, M. stenophatala, and A. albida, showed the highest performance followed by C. equistifolia in terms survival rate at Fedis condition. While M. stenophatala showed poor survival rate at the Meta condition. Poor survival rate might be attributed to the climate, soil type and agro ecology of the study area. Concerning of plant height, root collar diameter and DBH, A. saligna and C. equistifolia were showed good performance followed by M. stenophatala but A. albida were shoed poor performance at Fedis area. A. saligna and C. equistifolia were showed good performance in height growth, followed by A. albida and M. stenophatala at Meta site. A. saligna, A.albida, and C.equistifolia howed the highest mean survival rate at the study area. Hence it can be inferred that the conditions of Fedis and Meta matched with the environmental requirement of those tree species. On the other hand, species of M. stenophatala showed lowest performance at the Meta area. Accordingly, those tree species which had better performance were recommended for further demonstration in the study area and similar agro ecologies. Therefore planting of these better performing tree species and promotion as agroforestry practices were recommended for soil conservation, shading, and fuel wood and in general multifunction purposes in the area. Bira Cheneke | Musa Abdella | Robe Elema "Adaptation and Growth Performance of Selected Agroforestry Tree Species Under Fedis and Metta District Condition, East Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd75126.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/75126/adaptation-and-growth-performance-of-selected-agroforestry-tree-species-under-fedis-and-metta-district-condition-east-hararghe-zone-oromia-ethiopia/bira-cheneke

Among several agroforestry practices in Fedis District, East Hararghe zone, Parkland agroforestry practices are common. However, the beneficial effect of tree species on the grain yield and above ground biomass of Sorghum is very scarce to be used for improved agricultural productivity in the study area. The study was conducted with the objectives of investigating the effect of parkland trees on the grain yield and above ground biomass of Sorghum within and outside the trees canopy as influenced by the tree species in Fedis District, Oromia, Ethiopia. Accordingly, six isolated and nearly similar F. albida and C. africana trees of each species growing on similar site conditions were selected and the canopy coverage of each tree was divided into four radial transects. Radial distance based sorghum yield and biomass under the canopy, edge to canopy, and far from canopy was used and composite Sorghum yield and biomass samples from three horizontal distances were collected for analysis. Three plots from the tree trunk were established for assessing the sorghum yields and above ground biomass. The result show that the highest values of sorghum grain yield were 2089.51 and 1789.53 kg ha 1 under F. albida and C. africana respectively at the distance of 2.5 m away from the tree trunks and these values decreased to 1459.40 and 1266.01 kg ha 1 under F. albida and C. africana respectively, at the distance of 25 m away from the tree trunks. The mean biomass recorded at three different distances from the two tree trunks, were not differently significant statistically p 0.05 . In general, the result of analysis indicated that, decreasing pattern of mean sorgum grain yield and biomass as distance from tree trunk increases, for both F. albida and C. africana. The research finding showed that trees have positive relation with grain yield and above ground biomass of sorghum due letter fall. Hence, the growing of Faidherbia albida and Cordia africana trees on small holder farms improve crop productivity for improvement of this agroforestry system. Musa Abdella | Ayele Akuma "Impact of Parkland Trees (Faidherbia Albida Delile and Cordia Africana Lam) on Sorghum Yield in Fedis District, Eastern Ethiopia" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd75125.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/ecology/75125/impact-of-parkland-trees-faidherbia-albida-delile-and-cordia-africana-lam-on-sorghum-yield-in-fedis-district-eastern-ethiopia/musa-abdella

Many unhealthy behaviours always start during adolescence and are a source of major health challenges. Adolescence substance abuse has impact on individuals, families, and communities. Most often, it contributes to social, physical, and psychological problems. Substance abuse among adolescents is a global problem and its prevalence is alarming. Its causes are numerous and varied. One of the causes of substance abuse among adolescents is availability. When substances are available, adolescents are motivated to consume them. It is important to seek ways to curb this ill that is threatening the welfare of Cameroonians. This study sets out to ascertain the extent to which availability of substances influence substance abuse among adolescents in urban schools in Cameroon, and to determine preventive strategies. The concurrent nested mixed method research design was used to carry out the study. The Simple Random sampling was adopted in the selection of public, mission and private schools from four regions of Cameroon. As a whole, 375 students. Were selected. Purposive sampling was used to select discipline masters and guidance counsellors. A questionnaire of 10 items was used to collect data from the students and an interview guide to collect data from the discipline masters and guidance counsellors. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using spearman rho test, through SPSS version 25.The findings showed that social media significantly predicted substance abuse among adolescent students R= 0.258 , P= 0.000 0.05 . Finally, findings showed that at zero order correlation when the preventive strategies were not involved in the correlation analysis, the coefficient value was 0.374 but, when the correlation was controlled by the preventive strategies, the coefficient value increased from 0.374 to 0.908 of almost a perfect relationship 1 . The study concluded that the social media influence drug abuse among adolescent students in urban schools in Cameroon. From the study it was recommended that research be carried out to determine the effects of drugs on students’ performance, health and the society. Chefuh Patricia Asoh | Prof. Joseph Lah Lo-oh | Prof. Bongwung Bruno "Availability of Substances and Preventive Strategies among Adolescent Students in Urban Schools in Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76234.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/76234/availability-of-substances-and-preventive-strategies-among-adolescent-students-in-urban-schools-in-cameroon/chefuh-patricia-asoh

Over the past decades, Rwanda has adopted various agricultural extension strategies, transitioning from area based comprehensive package programs to modified training and visit systems. The most recent model, known as Twigire Muhinzi, aims to enhance participatory extension services. However, these approaches often rely on a standardized advisory system, applying a one size fits all method that disseminates uniform technological solutions and extension messages to all smallholder farmers.Agricultural extension services play a crucial role in knowledge transfer and the promotion of innovative farming technologies, contributing to increased productivity and sustainability. Traditional models often overlook the diverse ecological and socio economic conditions of farmers. This study explores the significance of customized agricultural extension services in Rwanda, highlighting their importance, implementation strategies, challenges, and advantages. Leveraging digital tools, participatory methods, and farmer centric models, tailored extension services can significantly improve agricultural productivity and sustainability.Employing a desk review methodology, this research synthesizes insights from academic literature, policy reports, and institutional strategies. Findings indicate strong governmental support, promising ICT driven initiatives, and organized farmer networks, yet challenges persist in terms of coordination and financial sustainability. Key recommendations include enhancing research integration, aligning policies, and strengthening capacity building efforts to ensure an effective and scalable agricultural extension framework. Dr. Manzi Rutayisire Antoine "Enhancing Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services in Rwanda" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76235.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/agricultural-engineering/76235/enhancing-agricultural-extension-and-advisory-services-in-rwanda/dr-manzi-rutayisire-antoine

Robotics and automation have developed as key technologies for supply chain management as a result of the increased demand for quicker and more effective supply chains. They improve supply chain management by lowering long haul expenses, boosting work and usage strength, reducing errors, declining repetitive stock checks, updating orchestrating, taking care of times, and assembling induction to the problematic and hazardous places. Autonomous robotics have the potential to improve operations, and they offer new opportunities to increase productivity, reduce risk, decrease cost, and improve data collection, particularly as customer expectations and volumes of packages, shipments, and orders reach unsustainable levels for traditional approaches. The recent developments in robotics and automation for supply chain are reviewed in this paper. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Robotics in Supply Chain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76237.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76237/robotics-in-supply-chain/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Drones are typically remotely controlled aircraft used for various purposes including surveillance, photography, search and rescue, and military operations. They have become an essential component of the supply chain industry due to their ability to transport goods and conduct inspections quickly and efficiently. They can assist in multiple points of the supply chain, assisting with both the land and air portions of delivery. Implementing drones into supply chains has been great, and drones are becoming quite popular. Companies are planning to use drone technology to simplify their supply chains. This paper explores the various uses of drone in the supply chain industry. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Drones in Supply Chain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76238.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76238/drones-in-supply-chain/matthew-n-o-sadiku

The integration of artificial intelligence AI and social science media is revolutionizing pharmacovigilance in the era of personalized medicine. This review article explores the applications of AI in pharmacovigilance, including adverse drug reaction detection, real time monitoring, and personalized medicine. Additionally, the role of social science media in patient engagement, data collection, and risk communication is examined. The article discusses the benefits and challenges of combining AI and social science media in pharmacovigilance, and highlights future directions for research and development. By leveraging these technologies, pharmacovigilance can be enhanced, and patient safety can be improved in the era of personalized medicine.Artificial intelligence AI is revolutionizing pharmacovigilance PV by enhancing the detection, assessment, and prevention of adverse drug reactions ADRs . This review examines how AI technologies – such as machine learning ML , natural language processing NLP , and big data analytics – tackle existing challenges in pharmacovigilance PV , including issues like underreporting, large data volumes, and inefficiencies in data processing. AI improves drug safety by automating data collection, enabling real time adverse event detection, and predicting potential risks, allowing for proactive risk management. Despite challenges in data quality, model interpretability, and regulatory compliance, AI’s role in PV is advancing rapidly, promising more efficient and accurate drug safety monitoring. A concise summary of the article touches on how artificial intelligence AI is transforming pharmacovigilance PV by enhancing the detection, analysis, and prediction of drug related adverse events. This review highlights the advancements AI brings to drug safety, such as enhancing efficiency, minimizing human error, and enabling real time analysis of massive datasets from diverse sources. Nisha Kokane | Khushi Patil | Durgesh Barhate | Srushti Pawar | Vaishnavi Deore "Integrating Artificial Intelligence and Social Media for Enhanced Pharmacovigilance in the Era of Personalized Medicine" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76256.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76256/integrating-artificial-intelligence-and-social-media-for-enhanced-pharmacovigilance-in-the-era-of-personalized-medicine/nisha-kokane

Introduction Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In India, it is one of the leading causes of mortality among women accounting for 23.3 of all cancer deaths. India accounts for about 20 of cervical cancer cases reported from the world. More than three fourths of these patients are diagnosed in advanced stages leading to poor prospects of long term survival and cure. Early detection of cervical cancer is possible with pap smear tests. The purpose of the study is to assess the awareness and risk factors of cancer cervix among women undergoing pap smear tests. Methods The present study adopted a nonexperimental explorative design. The total sample was 150. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples at IMS and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar. The tools used to collect the data were as follows 1. Demographic questionnaire, 2. Structured questionnaires based on awareness of cancer cervix, and 3. Structured questionnaire to assess the risk factors for cancer cervix. Data was collected by Questionnaire method. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Result A total of 150 women participated in the study and it was revealed that maximum participants had average knowledge 76 , 12.66 of the participants had poor knowledge where as 11.3 had good knowledge. Approximately, one third 36 of the participants had the highest risk factor. Association between level of knowledge and demographic variables depicts that there is significant statistical association found between knowledge level and age x2=16.009, p =0.002 . And association between level of risk of developing cervical cancer and demographic variables depicts that there is significant statistical association found between risk level and age x2 =9.891, p=0.017 , number of children x2=11.644 p=0.010 , present complain of pap smear test x2=17.327, p=0.001 . Conclusion The result of the present study concluded that there is a need to create awareness related to risk factors of cervical cancer in women undergoing pap smear tests. Dr. B. Gomathi | Asha Rani Mahto | Suchismita Mahanta | Suchismita Sahoo | Dr. Pravati Tripathy "Awareness and Risk Factors of Cancer Cervix among Women Undergoing Pap Smear Test" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76220.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/gynecology/76220/awareness-and-risk-factors-of-cancer-cervix-among-women-undergoing-pap-smear-test/dr-b-gomathi

The menstrual cycle is a normal and natural process, but many women present discomfort and problems which disturb their lives and routines. Some of these are breast tenderness, acne, bloating, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, tiredness and pre menstrual syndrome PMS . The percentage of effected woman ranges from source to source, anywhere from 20 to 80 . This number is probably due to estimations, as it is not likely that all women will seek out a doctor and get a diagnosis of PMS. Though the exact cause of the PMS is unknown, it can be influenced by several factors like hormonal imbalance, improper diet and lifestyle. These abnormal interactions excite the biological humour resulting imbalance in the body. Yogasanas have a vital impact on the endocrine glands to reach a state of balance or normalcy. Lifestyle modification is a pro active approach towards optimum health. Practice of regular Asanas like Makarasana, Shavasana, Pranayama, and meditation along with simple healthy life style changes including regular exercise and healthy diet are beneficial in preventing the premenstrual syndrome. Dr. Mandar R. Jadhav | Dr. Nupoor S. Banne | Dr. Gaurav Nalawade "Role of Yoga and Meditation in Preventing Premenstrual Syndrome and Hormonal Imbalances" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76257.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76257/role-of-yoga-and-meditation-in-preventing-premenstrual-syndrome-and-hormonal-imbalances/dr-mandar-r-jadhav

Smart agriculture also referred to as digital, precision or climate smart agriculture or smart farming is the use of modern advanced technology to improve the efficiency, quality, productivity, and sustainability of agricultural practices. These are tools used to digitally collect, store, analyze, and share electronic data and or information in agriculture. Digital agriculture includes but is not limited to precision agriculture. However, unlike precision agriculture, digital agriculture impacts the entire agri food value chain – before, during, and after on farm production. Therefore, on farm technologies like yield mapping, GPS guidance systems, and variable rate application, fall under the domain of precision agriculture and digital agriculture. Under digital agriculture are e commerce platforms, e extension services, warehouse receipt systems, blockchain enabled food traceability systems, tractor rental apps, but not under precision agriculture. This paper dives into the pros, cons, benefits, and the future prospects of smart agriculture. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Smart Agriculture" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76262.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76262/smart-agriculture/paul-a-adekunte

The English poets, Owen and Sassoon, exposed the hypocrisies and lies in the romantic view of war. In South Asia Rabindranath had an idealistic view of humanity and was shocked at the progress of human civilization towards the destruction of mankind. Nazrul was in favour of fighting for liberty for one’s motherland, but he also knew the horrors of war from his first hand experience in the battle front. He came across both the moments of allurement and repulsion of the whole business of war, which find reflection in his writings. The focus of this paper is a realistic analysis of war and the soothing beauty of love as revealed in Rabindranath’s “Destruction” and Nazrul’s “Hena”. In other words, an attempt is made to bring to light the problematics of war in contrast to the positive forces of love and beauty as envisioned by Rabindranath and Nazrul. A qualitative analysis is made in keeping with the aim of this paper – to lay bare the anti war discourse in the chosen works of Rabindranath and Nazrul. The paper seeks to be a part of the ongoing discussion on anti war discourse finding meaning not in the destructive power of war but in the eternal and positive forces of beauty and love. Anwar Hossain "War and Love in Rabindranath’s “Destruction” and Nazruls “Hena”" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76218.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/english/76218/war-and-love-in-rabindranath’s-“destruction”-and-nazrul’s-“hena”/anwar-hossain

An enormous amount of data is generated tremendously every second within supply chain industry all over the world. Big data is an extensive compilation of information that standard data processing software finds challenging to manage. It refers to the vast amounts of data, structured and unstructured, that helps businesses to establish trends and patterns in human behavior and interactions. Big data has become a big business. Big data in supply chain refers to the vast amount of structured and unstructured data collected throughout various stages of a supply chain, which can be analyzed to improve operational efficiency, optimize inventory management, enhance demand forecasting, and make better data driven decisions. The role of big data in supply chain is pivotal in improving demand forecasting, inventory management, risk resilience, and personalized customer experiences. This paper explores how big data is widely optimized and managed in the supply chain industry. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Big Data in Supply Chain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76263.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76263/big-data-in-supply-chain/matthew-n-o-sadiku

This research paper explores global trends in change management and provides key insights for the year 2025. The study examines the evolving nature of organizational change, highlighting the increasing complexity and frequency of transformations across industries worldwide. Using the Capability for Change Survey 2024 as a primary case study, the study identifies key challenges, including leadership misalignment, resistance to change, resource constraints, and change fatigue. The paper explores emerging trends such as AI driven analytics, agile methodologies, change agile leadership, and the establishment of Change Management Centers of Excellence CoEs . Based on these insights, it provides strategic recommendations for organizations to enhance adaptability, improve employee engagement, and optimize change portfolios. This research contributes to the evolving discourse on change management by bridging the gap between theory and practice, offering actionable insights for businesses navigating a dynamic global environment. Raghunath Reddy Koilakonda | Melanie Franklin "Global Trends in Change Management: Insights and Key Takeaways for 2025" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76233.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/organizational-behaviour/76233/global-trends-in-change-management-insights-and-key-takeaways-for-2025/raghunath-reddy-koilakonda

Cloud computing refers to the access and use of remote servers as opposed to in house servers to handle data. It has emerged as a powerful tool in revolutionizing supply chain management processes. The migration of supply chain processes to cloud computing is a strategy adopted by more and more businesses. By leveraging the cloud, companies can efficiently streamline their operations, enhance collaboration, and improve overall efficiency. With a cloud solution, buyers have access to information from different places and devices. Cloud computing provides a reliable and scalable infrastructure to store and process the vast amounts of data generated in the supply chain. The competitive advantages of the supply chain cloud for your supply chain are too significant to ignore. The main purpose of this paper is to explore various uses of cloud computing in the supply chain industry. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Cloud Computing in Supply Chain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76270.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76270/cloud-computing-in-supply-chain/matthew-n-o-sadiku

An enormous amount of data is generated tremendously every second within supply chain industry all over the world. Big data is an extensive compilation of information that standard data processing software finds challenging to manage. It refers to the vast amounts of data, structured and unstructured, that helps businesses to establish trends and patterns in human behavior and interactions. Big data has become a big business. Big data in supply chain refers to the vast amount of structured and unstructured data collected throughout various stages of a supply chain, which can be analyzed to improve operational efficiency, optimize inventory management, enhance demand forecasting, and make better data driven decisions. The role of big data in supply chain is pivotal in improving demand forecasting, inventory management, risk resilience, and personalized customer experiences. This paper explores how big data is widely optimized and managed in the supply chain industry. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Big Data in Supply Chain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76263.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76263/big-data-in-supply-chain/matthew-n-o-sadiku

This research paper explores global trends in change management and provides key insights for the year 2025. The study examines the evolving nature of organizational change, highlighting the increasing complexity and frequency of transformations across industries worldwide. Using the Capability for Change Survey 2024 as a primary case study, the study identifies key challenges, including leadership misalignment, resistance to change, resource constraints, and change fatigue. The paper explores emerging trends such as AI driven analytics, agile methodologies, change agile leadership, and the establishment of Change Management Centers of Excellence CoEs . Based on these insights, it provides strategic recommendations for organizations to enhance adaptability, improve employee engagement, and optimize change portfolios. This research contributes to the evolving discourse on change management by bridging the gap between theory and practice, offering actionable insights for businesses navigating a dynamic global environment. Raghunath Reddy Koilakonda | Melanie Franklin "Global Trends in Change Management: Insights and Key Takeaways for 2025" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76233.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/organizational-behaviour/76233/global-trends-in-change-management-insights-and-key-takeaways-for-2025/raghunath-reddy-koilakonda

Internet of things IoT is a network of automated smart enabled devices communicating with one another without human input. In essence, the IoT connects devices to the Internet. IoT is really catching on to the supply chain industry. Statistics and expectations confirm the growing popularity of IoT adoption in supply chain efforts. The Internet of things IoT is a solution capable of automating supply chain processes, offering better visibility and control, optimizing inventory, and enabling predictive maintenance. IoT solutions can help significantly optimize supply chain management and logistics processes, bringing in the transparency and cost effectiveness that cannot be achieved otherwise. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of IoT in supply chain. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Internet of Things in Supply Chain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76264.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76264/internet-of-things-in-supply-chain/matthew-n-o-sadiku

This paper presents a novel machine learning pipeline tailored for proactive cyber defense within high stakes military networks, addressing the pressing need to detect and neutralize sophisticated threats such as Distributed Denial of Service DDoS attacks in near real time. Our approach begins with a mathematically rigorous anomaly detection framework, constructed on the premise that normal network traffic follows an identifiable statistical distribution, deviations from which can serve as early indicators of malicious behavior. By exploiting deep neural architectures—specifically autoencoders enhanced with domain specific heuristics—our pipeline learns complex traffic patterns, encompassing both high volume and subtle “low and slow” attack methodologies. A core component of our methodology involves deriving explicit theoretical bounds for detection accuracy and false alarm rates, ensuring that defense operators can calibrate the system according to mission critical thresholds. Neelesh Mungoli "AI-Driven Cybersecurity for Defense Networks: A Mathematical Approach with DDoS Attack Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76306.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/76306/aidriven-cybersecurity-for-defense-networks-a-mathematical-approach-with-ddos-attack-analysis/neelesh-mungoli

3D printing is a process which uses a three dimensional digital model to create a physical object by adding many thin layers of material in succession in order to produce finished goods. The term “additive manufacturing” is used to explain this principle. With 3D printing technology, a design file can transform directly to a product, skipping many traditional manufacturing steps. Various types of technologies are applied to create complex designs and customizable products on an individual basis with less effort than traditional manufacturing processes. The objective of this paper is to explore the impact of 3D printing technology on supply chain. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "3D Printing in Supply Chain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76271.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76271/3d-printing-in-supply-chain/matthew-n-o-sadiku

In this paper, we delve into the pressing need for robust, secure communications under the severe conditions posed by extreme space weather events, notably solar flares and coronal mass ejections. Such phenomena can dramatically compromise terrestrial and satellite based links through electromagnetic interference, sudden ionospheric changes, and partial hardware failures. Traditional cryptographic and error correction schemes often focus on algorithmic security or moderate noise environments but do not comprehensively address the potential for intense, transient disruptions capable of overwhelming standard channel models. Our approach leverages quantum inspired algorithms mathematically grounded techniques inspired by quantum principles yet implementable on classical hardware to achieve a dual objective maintaining high levels of cryptographic security while tolerating sporadic but substantial spikes in noise. Neelesh Mungoli "Quantum-Inspired Algorithms for Secure Communications under Extreme Solar Phenomena" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76307.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/76307/quantuminspired-algorithms-for-secure-communications-under-extreme-solar-phenomena/neelesh-mungoli

This present study was done under the topic “A Quasi experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of biblotherapy on self esteem among adolescents in MBD School Journa, Morena” Objectives of the study are to assess the pretest knowledge regarding pretest and post test score of self esteem among adolescents, to construct the bibliotherapy on self esteem, to findout the effectivess of bibliotherapy on self esteem of experimental group, to findout the association between pretest self esteem with selected demographic variables. The conceptual framework was done based on Ernestine Wiedenbach helping art of clinical nursing theory. To accomplish the objectives of the study, quantitative research with quasi experimental design was adopted. In this study, the sample consists of 60 adolescents from MBD school, Journa, Morena who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the study. The simple random sampling technique was used for this study. A structured Socio demographic variable, and Rosenberg self esteem scale used for data collection. Section A was socio demographic data, and the section –B was Rosenberg self esteem scale used for data collection. Pilot study was conducted on self esteem among adolescents of selected school from 01 August 2021 to 31 August 2021to assess the tools feasibility and it was found to be feasible to collect the required information. For the main study the data collected from 01 November 2021 to 30 November 2021 from adolescents who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The collected data was tabulated according to various parameters and the complete analysis was done with descriptive and inferential statistics. Study revealed that In experimental group All category samples are 20 each, Male 50 and female 50 , Most of the participants belongs to 12th class 36.7 , Most of the participants belongs to joint family 63.3 Most of samples father had primary education 33.3 , Most of samples father had primary education 36.7 , most of the participants family income is less than 5000Rs 43.3 , most of the participants had either no siblings ot 1 sibling 33.3 , in control group All category samples are 20 each, Male 50 and female 50 , Most of the participants belongs to 12th class 36.7 , Most of the participants belongs to joint family 63.3 , Most of samples father had secondary education 33.3 , Most of samples father had no formal education 36.7 , most of the participants family income is less than 5000Rs 40 , most of the participants had 1 sibling 33.3 . In experimental group pretest 18 participants had low self esteem, 9 had normal self esteem and only 3 had high self esteem. And in post test 18 participants had normal self esteem, 12 had high self esteem. In control group pretest 15 participants had low self esteem, 13 had normal self esteem and only 2 had high self esteem. And in post test 15 participants had low self esteem, 13 had normal self esteem, only 3 had high self esteem. To find out the effectiveness of bibliotherapy on self esteem among experimental group using paired t test, the obtained value was 12.06 which was higher than table value of 2.0 at 0.05 level of significance hence hypotheses 1 was accepted ie there is a significant difference between pretest and post test self esteem score among the adolescents. It means bibliotherapy was effective to improve self esteem level among the experimental group participants. The calculated chi square value revealed that pretest self esteem had No significant association with any one of selected demographic variables, hence hypotheses 2 was rejected. There was no significant association with pretest self esteem of participant with selected demographic variables. Dityanshi Srivastava "Effectiveness of Bibliotherapy on Self Esteem among Adolescents in MBD School Journa Morena" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76310.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/76310/effectiveness-of-bibliotherapy-on-self-esteem-among-adolescents-in-mbd-school-journa-morena/dityanshi-srivastava

Research into the creation of effective extraction methods and the thorough examination of their phytochemical profiles has increased due to the growing interest in medicinal plants as sources of bioactive chemicals. The several extraction strategies used to separate the bioactive components from medicinal plants are examined in this article. These include solvent based, supercritical fluid extraction, as well as more recent approaches like microwave assisted and ultrasonic assisted extraction. Each methods advantages, disadvantages, and ideal circumstances are examined critically, with a focus on how they affect yield, purity, and the preservation of bioactive substances. The review also explores the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical study of medicinal plants, emphasising the identification and measurement of secondary metabolites using spectroscopic, chromatographic, and spectrometric methods. The significance of standardization and quality control in the examination of medicinal plant extracts is addressed, along with their possible therapeutic uses. In conclusion, the review offers an extensive summary of contemporary trends in the extraction and analysis of medicinal plants, highlighting the necessity for ongoing innovation to improve the effectiveness and safety of plant derived treatments. Vasundhara Dhanaraj Bhandare | Dr. DP Kardile "A Review on Extraction Techniques and Phytochemical Analysis of Medicinal Plants" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76275.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76275/a-review-on-extraction-techniques-and-phytochemical-analysis-of-medicinal-plants/vasundhara-dhanaraj-bhandare

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY According to WHO, Adolescence girls, is identified as the period in human growth and development that occurs after childhood and before adulthood, from age 10 19. Averagely, the cycle is about 28 days and the period lasts for 3 5 days. Menstrual hygiene practice can be influenced by the quality of information gathered, cultural and religious beliefs, environmental factors like location, and race. According to Ammula Ratha, Menstruation is a normal physiological process that occurs in females during their reproductive age. The onset of menstruation is at puberty. There is no definite definition of menstrual hygiene, however on a breakdown, hygiene can be defined as those condition and activities that promote and preserve health while menstruation can be defined as the cyclical shedding of the inner lining of the uterus the endometrium under the control of hormones of the hypothalamo pituitary axis. Girls usually get to their stage of puberty between age 8 and age 13 about two and a half years after a girl’s breast develops, she usually experiences her first periods. Mrs. Sony Verma | Mrs. Monika Bhushan "A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Factor Affecting Menstrual Hygiene Among the Adolescent Girls in Selected Schools at Etawah" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76267.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/76267/a-descriptive-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-regarding-factor-affecting-menstrual-hygiene-among-the-adolescent-girls-in-selected-schools-at-etawah/mrs-sony-verma

In this work, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning DRL agent architecture for fully autonomous UAV control that fuses real time sensor fusion with advanced multi objective reward shaping to achieve robust flight dynamics under varied environmental conditions. We begin by defining the system’s decision making process as a partially observable Markov decision process POMDP , wherein the UAV’s state space encapsulates high dimensional sensor inputs, including LIDAR point clouds, inertial measurement unit IMU data, and geospatial telemetry, while the agent’s action space is composed of continuous motor velocity commands. Our learning algorithm employs a hierarchical policy gradient method with parallelizable sub policies dedicated to tasks such as obstacle avoidance, trajectory planning, and energy conservation. Each sub policy is trained using a variant of proximal policy optimization PPO that is adapted to dynamic flight constraints through Lagrangian relaxation techniques and enforced via real time on policy updates. Neelesh Mungoli "A Reinforcement Learning Agent for UAV Control: Mathematical Foundations, Implementation, and Human-vs-AI Benchmarking" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76308.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/76308/a-reinforcement-learning-agent-for-uav-control-mathematical-foundations-implementation-and-humanvsai-benchmarking/neelesh-mungoli

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common troublesome micro vascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It is clinically present in 50 of all diabetic patients. The prevalence of neuropathy is related to age, duration of diabetes and the quality of metabolic control.Prameha is one of the maharoga, due to chronicity attains upadrava avastha. DPN is vata pradhana Tridoshaja vyadhi. Lakshanas of DPN are attributed to Avaranajanya Dhatukshayaja samprapti of madhumeha.here in this study 40 patient were taken, made into 2 groups and treated with panchatiktha takrdhara followed by group A treated with somavalkala kashaya niruha basti, group B with kantakantaka panchamoola niruha basti in kala basti format.both group have got stasticaly significant results. Dr. Haravi Madhu Parameshwara | Dr. Shilpashree | Dr. Rajesh Sugur "A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Combined Efficacy of Takradhara Followed by Somavalkala Kashaya Siddha Kala Basti and Takradhara Followed" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76322.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76322/a-comparative-clinical-study-to-evaluate-the-combined-efficacy-of-takradhara-followed-by-somavalkala-kashaya-siddha-kala-basti-and-takradhara-followed/dr-haravi-madhu-parameshwara

Self dependent India or Atmanivar Bharat is one the most upcoming policies to sketch Indias future. Most of the traditional knowledge followed by the rural people are becoming very relevant nowadays. Such ITK Indigenous Traditional Knowledge can shape a new nation from different angles like economic, environmental, social and cultural. The Assam by its favourable climatic conditions with abundant annual rainfall and a good amount of alluvial soil in the riverine tracts offers excellent scope for cultivation of jute. The area under jute during 1951 52 was 1.23 lakh has which was only 4 per cent of the gross sown area of Assam. After extraction of fibre, the left over is called jute stick which have multipurpose use. The main objectives of this paper are to examine the traditional use of jute stick in their day to day life. The information regarding jute stick management was collected from different jute growing zones of Assam through personnel interview etc. jute crop is mostly grown in Brahmaputra valley of Assam. Farmers use the sticks as staking material in vegetable field, as fencing, as a wall in houses, as ceiling material and most importantly as fuel wood. It is estimated that about 4 to 5 tons of jute sticks per hectare is produced from jute cultivation. There is also a scope of innovative use of jute sticks such as bricks, crockery, cutlery and dinnerware. In addition, jute sticks are potential raw materials for production of particle board, and paper boards. However, in Assam this process is not adopted commercially. There is a scope for commercial use of jute sticks with innovative ideas. This will create diversified demand for raw jute and enable farmers to earn extra income. Munmee Charingia | Dhiren Tamuli "Jute Stick Management in Assam: Unveiling Traditional Knowledge Systems for Sustainable Development" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76309.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/76309/jute-stick-management-in-assam-unveiling-traditional-knowledge-systems-for-sustainable-development/munmee-charingia

Background Obstetrical emergencies are life threatening medical conditions that Occur in pregnancy or during or after delivery. It is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity, comprising 46 of worldwide maternal mortality. Active and appropriate management by health care personnel during perinatal period may result in decrease mortality and morbidity. Aim The study aimed to assess knowledge and practice on management of obstetrical emergencies among staff nurses. Methodology A quantitative descriptive correlational design was adopted for this study. Non probability convenience sampling technique was used to drawn 80 Staff Nurses working in 16 conveniently selected health centers under Sipajhar Block PHC and Patharighat Block PHC, Darrang, Assam Tools for data collection The data were collected through structured self administered questionnaire and inventory practice check list. Data were analysed in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The result of the study showed that majority i.e. 42 52.50 of the subjects had moderate knowledge on management of obstetrical emergencies, with over all mean13.2 and SD 3.623 whereas majority i.e.39 48.8 of the respondents had moderate practice with over all mean 9.54 and SD 2.899. Study findings revealed that there was a strong positive correlation between knowledge score and practice score, significant at r 0.911, n=80, p= 0.001. Conclusion The study concludes that most of the subjects had moderate knowledge and practice on management of obstetrical emergencies. It further established a strong positive correlation between knowledge and practice of staff nurses. It inferred that due to lack of adequate knowledge, staff nurses practice had affected. The study indicated that there is a need to conduct training, workshop, seminar, awareness and educational program periodically on management of obstetrical emergencies to enhance knowledge and practice of staff nurses. Bhanupriya Deka "Knowledge and Practice on Management of Obstetrical Emergencies Among Staff Nurses Working Under Selected Health Centers of Darrang District, Assam" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76319.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76319/knowledge-and-practice-on-management-of-obstetrical-emergencies-among-staff-nurses-working-under-selected-health-centers-of-darrang-district-assam/bhanupriya-deka

Kamala is a Pittaja Nanatmaja and Raktapradoshaja Vikara. Charakacharya considered Kamala as advanced stage of Pandu Roga. Sushrutacharya and Vagbhatacharya considered Kamala as separate disease and also may be due to further complication of Panduroga. The main Signs and symptoms of kamala are haridra netra , twak, nakha, peeta shakrut mutra, dourbalya, aruchi etc. On the basis of similarity of signs and symptoms like yellowish discolouration of skin haridraTwak , Sclera Netra , Urine peeta Mutra , Stool peeta Purisha it can be correlated with jaundice HYPRBILIRUBINEMIA . The incidence of jaundice is approximately 40, 000 per 100, 000 individuals of intensive care unit patients. The causes of jaundice is both due to jaundice as the primary reason for ICU stay or as a morbidity to an underlying disease i.e. sepsis .Men have an increased prevalence of alcoholic and non alcoholic cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis B, malignancy of pancreas, or sclerosing cholangitis. In contrast, women demonstrate higher rates of gallbladder stones, primary biliary cirrhosis, and gallbladder cancer. In all the above said disorders jaundice is one of the main symptom.Ayurveda literature clearly explained pathology, treatment of Kamala Vyadhi such as Snehapana, virechana, nasya, anjan and shamanoushadi according to the avastha of the vyadhi, which shows the specificity of Ayurveda. This article revolves around the causative factor , pathology, and its management .An attempt has been made to find out likely solutions for kamala through Panchakarma. Dr. Nisarga | Dr. Doddabasayya | Dr. Shilpa Sree. K "Conceptual Study of Kamala and Understanding the Role of Panchakarma in Kamala W.S.R to Jaundice" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76320.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76320/conceptual-study-of-kamala-and-understanding-the-role-of-panchakarma-in-kamala-wsr-to-jaundice/dr-nisarga

Dyslipidemia are generally characterized clinically by increased plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides or both, variably accompanied by reduced level of HDL cholesterol. In Ayurveda, Dyslipidemia can be correlated to Medoroga, based on same etiological factors and pathogenesis. Involvement of Kapha is invariable associated with kupita Vata and dusta Medas. Here in this study, 40 patients diagnosed as Medoroga were subjected to Udwartana with Musta aragwadadhi choorna, Deepana pachana with Musta choorna, Vamana with Madanaphala pippali yoga and virechana with Haritakyadi lehya. Statistically significant results were seen in both subjective and objective parameters. Dr. Nisarga | Dr. Doddabasayya | Dr. Shilpa Sree. K "A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Combined Efficacy of Musta Aragwadhadi Choorna Udwartana Followed by Vamana and Musta Aragwadhadi Choorna Udwartana Followed" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76321.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76321/a-comparative-clinical-study-to-evaluate-the-combined-efficacy-of-musta-aragwadhadi-choorna-udwartana-followed-by-vamana-and-musta-aragwadhadi-choorna-udwartana-followed/dr-nisarga

Infertility is defined as failure to conceive within one or more years of regular unprotected coitus,essential factors are required for the fertility those are rutu kshetra ambu beeja. Among these any abnormality disturbance in the beeja ovum follicle result into vandhyatwa reduced AMH secretion low AMH indicates low ovarian reserve and poor quality of follicle.low AMH indicates that there is a low ovarian reserve that means that the number of eggs in the ovaries reduced.herein this study ,30patients with vandhyatwa w.r.s AMH were subjected to depana pachana with trikatu choorna snehapana with shatavarighrita, virechana with murchita eranda taila followed by uttarabasti with shatavari ghrita. statistically significant results were seen in both subjective and objective parameters. M. Kavita | Rajesh Sugur | Khandade Manisha Naganath "A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Combined Effect of Virechanottora Uttarabasti with Shatavari Ghrita Followed by Shatapushpa Churna in Vandhyatva W.S.R. to Low AMH" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76324.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76324/a-clinical-study-to-evaluate-the-combined-effect-of-virechanottora-uttarabasti-with-shatavari-ghrita-followed-by-shatapushpa-churna-in-vandhyatva-wsr-to-low-amh/m-kavita

Vyanga or melasma is one of the skin disease of Hyperpigmentation. It’s one among Kshudra Roga characterised by niruja, tanu, shyava varna mandala occurring on the face. While considering the pathogenesis of vyanga, Pitta and rakta effect each other due to ashraya ashrayi bhava along with vata causing pigmentation over face. Melasma is asymptomatic, Acquired chronic condition with hyperpigmented macular lesion that develops, slowly over the, Cheeks, nose, forehead, chin, above lip area. Hyperpigmentation is mainly due to increased melanocyte activity in the skin. In this study Nasya with Manjistadi taila in group A and Nasya with Yastimadhu taila in Group B followed by Arjunadi Lepa. Manjista is having property of varnya and rakataprasadaka. Where as Yastimadhu being varnya and vatapittashamaka hence it brings dosha to normal state. Arjunadi lepa contain arjun twak, Manjista and Vrusha which are predominant in Kashaya rasa and being pittashamaka and raktaprasadaka in action, with these inherent properties it helps in the management of vyanga. Dr. Poojashree | Dr. Doddabasayya | Dr. Shilpashree. K "A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Combined Efficacy of Manjistadi Taila Nasya and Yastimadhu Taila Nasya Followed by the Arjunadi Lepa in the Management of Vyanga W. S. R to Melasma" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76323.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76323/a-comparative-clinical-study-to-evaluate-the-combined-efficacy-of-manjistadi-taila-nasya-and-yastimadhu-taila-nasya-followed-by-the-arjunadi-lepa-in-the-management-of-vyanga-w-s-r-to-melasma/dr-poojashree

Kushta is considered as one among the Ashta Mahagadas in classics. Vipadika Kushta is mentioned as one among the eleven Kshudra kushta, with the predominance of Vata Kapha dosha Vipadika is characterized by Sphutanam cracking either in palms or soles or in both with Teevra Vedana1. Vata due to its khara and ruksha guna causes symptoms like Sphutana cracks and Teevra Vedana severe pain . Kapha by its snigdha and guru guna causes Kandu severe itching and thickness of the skin. Vipadika is correlated with palmoplantar psoriasis which is a chronic skin disease mainly affects palms and sole region. In present case report a patient with complaint of dryness, scaling, itching and cracking of both soles associated with pain since 2 years, was treated with Shodana Virechana and Shamana Aushadhis, has shown a significant result. Shodhana helps remove the root cause of the disease and prevents recurrence. M. Kavita | Rajesh Sugur | Khandade Manisha Naganath "Management of Vipadika through Shodhana and Shamana: A Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76326.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76326/management-of-vipadika-through-shodhana-and-shamana-a-case-study/m-kavita

Benign prostate hyperplasia is a benign enlargement of prostate which usually occurs after 50 years, usually between 60 and 70 year. Mutragranthi is a disease of mutravahasrotas, one among the 12 types of mootraghata disorders elaborated by sushruta. Mutragranthi, as described in ayurveda, closely resembles benign prostatic hyperplasia bph of modern medicine in its signs and symptoms. Due to the medical and surgical complications while treating the disease, an ayurvedic approach in the management of bph is required. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of varunad gana siddha kala basti followed by mustadi kalka in the management of bph. Dr. Rishi Raj Khare | Dr. Rajesh Sugur | Dr. Doddabasayya | Dr. Shilpashree. K "A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Combined Efficacy of Varunadi Gana Siddha Kala Basti Followed by Mustadi Kalka Yoga in the Management of Mutragranthi with Special Reference to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76331.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76331/a-clinical-study-to-evaluate-the-combined-efficacy-of-varunadi-gana-siddha-kala-basti-followed-by-mustadi-kalka-yoga-in-the-management-of-mutragranthi-with-special-reference-to-benign-prostatic-hyperplasia/dr-rishi-raj-khare

Tribes are a world indigenous people in India. And they are dynamic and adapt in their very nature of tribal society to the shift in an individual’s social status from one status to another status and General and other section of tribal society. In the phase of transition, tribes are always mobilized in culture, religion, region, social, economic, and polity etc. Social movement among Indian tribal people, The Ho is the indigenous people of India. Among the main tribes of Jharkhand and Odisha, the Ho tribe is Proto Australoid based. “Horo” is the primary meaning for the name Ho, which means people. Anthropologists documented that Ho, belonging to the community of Kol, Kolha. Munda. They are the origin of the Ho goes back to the classification of the Caucasian group. The Ho communication medium is part of the proto Munda language. Language was used symbolically through the daily object used in households. They are also known as ‘Kolha’ in Odisha communities and known as Ho in Jharkhand. The native place of ‘Ho’ is Kolhan of Jharkhand. Over a while, they move all across the neighbouring states. Some anthropologist and sociologist. Sujit Bandia | Sabitri Munda "Economic Empowerment and Social Mobility among the HO Tribe in Odisha" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76274.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/76274/economic-empowerment-and-social-mobility-among-the-ho-tribe-in-odisha/sujit-bandia

Emerging technologies are rapidly transforming the legal field in areas like document review, contract management, and client interaction, offering increased efficiency and access to justice. From artificial intelligence to blockchain, emerging technologies promise to revolutionize industries and drive innovation. More than ever, law firms are now leveraging technology advancements to increase efficiency, optimize their bottom line, and improve client satisfaction. The emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence AI , blockchain, the Internet of Things IoT , big data, and cloud computing are set to have a huge impact on the legal environment. They have ushered in a revolution among industries, especially the legal industry. They are reshaping the world and the practice of law at large. In this paper, we examine the impact of emerging technologies in legal practice. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Emerging Technologies in the Law Field" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78348.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78348/emerging-technologies-in-the-law-field/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Aims and ObjectivesTo study rheumatological manifestations in patients infected with HIV with regards to prevalence, pattern of involvement, correlation of various types of rheumatological syndromes with the grades of HIV infection and pattern of laboratory investigationsMethod This study was conducted over a period of 6 months at Sassoon general hospital, Pune. A total of 100 HIV patients presenting with rheumatological complaints were enrolled in this study and analysed regarding clinical, laboratory and radiological features and disease activity score 28 was calculated. Results There were 68 males and 32 females and Male to female ratio was 2.1 1. 78 cases were in age group of 20 to 50 yrs that was sexually active group. A total of 75 patients were in HIV stage 3 and 4 indicating high incidence of rheumatic manifestations with progression of HIV disease. The mean CD4 count was 264 mm3 and 62 patient had CD4 between 200 to 499 mm3.The commonest rheumatic manifestation found was arthralgia 45 , while other common manifestations found in decreasing frequency were Arthritis 17 , myopathy 10 , spondyloarthropathy 9 , vasculitis 8 , painful articular syndrome 2 , Reiter’s arthritis 3 , psoriatic arthritis 2 , septic arthritis 2 and rheumatoid arthritis 2 cases. A raised ESR was seen in 81 patients and raised CRP in 78 patients. Commonest radiological abnormality seen was soft tissue swelling and erosive changes of articular surface 11.1 . Arthritis due to varying aetiology in HIV patient usually has moderate disease activity as per DAS 28 ESR score hence it is less noticed by physicians.Conclusion Physician should look for rheumatological manifestations in HIV, distinguish them from classic rheumatic diseases and do timely intervention to prevent disability and deformity and to improve the quality of life. Dr. Rahul Majahan "Rheumatological Manifestations in Patients Infected with HIV - A Clinical Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76325.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/76325/rheumatological-manifestations-in-patients-infected-with-hiv--a-clinical-study/dr-rahul-majahan

Background Klaibya is one among the shukrapradoshaja vikara1 occurs due to vitiation of shukra dhatu, results into unable to perform sexual act and unable to produce progeny. Charakacharya mentioned samanya klaibya lakshanas as Sankalpapravano nityam priyaam vashyamapi streeyam, lingasaithilya, svasarta, swinnagatrata, moghasankalpachesta, mlanashishnata and nirbeeja2. Erectile dysfunction ED is inability to achieve or maintain an erection long enough to engage in sexual intercourse. It has connection with psychological problems. Incidence might project significantly to over 320 million by the year 20253. Contemporary Medicine had limited role in the management. Objectives To evaluate the combined efficacy of Virechanottara, Murchita Tilatailayukta uttarabasti and Kokilakshadi churna in the management of Klaibya. Methods The present study subject was given with Shunti churna for amapachana followed by snehapana with murchita Tilataila in arohana krama until samyak snigdha lakshanas were attained, sarvanga abhyanga with Murchita Tila Taila and bashpa sweda was carried out for 3days then Mridu Virechana is administered with Murchita erandataila, after samsarjana karma Uttara Basti is administered for 9 days alternatively 3 sitting followed by kokilakshadi churna is used as shamanaoushadi for 15 days. Results Moderate improvement in mlana shishnata and linga shaitilya, orgasm. Testosterone, FSH, LH, IIEF shown moderate improvement. Conclusion Thus, it can be stated that virechanottara, murchita tilatailayuktha uttarabasti is effective in managing dhatukshyajanya Klaibya. Dr. Uday Kumar V K | Dr. Rajesh Sugur | Dr. Doddabasayya | Dr. Shilpashree. K "Evaluate the Combined Efficacy of Virechanottara, Murchita Tilatailayuktha Uttarabasti Followed by Kokilakshadi Churna in the Management of Klaibya W.S.R to Erectile Dysfunction - A Single Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76330.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76330/evaluate-the-combined-efficacy-of-virechanottara-murchita-tilatailayuktha-uttarabasti-followed-by-kokilakshadi-churna-in-the-management-of-klaibya-wsr-to-erectile-dysfunction-a-single-case-study/dr-uday-kumar-v-k

This study investigates the performance of Maximum Likelihood Estimation MLE and Least Squares LS methods in estimating the parameters of Weibull distribution using various sample sizes. The bias and Mean Squared Error MSE of both methods are calculated to assess their precision and reliability using simulated data. The results indicate that both MLE and LS exhibit noticeable biases and higher MSE values for small sample sizes n = 10 , with MLE consistently offering more accurate estimates than LS. As sample sizes increase n = 10, 30, 50, 100, 150 , both methods show improved performance, with bias and MSE values converging towards zero. The MLE method, in particular, demonstrates superior efficiency, consistently providing lower bias and MSE across all sample sizes and parameter values. This study highlights the importance of sample size in parameter estimation and suggests that MLE is a more reliable method for estimating Weibull distribution parameters, particularly as the sample size increases. Ilesanmi A. O. | Odukoya E. A. | Aladejana A. E. "Maximum Likelihood and Least Square Estimation Methods for Weibull Distribution: Simulation Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76164.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathematics/76164/maximum-likelihood-and-least-square-estimation-methods-for-weibull-distribution-simulation-study/ilesanmi-a-o

Low altitude economy has become an important industry field of global concern. How to promote the development of low altitude economy varies among different countries. This article takes China, which has made significant progress in the field of low altitude economy, as the research object, and explores the path and risks of Chinas private economy participating in the development of low altitude economy. Zhang Yunshan | Zhong Yuan "Research on Risk Identification and Prevention of Private Enterprises Participation in Low altitude Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76341.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/development-economics/76341/research-on-risk-identification-and-prevention-of-private-enterprises-participation-in-low-altitude-economy/zhang-yunshan

Shukra Dusthi is qualitative and quantitative reduction of shukra dhatu. Ashta Shukradushti Lakshana can be correlated with the Semenogram based on doshik involvement. Shukra kshaya, Shukravaha srotodusti and Mano doshas are the prime factors involved in the pathogenesis. Shukradushti can be corelated with reduction in Sperm count, sperm motility and Sperm Morphology due to vitiation of Vata pradhana tridoshas. Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia is combination of three abnormal seminal parameters i.e Oligozoospermia which is Reduced sperm count less than 15million ml or 39 million Ejaculate. Asthenospermia, reduced sperm motility progressive motility and sluggish Motility less than 40 and Teratoozoospermia is reduced percentage of Normal Sperm Morphology less than 5 , when all the three semen parameters are Reduced in quantity it can be said as OAT Syndrome. In the context of shukra dusthi, treatment with Brimhana treatments like Basti, vrushya, Rasayana is much highlighted and considered as the best in managing shukra dusthi condition. So in the present study Basti is selected in the form of Vrushya basti, Bilwadi niruha basti and Musalyadi vrushya yoga. Also, it is easy for the patient to undergo treatment and carry out their daily routine and offers very limited restrictions to follow. The objectives of this study is to assess the efficacy of Vrushya basti and Bilwadi niruha basti followed by Musalyadi vrushya yoga and to review critically on aetio pathology, Roga Rogi Pareeksha and diagnosis of Shukra Dusthi Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia as per Ayurveda and modern literature. Dr. Hanumanta H | Dr. Doddabasayya Kendadmath "A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Combined Efficacy of Vrushya Basti and Bilwadi Niruha Basti Followed by Musalyadi Churna in the Management of Shukradusti W.S.R. to Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76335.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76335/a-comparative-clinical-study-to-evaluate-the-combined-efficacy-of-vrushya-basti-and-bilwadi-niruha-basti-followed-by-musalyadi-churna-in-the-management-of-shukradusti-wsr-to-oligoasthenoteratozoospermia/dr-hanumanta-h

Higher education has long been regarded as a critical driver of social mobility and economic development. This paper explores the multifaceted role of higher education in fostering upward social mobility, reducing inequality, and contributing to economic growth. By analyzing empirical data, theoretical frameworks, and case studies, this research highlights the mechanisms through which higher education influences individual and societal outcomes. The paper also addresses challenges such as accessibility, affordability, and the quality of education, offering policy recommendations to maximize the benefits of higher education for social and economic progress. Mr. Shaikh Mateen Latif "The Role of Higher Education in Social Mobility and Economic Development" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76302.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/76302/the-role-of-higher-education-in-social-mobility-and-economic-development/mr-shaikh-mateen-latif

In developed countries, public transportation systems, including buses, trains, subways, and trams, are important for efficient urban mobility and economic development, with many cities prioritizing their expansion and integration. Public transportation in developed countries is a well established cum essential component of urban infrastructure that is providing millions of people with safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly transportation. High quality public transportation must need to have comprehensive networks, integrated services, and smart technologies. This comes with some economic, environmental and social benefits, including reduced greenhouse gas GHG emissions, increased productivity, and improved mobility. The futuristic directions for public transportation in developed countries are to include the adoption of sustainable technologies, mobility as a service MaaS , and smart infrastructure. The paper delves into the benefits, challenges and future trends to public transportation in developed countries. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Public Transportation in Developed Countries" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78350.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78350/public-transportation-in-developed-countries/paul-a-adekunte

A power system is to supply reasonable level of reliable, qualitative electricity supply to its customers in an acceptable price. Reasonable level is one balancing the need for power supply and the cost involved. An effective way to solving this issue is by the use of quantitative assessment of the reliability indices based on the probability of availability and unavailability of supply. The unavailability of supply an interruption in the supply of electricity brings in economic impacts for both the customers and the utilities. Customer interruption mean the loss of service due to a forced outage for more than five minutes, for one or more customers, which is the result of one or more failures. Therefore, cost of interruption is evaluated as a basic parameter of economic evaluation in the process of increasing the power system reliability. Reliability of distribution network is an important subject due to increasing demand for more reliable service with less interruption frequency and duration. This paper presents the main cause of power interruption, evaluate the cost of customer interruption by IEEE 1366 2012 guideline distribution reliability indices, and compare the interruption cost of various utility sectors without and with distributed generation DG . Nyein Nyein Chan | Tin Tin Htay "Economic Analysis of Electricity Interruption with Distribution System Reliability Enhancement" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76269.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/76269/economic-analysis-of-electricity-interruption-with-distribution-system-reliability-enhancement/nyein-nyein-chan

Introduction Abdominal surgery is a very common surgical procedure. Early ambulation is an important component of postoperative care after abdominal. Non randomized control group design was used. Purposive sampling technique is used to select 60 subject. The interview method using self structured knowledge questionnaire. The pre test of Subjects 30 each in control group was taken and after few days post test was taken. In control I group maximum 89.3 had below average pre test knowledge and none of them had good knowledge. After giving teaching programme maximum 60 no. of subject had excellent knowledge and 30 had good knowledge. Richa Sharma | Aman Kumar "A Study on Knowledge and Impact of Modified Early Ambulation on Activities of Daily Living, Functional Activity Among the Patient After Abdominal Surgery" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76342.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/76342/a-study-on-knowledge-and-impact-of-modified-early-ambulation-on-activities-of-daily-living-functional-activity-among-the-patient-after-abdominal-surgery/richa-sharma

In the context of the digital age, while the platform economy is booming, there are also monopolistic situations such as monopolistic agreements among operators, abuse of market dominant positions, excessive concentration of operators, and data monopolies. There are also many difficulties in determining platform monopolistic behaviors. At the regulatory level, there are dilemmas such as an imperfect legal and regulatory system, fragmented supervision, and insufficient technical capabilities of regulatory authorities. In response to this, this paper proposes corresponding countermeasures from four aspects updating legislative concepts, optimizing relevant determination methods, promoting dynamic and coordinated supervision, and achieving digital supervision through technological empowerment. The aim is to effectively regulate monopolistic behaviors in the platform economy and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the economic society. Guo Zimo "Research on Anti - monopoly Regulation of Platform Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76304.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/economics/76304/research-on-anti--monopoly-regulation-of-platform-economy/guo-zimo

Public transportation in developing countries is faced with myriad of problems and challenges such as low quality services, high costs, and insufficient coverage but is very crucial for mobility, accessibility, and sustainability, most especially with increasing urbanization, population, and environmental concerns. Transportation is crucial for both economic and social development of nations. It is also a major contributor to greenhouse gas GHG emissions, for which there is the urgent need for a paradigm shift towards a holistic approach that integrates transport with economic and social considerations, particularly for low and middle income countries LMICs . Developing countries must support the pursuit of green and resilient transport by starting with the importance of setting climate goals, and develop their own path to Paris Align transport. The paper looks into the challenges to public transportation in developing countries faced by commuters, government, and private investors, with an attempt to proffer viable solutions. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Public Transportation in Developing Countries" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76344.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76344/public-transportation-in-developing-countries/paul-a-adekunte

Web 3.0, or web3, is the vision for the third generation of the internet the world wide web which is based on decentralization, blockchain, other modern technologies, and token based economics. The use of web3 is to make the internet more open, secure, efficient, transparent, creating a more immersive and personalized web experience. Web 3.0, also known as the “Internet of Value” gives users more control over their data and offering more autonomy by removing intermediaries and creating an environment based on the principles of transparency, security and privacy. The paper looks into the concepts, pros, cons, benefits, and the challenges cum solutions to web 3.0, as well as its future prospect. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Web 3.0" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76345.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/76345/web-30/paul-a-adekunte

The central nervous system CNS depends on microglial proton channels to maintain cellular homeostasis, regulate pH balance, and modulate inflammatory responses. Dysregulation of these channels has been linked to a number of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimers disease, Parkinsons disease, and ischemic stroke. In this study, we used a systematic screening assay to find a novel modulator for microglial proton channels. A diverse chemical library was screened to determine its effects on proton channel activity in microglial cells, and our results show a promising lead compound that selectively modulates proton channel function without endangering cell viability. In this work, we used a systematic screening assay to find a novel modulator for microglial proton channels. The effects of a chemically varied small molecule library on microglial cell proton channel function were evaluated through screening. Without endangering cell viability or producing cytotoxic effects, the most promising candidate chemical demonstrated strong and specific modulation of proton channel activity. The chemical successfully changed microglial activation states, decreased excessive proton flux, and impacted downstream signalling pathways linked to inflammation, according to additional electrophysiological and molecular investigations. Taiba Nafis | Mr. Ashvani Kumar "Identification of a Novel Modulator for Microglial Proton Channel Using a Screening Assay" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76328.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmaceutics/76328/identification-of-a-novel-modulator-for-microglial-proton-channel-using-a-screening-assay/taiba-nafis

Background Skin diseases affect nearly 900 million people worldwide, with Kitibha Kushta, classified under Kshudra Kushta, resembling psoriasis in modern medicine. Psoriasis, an immune mediated disorder, affects 3.59 million people in India and 125 million globally, with increasing prevalence. It significantly impacts physical, emotional, and socio economic well being. Ahara diet is a key factor in Ayurveda, and Viruddha Ahara incompatible diet is considered a major cause of diseases, including Kushta. Among its types, Samyoga Viruddha Ahara, a combination of incompatible foods, rapidly provokes Doshas and requires attention due to its potential health risks. Objectives To Develop and validate a questionnaire on Samyoga Viruddha Ahara in Kitibha Kushta and To Assess its role in the manifestation of Kitibha Kushta. Methodology A case control study was conducted at SDM College of Ayurveda, Hassan, with 60 Kitibha Kushta patients cases and 60 healthy individuals controls . Data was collected using a validated questionnaire, assessing dietary history and the role of Samyoga Viruddha Ahara. Result Samyoga Viruddha Ahara were found statistically significant and were considered to have risk of association with Kitibha Kushta. Conclusion The study concludes that Samyoga Viruddha has a significant association with Kitibha Kushta. Dr. Shruti | Dr. Nandesh Mohan P | Dr. Tapas Bratha Tripathy | Dr. Saranya K "Case Control Study to Assess Role of Samyoga Viruddha Ahara in Kitibha Kushta" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76334.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/76334/case-control-study-to-assess-role-of-samyoga-viruddha-ahara-in-kitibha-kushta/dr-shruti

Adolescence is a critical developmental stage characterized by rapid physical, cognitive, and socio emotional transformations. This study evaluates the efficacy of structured life skills interventions in enhancing psychological resilience, self esteem, and emotional regulation among adolescent college students. Conducted in Chennai, this quasi experimental study engaged 100 participants in interactive psycho educational activities designed to strengthen intrapersonal and interpersonal competencies. Findings indicate statistically significant improvements in self esteem, emotional regulation, and social competence, reinforcing the necessity of integrating life skills training into higher education curricula. The study provides empirical evidence supporting the role of life skills interventions in fostering holistic well being and psychological adaptability NIMHANS, 2022 ICSSR, 2023 . Dr. Priscilla M. Dhanaraj | Dr. Narasingam Arunagirinathan "The Impact of Life Skills Interventions on Psychological Well-being and Self-Esteem among Adolescent College Students: A Counselling Psychology Perspective" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78349.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/78349/the-impact-of-life-skills-interventions-on-psychological-wellbeing-and-selfesteem-among-adolescent-college-students-a-counselling-psychology-perspective/dr-priscilla-m-dhanaraj

Medical devices are becoming smarter, but so are cyber threats. Hospitals rely on connected technologies pacemakers, insulin pumps, ventilators yet many lack basic security protections. Attackers exploit unpatched software, weak authentication, and unsecured data transmissions, turning life saving equipment into potential weapons. The consequences range from ransomware induced system failures to life threatening device manipulation. Regulations exist, but enforcement remains inconsistent, leaving gaps in security. This paper examines cyber risks in medical devices, identifying key vulnerabilities and real world incidents. It explores AI driven threat detection, blockchain authentication, and zero trust frameworks as emerging solutions. Case studies highlight both devastating breaches and successful security implementations. The research underscores the urgency of proactive security measures, emphasizing the role of manufacturers, hospitals, and regulators in closing cybersecurity gaps. Without immediate action, healthcare remains an easy target. Cybersecurity in medical devices is no longer optional it is a matter of patient safety. Saurabhkumar I. Bhatt "Cybersecurity Risks in Connected Medical Devices: Mitigating Threats to Patient Safety" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78351.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78351/cybersecurity-risks-in-connected-medical-devices-mitigating-threats-to-patient-safety/saurabhkumar-i-bhatt

This research focuses on the design, analysis, and performance evaluation of a five level inverter, a crucial component in modern power electronic systems. Multilevel inverters have gained widespread attention due to their ability to generate higher voltage levels with improved output waveform quality compared to conventional two level inverters. These inverters play a vital role in applications such as renewable energy integration, high voltage DC HVDC transmission, and industrial motor drives. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the working principles, design considerations, control methodologies, and advantages of multilevel inverters. The research also investigates different modulation techniques and their impact on efficiency, power quality, and harmonic reduction. Experimental results and simulations are analyzed to validate the performance of the proposed inverter topology. The findings of this study contribute to the development of more efficient and reliable power electronic systems, addressing the growing demands of modern power grids and industrial applications. Manisha Muvel | C. K. Tiwari | Dr. Jay Tiwari | Dr. Dev Kumar Rai "Performance analysis of Power Electronic Circuit for Multilevel Inverter" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78357.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/78357/performance-analysis-of-power-electronic-circuit-for-multilevel-inverter/manisha-muvel

Drug is a major problem in India, and there is a large body of literature in India and the West devoted to understanding the marital dynamics involved in drinking and determining the negative effects that drug can have on a spouses personality and function. Drug is a condition that develops over time and is frequently fatal. It is not a symptom of another sickness or emotional issue, but rather a distinct ailment. A persons size, weight, age, and sex, as well as the amount of food and alcohol ingested, all influence the effects of drug use. Even at low doses, drug can impair judgment and coordination dramatically. Drug in small to moderate dosages can potentially raise the risk of cancer. Low to moderate amounts of drug can enhance the likelihood of a number of aggressive behaviours, such as domestic violence and child abuse. Drug has a negative impact on not just an individuals physical health, but also on the people around him. Drug is linked to a shattered family role, a breakdown in family communication, as well as physical and mental disorders. Methodology of Study The current study used a descriptive research design and probability sampling as the sampling method. To obtain data from parents for this study, the researcher used a basic random sampling lottery procedure. An interview schedule was used to acquire a sample size of 60 people. Ms. G. Lourds Shammine | Mrs. Nivetha M "“A Study on Social Support and Level of Depression among Drug Addicts” with Special Reference to Coimbatore Districts" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78352.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/78352/“a-study-on-social-support-and-level-of-depression-among-drug-addicts”-with-special-reference-to-coimbatore-districts/ms-g-lourds-shammine

The global electric power infrastructure, largely based on century old principles, is undergoing a paradigm shift to accommodate high penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources, energy storage systems, and emerging technologies. Traditional electric grids composed of synchronous generators, transformers, and AC transmission lines, rely on fundamental control techniques such as grid synchronization, load frequency control, and voltage reactive power compensation. However, these conventional systems face challenges in maintaining stability and efficiency due to increasing energy demands and the integration of distributed energy resources. This paper explores the role of power electronics in shaping future electric power grids, from generation to consumption. It discusses advanced Flexible AC Transmission Systems FACTS , smart grids, and the impact of quantum dot computing and wireless communication in grid modernization. Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenges of implementing grid level power electronics, including efficiency, cost, and operational reliability. The transition to next generation electric power networks will require fundamental advancements in power electronics, intelligent control systems, and real time monitoring technologies. Mukundsinh Rana "Analysis of Multilevel Inverters in High-Power Applications: The Transformative Role of Power Electronics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78358.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/78358/analysis-of-multilevel-inverters-in-highpower-applications-the-transformative-role-of-power-electronics/mukundsinh-rana

The enforcement of protective measures, such as wearing face masks, has become essential in mitigating the spread of airborne diseases. Traditional methods of monitoring compliance can be labor intensive and inefficient, leading to the need for automated solutions. Artificial intelligence AI and machine learning ML have emerged as effective tools for real time face mask detection, improving efficiency and accuracy in public safety enforcement. This study presents the development and deployment of an intelligent system that utilizes deep learning techniques for mask detection in various environmental conditions. The proposed model is trained on diverse datasets, ensuring robustness against variations in lighting, occlusion, and mask types. By integrating convolutional neural networks CNNs and computer vision, the system accurately classifies individuals as masked or unmasked in real time video streams. The research discusses model architecture, data pre processing, and implementation strategies while addressing key challenges such as false detections and performance optimization. The findings demonstrate the potential of AI driven surveillance systems in promoting adherence to health regulations, reducing manual monitoring efforts, and enhancing public safety. Future advancements may focus on improving accuracy, optimizing computational efficiency, and integrating additional features such as thermal screening and voice alerts for broader applications. Mansi Puri | Manisha Kadam "Deep Learning-Based Face Mask Recognition: A Smart Solution for Health Compliance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78359.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/78359/deep-learningbased-face-mask-recognition-a-smart-solution-for-health-compliance/mansi-puri

This study investigated the diversity and functional properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria LAB isolated from rice based fermented foods collected across four districts of West Bengal. Twenty samples were analyzed, resulting in the isolation of 45 LAB strains. The isolation process involved serial dilution, plating on MRS agar, and incubation under anaerobic conditions at 37°C. Colonies were selected based on morphology, Gram staining, and catalase tests. Biochemical characterization, including sugar fermentation, was performed for identification. Functional properties, specifically acid production, amylase, and protease activities, were quantified.The study revealed significant microbial diversity across the districts. Paschim Medinipur yielded Lactobacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and Pediococcus acidilactici. Purba Medinipur isolates included Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Streptococcus thermophilus. Bankura showed dominance of Lactococcus lactis, along with Lactobacillus brevis and Leuconostoc citreum. Jhargram strains were identified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Weissella cibaria.Lactic acid production varied among the strains and over time 24, 48, and 72 hours . Lactobacillus delbrueckii from Jhargram consistently exhibited the highest lactic acid production. Amylase and protease activities also varied, with Lactobacillus delbrueckii demonstrating the highest amylase and protease activities. These enzymatic activities contribute to the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins, influencing the properties of fermented foods.The findings highlighted the diverse functional attributes of LAB in these traditional foods, underscoring their importance in fermentation efficiency, flavor development, and food preservation. This study provided a baseline for further research into the specific mechanisms and optimization of these beneficial microbial activities. Papiya Ghorai Manna | Dr. Kamal Kant Patra | Dr. Asha Mishra | Dr. Keshamma E "Analysis of the Functional Properties of Isolated LAB Strains Present in Rice Based Fermented Foods of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78360.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78360/analysis-of-the-functional-properties-of-isolated-lab-strains-present-in-rice-based-fermented-foods-of-west-bengal/papiya-ghorai-manna

Transportation has a significant economic, social, and environmental impact on society. It accounts for major impact on the environment. Green transportation, also known as sustainable transportation, encompasses all environmentally friendly modes of transportation. It involves efficient and effective use of resources, modification of the transport infrastructure, and making healthier travel choices. Energy ef cient transportation system helps to achieve the goal of smart and green cities. Green transportation systems are introduced worldwide to reduce carbon emissions. This paper presents the concept, characteristics, modes, strategies, benefits, and challenges of green transportation. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Matthias Oteniya | Janet O. Sadiku | Benedict A Oteniya "Green Transportation: An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78365.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78365/green-transportation-an-overview/matthew-n-o-sadiku

A virtual legal assistant VLA is a skilled professional who provides remote assistance to legal practitioners and law firms. They provide remote administrative, technical, and legal support to lawyers or law firms, handling tasks like document management, scheduling, client communication, and legal research, freeing up attorneys for core legal work. VLAs are transforming the legal industry by bringing a new level of efficiency and expertise. With a rapid development of law firms, legal virtual assistants have been in much demand because they play a major role in analyzing significant legal documents, drafting various contracts and agreements for the company, handling different case laws, managing the paperwork of the firm, etc. This article examine how virtual legal assistants improve productivity and free up legal professionals to concentrate on what they do best. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Virtual Legal Assistant" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78381.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78381/virtual-legal-assistant/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Mobility as as service MaaS is a term used to describe digital transport service platforms that allow users to access, pay for, and get real time information on a variety of public and private transportation options. It refers to a concept where users can access various transportation options through a single digital platform. MaaS delivers a one stop shop for all transportation needs by combining various modes of transportation, such as public transport, ridesharing, peer to peer rentals, and e bikes scooters into one unified platform. It is revolutionizing transportation by offering integrated, seamless, and user centric mobility solutions. MaaS platforms leverage technology to integrate various modes of transportation, providing users with a comprehensive and convenient mobility experience. This paper provides an overview of mobility as a service MaaS , a consumer centric model of people transportation. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Matthias Oteniya | Janet O. Sadiku | Benedict A Oteniya "Mobility-as-a-Service: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78366.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78366/mobilityasaservice-an-introduction/matthew-n-o-sadiku

The Yemeni conflict, involving the Houthis, Iran, and the Saudi led coalition, represents one of the most complex geopolitical crises in the Middle East. This research article examines whether the conflict is primarily a proxy war between regional powers Saudi Arabia and Iran or an internal struggle rooted in Yemen’s political, social, and economic grievances. The paper explores the historical rise of the Houthis, their relationship with Iran, and the motivations behind Saudi Arabia’s intervention. It further analyses how ideological and sectarian factors, external interventions, and regional power struggles have shaped the conflict. The findings indicate that while external actors have played a significant role in escalating the war, the conflict remains deeply rooted in Yemen’s internal political fragmentation, governance failures, and socio economic inequalities. The study draws lessons on the nature of proxy wars and internal conflicts in the broader Middle Eastern context, offering policy recommendations for peacebuilding, regional stability, and conflict resolution. Dr. Vishnu Prakash Mangu "Houthis, Iran, and the Saudi-Yemen Conflict: A Proxy War or Internal Struggle?" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78354.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/78354/houthis-iran-and-the-saudiyemen-conflict-a-proxy-war-or-internal-struggle/dr-vishnu-prakash-mangu

Fluoride contamination in freshwater ecosystems has emerged as a critical environmental issue, primarily due to industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and natural sources such as mineral weathering. While fluoride is essential in trace amounts, excessive concentrations 1.5 mg L lead to toxicity in aquatic organisms, causing skeletal deformities, oxidative stress, and reproductive impairments. Fish, amphibians, and invertebrates exhibit growth retardation, neurological disorders, and enzyme inhibition when exposed to elevated fluoride levels. Conventional remediation methods, such as chemical precipitation and reverse osmosis, are effective but costly and environmentally unsustainable. In contrast, bio remediation microbial degradation , phytoremediation aquatic plants , and adsorption based filtration biochar, clay minerals, and nanotechnology provide cost effective and eco friendly solutions. Comparative analysis indicates that nanotechnology based methods achieve the highest fluoride removal efficiency 95 , while bioremediation and phytoremediation are more sustainable for long term applications. A comprehensive mitigation strategy integrating scientific innovation, policy intervention, and community participation is essential for effective fluoride management. Strengthening industrial regulations, promoting sustainable agriculture, and implementing affordable filtration systems can significantly reduce fluoride pollution in water bodies. Public awareness programs and continuous water quality monitoring further enhance risk mitigation efforts. Future research should focus on hybrid remediation approaches, combining biological and nanomaterial based techniques for enhanced efficiency and sustainability. By adopting a multi disciplinary approach, fluoride toxicity can be controlled, ensuring the protection of aquatic biodiversity and safe water access for human populations. Dr. Rajesh Verma | Sachin Kumar Akela "Fluoride Toxicity in Freshwater Ecosystems: A Sustainable Approach to Mitigation and Remediation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76340.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/76340/fluoride-toxicity-in-freshwater-ecosystems-a-sustainable-approach-to-mitigation-and-remediation/dr-rajesh-verma

Reduced bone mineral density and an elevated risk of fracture are the hallmarks of osteoporosis, a common skeletal condition. Although alendronate, a bisphosphonate, is frequently used to treat osteoporosis, oral administration of this medication is linked to gastrointestinal adverse effects and limited absorption. The objective of this research is to create and assess a nanoemulsion loaded with alendronate in order to improve drug permeability, bioavailability. Nanoemulsions small droplet size, great solubility, and enhanced stability make them a promising medication delivery method. In order to maximize the properties of the nanoemulsion, the formulation procedure entails choosing the right oil, surfactant, and co surfactant. The created nanoemulsion is assessed according to its stability, zeta potential, pH, viscosity, and particle size. Ex vivo and in vitro investigations evaluate the effectiveness of skin penetration and medication release characteristics. This nanoemulsion based approach has the potential to improve osteoporosis care, lessen side effects, and increase patient adherence by addressing the drawbacks of traditional oral alendronate therapy. The results of the study help create new, patient friendly drug delivery strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis. Ankit Singh | Mr. Jiyaul Hak | Dr. Divya Pathak "Formulation and Evaluation of Alendronate-Loaded Nano Emulsion for Osteoporosis Management" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78347.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmaceutics/78347/formulation-and-evaluation-of-alendronateloaded-nano-emulsion-for-osteoporosis-management/ankit-singh

This study details the outcomes of efforts made by stakeholders to adopt school management, teachers, community and ministry parent’s involvement programs in order to improve student behavior and school discipline. This study has been conducted at primary schools, in Kandal province in Cambodia. Data were collected through interview to explore participants’ perception on student behavior and school discipline. Using data from primary schools, analyses show the percentage of students who misbehavior, of the prior rates of discipline in the schools, the more school management and community involvement programs were implemented, the less students were disciplined by being sent to the principals offices, given detention, or suspended from class. The two types of involvement that are most correlated with a decrease in the percentage of pupils who require school discipline are parenting and volunteering. Additionally, schools with better stakeholders programs reported having fewer pupils who needed to be disciplined. Qualitative methods are used for data analysis. The findings imply that there are few stakeholders work as volunteering to improve student behavior and school discipline. Hai Sophan | Dr. Chanphirun Sam | Dr. Leangseng Hoy "Stakeholders Involvement in Improving Student Behavior and School Discipline in Primary Schools in Cambodia" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78369.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78369/stakeholders’-involvement-in-improving-student-behavior-and-school-discipline-in-primary-schools-in-cambodia/hai-sophan

This study examined the impact of tax reform on economic development in Nigeria. The study used a quantitative method which involves the analysis of secondary data on the influence of tax policy changes on economic growth in Nigeria and the impact of tax administration efficiency on income distribution in Nigeria. The study used a questionnaire to collect data from 40 tax officers working with Federal Inland Revenue Services FIRS . This study adopted a descriptive research design. The study employed purposive sampling to select participants who have significant knowledge or experience in tax administration and policy. Frequency and percentage rating was used to answer the research questions. The findings revealed that most respondents accepted that tax policy changes influence economic growth in Nigeria. The findings also revealed that there is positive impact of tax administration efficiency on income distribution in Nigeria. The study recommended that policymakers should ensure that tax reforms are carefully designed to stimulate economic growth by providing targeted incentives that attract foreign direct investment and promote business expansion. Efforts should be made to increase transparency and fairness in tax administration processes to build public trust and ensure equitable income distribution. Obalakumo, Anderson Pereowei | Bekeboh, Emotongha Baff | Grace Johnsinger | Akenge, Josephine Ikpemi "Tax Reform and Economic Development: Evidence from Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76301.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/financial-economics/76301/tax-reform-and-economic-development-evidence-from-nigeria/obalakumo-anderson-pereowei

Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS is the most common hormonal disorder among women of reproductive age. Infertility is one of the most common PCOS symptoms. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a problem in which a womans hormones are out of balance. It can cause problems with your periods and make it difficult to get pregnant. PCOS also may cause unwanted changes in the way you look. If it isnt treated, over time it can lead to serious health problems, such as diabetes and heart disease. Prevalence The prevalence of PCOS depends on the choice of diagnostic criteria. The World Health Organization estimates that it affects 116 million women worldwide as of 2010 3.4 of women . One community based prevalence study using the Rotterdam criteria found that about 18 of women had PCOS, and that 70 of them were previously undiagnosed. Discussion Effectiveness of Apis Mellifica in Polycystic Ovarian Disorder is more as it has minimum aggravation, high dynamic power, it can be repeated at short interval, its action is very quick in disease condition. A careful analysis of the effectiveness and efficiency of Apis Mellifica in the treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Disorder. Demands an in depth study on the circumstances and conditions which led Dr. Hahnemann to promote and propagate this scale of potency as the ‘most perfected one’ for treatment of disease. Dr. Anupama Tiwari | Dr. Vivek Kumar "Importance of Apis Mellifica in Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76346.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/76346/importance-of-apis-mellifica-in-management-of-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome/dr-anupama-tiwari

Cloud computing is the future of the next generation computing systems in the world. Cloud technology is one of the globally recognized emerging technologies in the new millennium that are most likely to change people’s lives. Organizations with not enough resources to build their own infrastructure can now take advantage of the cloud services to suit their specific needs. Cloud computing is transforming industries, and the legal sector is no exception. Cloud computing in law refers to the legal framework and regulations governing the use of cloud services, encompassing data privacy, security, intellectual property, and jurisdictional issues. The era of cloud computing has just begun, and the time is soon approaching when the use of physical memory devices will become obsolete. This paper considers how cloud computing is revolutionizing legal practice. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Cloud Computing in the Legal Industry" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78382.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78382/cloud-computing-in-the-legal-industry/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Smart transportation also known as Intelligent Transportation Systems ITS is the application of advanced sensor, computer, electronics, and communication technologies, and management strategies in an integrated manner to improve the safety and efficiency of the surface transportation system. In other words, smart transportation leverages on advanced technology, such as the Internet of Things IoT , artificial intelligence AI , and data analytics to enhance transportation by improving traffic management, safety, and efficiency, ultimately aiming to create smarter, more sustainable, and user friendly transportation networks. The paper examines the benefits, challenges, solutions and the future prospects of intelligent transportation systems for the use of humanity. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Smart Transportation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78432.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78432/smart-transportation/paul-a-adekunte

Repetitive behaviors, limited interests, and ongoing social communication impairments are hallmarks of autism spectrum disorder ASD , a complex and diverse neurodevelopmental disorder. Although evidence suggests a multifaceted genesis combining genetic, epigenetic, neurological, and environmental variables, the precise etiology of ASD is still unknown. The pathogenesis of the condition has been influenced by developments in neurobiology, which have shown anomalies in immune system function, neurotransmitter control, and brain connectivity. Behavioral tests like the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ADOS and the Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised ADI R are used in traditional ASD diagnosis. To improve diagnostic accuracy, AI driven models that include facial recognition, speech analysis, and eye tracking are being created. Behavioral interventions Applied Behavior Analysis, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , pharmaceutical techniques antipsychotics, oxytocin based therapies , and supportive therapies occupational therapy, speech therapy are examples of contemporary therapeutic approaches. Precision medicine, microbiome targeted therapies, and neurotechnological developments such virtual reality based social training and transcranial magnetic stimulation have all emerged as viable approaches to managing ASD in recent years. Vishal Kumar | Ms. Roshan Zehra "A Review on Autism Spectrum Disorder: Advances in Neurobiology, Diagnosis, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78367.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmaceutics/78367/a-review-on-autism-spectrum-disorder-advances-in-neurobiology-diagnosis-and-emerging-therapeutic-strategies/vishal-kumar

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy FTIR was employed to analyze the chemical composition of pharmaceutical drugs, their labels, and packaging materials. The study examined three drug samples Allergin, Bioflex, and Cofex , along with their respective packaging containers and labels, to identify functional groups that contribute to their structural properties and pharmacological behavior. The FTIR spectra of Allergin revealed the presence of hydroxyl OH at 3260 cm ¹, nitrile C=N at 2113 cm ¹, amine NH at 1640 cm ¹, and alkyl CH groups, indicating a complex molecular structure. Bioflex showed characteristic amine NH absorption at 3335 cm ¹ and a sharp nitrile C=N peak at 2110 cm ¹, suggesting a simpler but bioactive composition. Cofex exhibited strong carboxyl COOH stretching at 1760 cm ¹ and nitrile C=N at 2124 cm ¹, indicating possible ester or acid anhydride components. The FTIR analysis of packaging materials identified polyethylene terephthalate PET , polypropylene PP , and other polymeric compounds, with strong C=O 1719 cm ¹ , C H 2959 cm ¹ , and C O 1167 cm ¹ stretching bands. These findings highlight the significance of FTIR in quality control, drug formulation validation, and packaging material assessment, ensuring pharmaceutical safety and effectiveness. M. B Nkachukwu | P. O Okwuego | C. O Ifeakor | V. O Offiah "Spectroscopic Analysis of Leachables and Extractables from Selected Pharmaceutical Packaging: Assessing Ink and Adhesive Migration in Drug Labels and Containers in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78425.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78425/spectroscopic-analysis-of-leachables-and-extractables-from-selected-pharmaceutical-packaging-assessing-ink-and-adhesive-migration-in-drug-labels-and-containers-in-nigeria/m-b-nkachukwu

Children are precious possession of the family, community, and country. A child is precious and beautiful source of joy and happiness focus of love and care subject of dreams for the future. Children represent the wealth of the country the childs health is the corner stone of the national progress. Adequate nutrition during infancy is vital to a healthy start in life. As per the guidelines of WHO, Infant and Young Child Feeding IYCF an infant should be breastfeed for the first six months of birth and thereafter semisolid and solid food need to be introduced soon while breastfeeding. Miss Rakhi, 2023 1 The human milk alone, even in reasonable quantities cannot provide all the energy and protein required for maintaining an adequate velocity of growth for infant, after the age 6month.adequate nutrition is essential to maintain optimal health of baby at the of 6 month as in first year of life infant undergone rapid growth and development, where good nutrition is essential. There is no right age when a baby should be weaned. Weaning too early may cause baby at higher risk of developing disorder and adverse reaction and allergy to certain foods. On the other hand, weaning too late may deprive adequate nutrition and can result in improper growth and development. The introduction of solid food to infants diets, known as complementary feeding, is a significant milestone that has nutritional, developmental and health implications. This period, known as weaning in the United Kingdom UK , should ideally provide a gradual transition from a solely milk based diet to a mixed diet based on family foods. Complementary feeding enables infants to meet their nutritional requirements and regulate their appetite, whilst becoming exposed to new tastes and textures in a staged and progressive manner. The World Health Organization WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding until six months, with introduction of solid food at six months. So, a quantitative descriptive research approach and design was used to assess the level of knowledge regarding weaning among mothers. A total sample of 100 mothers was taken through purposive sampling technique. Self structured questionnaire was used for collection of data. Data collected is analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics.Conclusion Findings of the study revealed that out of 100 mothers, 1 mothers had good level of knowledge, 33 had average level of knowledge and 66 had below average level of knowledge. Study concluded that most of the mothers had below average level of knowledge. Dr. Parminder Kaur "Knowledge Regarding Weaning among Mothers of Infants in Selected Hospital of Jalalabad, Fazilka: A Descriptive Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78431.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78431/knowledge-regarding-weaning-among-mothers-of-infants-in-selected-hospital-of-jalalabad-fazilka-a-descriptive-study/dr-parminder-kaur

Archana Nayak is a familiar name in the world of Oriya literature of the Northern seventy period. As a narrator, she has shown due respect for the past. she is also aware of her moral responsibilities. In many stories of her, the female character is the main character, the intuition of the female mind, the pain of life, the hope, the desire, and the potential of dreams are depicted in her works. she has felt the pain of a womans life in her heart and illustrate it very strongly in her story. she was born in 1942 in Madanpur, a village in Baluga area near Chilika. she was known as a brilliant student during her studies in famous educational institutions in the city of Cuttack. she started teaching in a government college after securing the first rank in the first class in the Department of Odia, she is known as a great teacher and beloved to her students. she is also know as story author, novelist, literary critic, dramatist, lyricist and translator. The scope of her words extends from the soil to the invisible world of the distant sky. As we immerse ourselves in her stories it reveals the heart of a sensuous lover with all the gentle, simple and harmonious contemplativeness. her short story collections, novels, essays, plays, poetry translations and children’s literature have been published. Dr. Sarala Swain "Archana Nayak’s Aranya Abhisar: A Glimpse" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78454.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78454/archana-nayak’s-aranya-abhisar-a-glimpse/dr-sarala-swain

Research on the Influencing Factors and Optimization Path of Rural Tourism Brand Based on Grounded Theory A Case Study of Yaji in Fudi Jie Zhao | Siyuan Zhang | Ruomeng Zhao | Xinyu Zhou | Miaohan Xu "Research on the Influencing Factors and Optimization Path of Rural Tourism Brand Based on Grounded Theory: A Case Study of Yaji in Fudi" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78396.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/78396/research-on-the-influencing-factors-and-optimization-path-of-rural-tourism-brand-based-on-grounded-theory-a-case-study-of-yaji-in-fudi/jie-zhao

Spastic cerebral palsy CP is a motor disorder caused by damage to the brain during early development, leading to spasticity, impaired movement, and motor coordination challenges. Often, spastic CP is accompanied by Global Developmental Delay GDD , a condition characterized by delays in multiple areas of development, including motor, cognitive, language, and social skills. Conventional medical treatments typically focus on symptom management, yet complementary therapies like Ayurveda and Physiotherapy can play a crucial role in improving functional outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for affected children. This case study explores the integrative approach of Ayurveda and Physiotherapy for managing spastic CP associated with GDD, highlighting the combination of traditional healing practices and modern rehabilitation techniques in promoting holistic development. Dr. Joshi Hardik Hasmukhbhai | Dr. Vaghasiya Krupali Jaydeepbhai "A Case Study on the Approaches of Ayurveda and Physiotherapy in Treating Spastic Cerebral Palsy Associated with Global Developmental Delay" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78458.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/78458/a-case-study-on-the-approaches-of-ayurveda-and-physiotherapy-in-treating-spastic-cerebral-palsy-associated-with-global-developmental-delay/dr-joshi-hardik-hasmukhbhai

Spastic cerebral palsy CP is a motor disorder caused by damage to the brain during early development, leading to spasticity, impaired movement, and motor coordination challenges. Often, spastic CP is accompanied by Global Developmental Delay GDD , a condition characterized by delays in multiple areas of development, including motor, cognitive, language, and social skills. Conventional medical treatments typically focus on symptom management, yet complementary therapies like Ayurveda and Physiotherapy can play a crucial role in improving functional outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for affected children. This case study explores the integrative approach of Ayurveda and Physiotherapy for managing spastic CP associated with GDD, highlighting the combination of traditional healing practices and modern rehabilitation techniques in promoting holistic development. Dr. Joshi Hardik Hasmukhbhai | Dr. Vaghasiya Krupali Jaydeepbhai "A Case Study on the Approaches of Ayurveda and Physiotherapy in Treating Spastic Cerebral Palsy Associated with Global Developmental Delay" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78458.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/78458/a-case-study-on-the-approaches-of-ayurveda-and-physiotherapy-in-treating-spastic-cerebral-palsy-associated-with-global-developmental-delay/dr-joshi-hardik-hasmukhbhai

The National Education Policy NEP 2020 introduces a transformative approach to Indias education system, focusing on holistic development and nurturing critical thinking among students. This policy moves away from the traditional emphasis on academic achievement alone, aiming instead at the overall growth of individuals—intellectually, emotionally, socially, and physically.At the core of NEP 2020 is the belief that education should be multidimensional. It should not only focus on cognitive skills but also encourage creativity, life skills, and emotional intelligence. The policy shifts away from rote learning and promotes experiential learning, where students actively engage with the content, develop critical reasoning, and solve real world problems. This approach fosters curiosity and analytical thinking, which are essential for success in a rapidly evolving world.NEP 2020 stresses the importance of critical thinking by moving beyond traditional methods that prioritize memorization. It advocates for inquiry based learning, where students learn through exploration, questioning, and applying their knowledge to real world scenarios. The policy also encourages interdisciplinary learning, helping students make connections between subjects and think critically about complex issues. Additionally, NEP 2020 aims to reform assessments, moving away from exam centric evaluations towards more holistic assessments that measure students ability to think critically, innovate, and apply knowledge practically.Social and emotional learning SEL is another key component of the NEP, as it ensures that students develop strong interpersonal skills, empathy, and emotional resilience. The policy also recognizes the importance of mental health and physical education, promoting a balanced approach to education that nurtures both the mind and body.Furthermore, the NEP introduces flexible curricula and pedagogical frameworks that allow students to explore subjects of personal interest, engage in interdisciplinary studies, and tailor their learning to their individual strengths and aspirations. Vocational education is integrated into the mainstream curriculum, ensuring that students gain both academic knowledge and practical skills, preparing them for a variety of career opportunities. Prof (Dr.) Surendra Prasad | Supriya Kumara "NEP 2020 and Its Focus on Holistic Development and Critical Thinking" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78459.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/78459/nep-2020-and-its-focus-on-holistic-development-and-critical-thinking/prof-dr-surendra-prasad

Writing is a complex cognitive, emotional, and social process that plays a critical role in academic, professional, and personal communication. Effective writing requires the ability to generate ideas, organize thoughts, express oneself clearly and coherently, and adapt to different contexts and audiences. Writing strategies are systematic approaches that writers use to plan, draft, revise, and edit their writing. This paper aims to explore the concept of writing strategies, their significance, and the cognitive, emotional, and social processes and Teachers’ responsibilities that underlie effective writing. Dr. P. Mangayarkarasi | "The Dynamics of Writing Strategies: Exploring the Cognitive, Emotional, and Social Processes that Foster Effective Writing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78417.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/english/78417/the-dynamics-of-writing-strategies-exploring-the-cognitive-emotional-and-social-processes-that-foster-effective-writing/dr-p-mangayarkarasi

Integrating Artificial Intelligence AI in customer authentication and onboarding has revolutionized fintech operations by enhancing security, reducing fraud risks, and streamlining verification processes. Traditional authentication methods often suffer from inefficiencies, high costs, and vulnerability to identity theft. AI driven solutions, leveraging biometric identification, behavioural analytics, and machine learning algorithms, provide a seamless yet highly secure onboarding experience. These technologies reduce friction in customer acquisition and improve regulatory compliance and fraud detection. This paper explores the core concepts, technical innovations, and real world applications of AI powered authentication in banking and fintech. Additionally, it examines the challenges associated with AI based identity verification, including data privacy concerns and regulatory constraints. The study concludes with an outlook on the future of AI enhanced authentication and its potential to reshape digital financial services. Prakash Manwani "AI-Enhanced Customer Authentication and Onboarding" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78505.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/78505/aienhanced-customer-authentication-and-onboarding/prakash-manwani

In an era of increasing cyber threats and data breaches, securing data transfers has become a critical concern for organizations and individuals alike. This paper explores the challenges associated with moving data securely, identifying key risks such as unauthorized access, data corruption, and compliance issues. It further examines effective strategies and best practices, including encryption, secure file transfer protocols, and regulatory adherence, to ensure data integrity and confidentiality. By analyzing case studies and industry standards, this research provides a comprehensive framework for mitigating risks and enhancing the security of data in transit. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of secure data movement and offer practical guidelines for organizations seeking to strengthen their data security posture. Dilip Kumar | Yashwant Kumar "Moving Data Securely: Challenges, Strategies, and Best Practices" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78487.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/78487/moving-data-securely-challenges-strategies-and-best-practices/dilip-kumar

The article examines the development of energy characteristics of electric drives of technological equipment and regulation of power consumption of a fat and oil enterprise. Saidmurod Latipov | Nematjon Narziyev "Development of Measures to Save Electricity in the Extraction of Oil from Cotton Seeds" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78456.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/78456/development-of-measures-to-save-electricity-in-the-extraction-of-oil-from-cotton-seeds/saidmurod-latipov

The primary objective of this systematic review is to analyse land use and land cover LULC changes in Greater Mumbai, Maharashtra, from 2006 to 2024. This study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers and local communities to ensure effective land resource management in the region. The review follows the Initialization, Conceptualization, and Actualization ICA framework to assess existing research on LULC changes in the study area. Relevant literature was retrieved from the Scopus database using keywords related to LULC. A comprehensive analysis of the available studies revealed a gap in systematic reviews specifically addressing LULC transformations in Greater Mumbai. This gap motivated the present study to synthesize and highlight key LULC trends. Geospatial technology based studies have consistently shown a significant increase in built up areas in Mumbai, while vegetation, water bodies, cropland, and barren land have declined considerably. Rapid population growth and urbanization have been identified as the primary drivers of these changes. These drastic LULC transformations have led to severe environmental consequences, including intensified urban heat islands, increased flood hazards, and widespread waterlogging. Given these challenges, it is imperative for the government to implement a well structured LULC policy to curb unplanned and haphazard land conversions, ensuring sustainable urban development in the region.” Uttam Gadhe | Shridhar Pednekar "Dynamics of Land Use/Land Cover in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India: A Systematic Review Through the ICA Framework" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78440.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/geography/78440/dynamics-of-land-useland-cover-in-mumbai-maharashtra-india-a-systematic-review-through-the-ica-framework/uttam-gadhe

The primary objective of this systematic review is to analyse land use and land cover LULC changes in Greater Mumbai, Maharashtra, from 2006 to 2024. This study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers and local communities to ensure effective land resource management in the region. The review follows the Initialization, Conceptualization, and Actualization ICA framework to assess existing research on LULC changes in the study area. Relevant literature was retrieved from the Scopus database using keywords related to LULC. A comprehensive analysis of the available studies revealed a gap in systematic reviews specifically addressing LULC transformations in Greater Mumbai. This gap motivated the present study to synthesize and highlight key LULC trends. Geospatial technology based studies have consistently shown a significant increase in built up areas in Mumbai, while vegetation, water bodies, cropland, and barren land have declined considerably. Rapid population growth and urbanization have been identified as the primary drivers of these changes. These drastic LULC transformations have led to severe environmental consequences, including intensified urban heat islands, increased flood hazards, and widespread waterlogging. Given these challenges, it is imperative for the government to implement a well structured LULC policy to curb unplanned and haphazard land conversions, ensuring sustainable urban development in the region.” Uttam Gadhe | Shridhar Pednekar "Dynamics of Land Use/Land Cover in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India: A Systematic Review Through the ICA Framework" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78440.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/geography/78440/dynamics-of-land-useland-cover-in-mumbai-maharashtra-india-a-systematic-review-through-the-ica-framework/uttam-gadhe

The advancements in mobile networks over the generations have been remarkable, with broad improvements typically observed for each generation. As we begin to transition into the 6G era, it will be important to see what technologies, applications, and challenges mold this new state of connectivity. This paper explores the journey from AI centric 6G networks, work being done to secure them, technology matters, and recommendations for future research on 6 G. 6G has the potential to change the future state in many industries including smart cities, self driving, virtual reality, gaming, health care, industrial automation, and UAV communication. But, 6G deployment will involve risk to security related to vulnerabilities in architecture, data privacy, and security issues we may not yet know. Possible technological solutions explored will focus on post quantum cryptography public key algorithms , blockchain authentication, hierarchical security models, and standardized electronic network security protocols. Major 6 G denoting technologies we see used include terahertz communication, ultra massive MIMO, beamforming, cell free massive MIMO, millimeter waves, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, quantum communication, and UAV satellite networks. Future work will include high frequency communication, AI network management, efficient hardware, and secure encryptions like quantum key distribution QKD . This survey offers a comprehensive and explicit perspective on the promise of AI enabled 6G wireless communication networks. Sougata Mondal | Souvik Sarkar | Shreejita Mukherjee "AI-Driven 6G Networks: Evolution, Security Challenges, and Future Directions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78473.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/78473/aidriven-6g-networks-evolution-security-challenges-and-future-directions/sougata-mondal

Acne is a disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, cysts and scars. Acne is mostly common disorder among youngsters between 14 30 years. Now a days acne is a common problem among youngsters due to diet, stress, lifestyle and environment. A one tiny pimple is being reason for embarrassment and feels unattractive. This review article contains the prevalence, causes, pathology, psychological effect, types, clinical features and homoeopathic management of acne. Dr. Digna Solanki | Dr. Urmila Bhalgariya | Dr. Hitarth Mehta "Acne: Matter of Elegance, Embarrassment, Appearance and its Homoeopathic Treatment" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78435.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/78435/acne-matter-of-elegance-embarrassment-appearance-and-its-homoeopathic-treatment/dr-digna-solanki

To study the strength of concrete by partial replacement of cement and course aggregate using RHA 0 to 20 and 0.5 Polypropylene Fiber. Concrete has better resistance in compression while steel has more resistance in tension. There are many forms of agriulture by products and waste materials. The use of such materials in concrete not solely makes it economical, but also helps in reducing disposal considerations. RHA is taken from In this research work, RHA is an agricultural by product obtained from the burning process of rice hull. It shows decrement of 59 mm. Concrete on 15 replacement of cement with RHA and 0.5 Polypropylene Fiber replacement of course aggregates, 28 days compressive strength obtained is 40.26N mm2, Split Tensile strength obtained is 7.04 N mm2 and Flexural strength obtained is 4.49N mm2 in M35 grade. Abdul Hafeez Mohammad Ayoob | Afzal Khan "Performance Evaluation of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete Made with RHA for Rigid Pavement" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78506.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/78506/performance-evaluation-of-polypropylene-fiber-reinforced-concrete-made-with-rha-for-rigid-pavement/abdul-hafeez-mohammad-ayoob

Education is a systematic process of acquiring knowledge and a continuous practice of developing ones full potential. Through the process of education, it helps to reveal the full development of a persons inherent qualities. At the same time, one acquires the necessary skills to become a contributing member of the society. After Indias independence, the National Commission for Education was established in 1986 for the overall development of the country and society. The National Commission has greatly enriched the country in various fields. Inclusive education is one of them. Among them, the Independent Commission for Education of India is the first to be mentioned. With the formulation of NEP 2020, the first education policy of the 21st century, it has evolved into a new paradigm for the Indian education system, revolutionizing it, especially in higher education. In an effort to make India a global knowledge superpower and to implement major reforms in the education system of the country. The main aim and objective of this study is to make a comparative discussion between National Education Policy 1986 and India Inclusive Education Policy 2020. The sources of data include newspapers, NPE 1986 and NEP 2020 reports, government websites, various journals, etc. The major findings of the present study show that the procedures and teaching system of inclusive education have been changed in accordance with the earlier policies. Umasankar Mandal "NPE 1986 and NEP 2020 on Inclusive Education in India a Comparative Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78493.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/78493/npe-1986-and-nep-2020-on-inclusive-education-in-india-a-comparative-study/umasankar-mandal

Sentiment analysis has become a critical tool in understanding online discussions opinions, sentiments, and emotional tone, particularly on social media platforms. In this study, we explore sentiment analysis using Support Vector Machines SVM on the Sentiment140 dataset, a large scale Twitter dataset. The Sentiment140 dataset is pre labelled, containing tweets labelled as positive, negative, or neutral, and is widely used for sentiment classification tasks. We implement SVM, a powerful supervised learning algorithm, to classify the sentiments expressed in tweets. The study focuses on data pre processing, feature extraction, model training, and evaluation, providing insights into how SVM can be leveraged for effective sentiment analysis in social media applications. We demonstrate that SVM, coupled with the Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency TF IDF method, can achieve high classification accuracy in predicting tweet sentiments. Kajal Matondkar "Sentiment Analysis on Social Media using Support Vector Machines (SVM)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78498.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/78498/sentiment-analysis-on-social-media-using-support-vector-machines-svm/kajal-matondkar

With the rapid development of the logistics industry, the demand for professional logistics talent has grown significantly. As a city rich in educational resources, Beijing hosts numerous universities offering logistics related programs. Guan Yawen | Huang Yixuan | Lu Haiyang | Song Mengxin | Jiang Chan’an | Liu Jinying | Guo Manjun | Li Kexin | Chang Jiayu | Bai Yuting "Analysis of the Current Status of Logistics Talent Cultivation in Beijing Universities Based on CNKI Retrieval" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78466.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/statistics/78466/analysis-of-the-current-status-of-logistics-talent-cultivation-in-beijing-universities-based-on-cnki-retrieval/guan-yawen

Space science and technology has applications in various aspects, such as health, education, finance, oil and mineral exploration, the environment, etc. But despite these numerous applications, especially in the day to day life of the people, the study of space science education is at the lowest ebb. This work was aimed at discussing the challenges facing the study of space science education in Nigeria, especially at the primary and post primary schools. From the results, it was observed that space science education has many benefits, such as inspiring students to explore the universe, enhancing national security, supporting economic growth and development, and inspiring students to pursue careers in emerging fields like planetary science, etc., but there are also impediments to this education, such as limited resources and funding, a lack of qualified educators, curriculum constraints, limited access to technology and equipment, etc. It was concluded that space science education has a lot of benefits that society can derive from, even as it is faced with numerous challenges. Yusuf T. Olatunbosun | Abdullahi Ayegba | Amodu Umoru Simeon | Ikwunne Chinenye Ndidiamaka | Urukwe Ando | Fatima Adamu Sule | Nyabam Mopa Ashem "Assessment of the Challenges Facing Space Science Education in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78542.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/78542/assessment-of-the-challenges-facing-space-science-education-in-nigeria/yusuf-t-olatunbosun

Single element microstrip patch antennas face significant challenges, including low gain and narrow bandwidth, which restrict their broader applications. This paper focuses on the design and simulation of rectangular microstrip patch antenna RMPA arrays to enhance gain performance compared to a single element RMPA for Drone and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle UAV applications. The process is done with the help of Computer Simulation Technology CST microwave studio. The resonant frequency, substrate material, and substrate height were first specified, followed by the design of a single element RMPA as the initial step in the design process. The single element was excited by the quarter wave feed line method for good impedance matching network. The two element and four element RMPA arrays were designed using the single element RMPA as the fundamental building block. The performance of the designed and simulated antennas were evaluated and compared in terms of gain, return loss and radiated power. The results revealed that, the gain increased from 7.61 dB single element to 9.64 dB 2×1 array to 10.7 dB 4×1 array . Compared to the single element RMPA the return loss of 23.61 dB, the 2×1 and 4×1 RMPA arrays achieved a return loss of 26.78 dB and 30.97 dB respectively. The radiated power analysis revealed that the 4×1 array achieved the highest transmission efficiency at 99.92 , surpassing the single element 97.78 and the 2×1 array 99.48 . The 4×1 array is the best performing configuration, with optimal impedance matching. This study confirms that increasing the number of elements enhances gain and directivity, leading to better radiation focus and power efficiency. Aremu, O. A. | Ajao, O. S. | Makinde, O. S. | Adeniji J. A. "Design, Simulation, and Performance Evaluation of 2.4 GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna Arrays with Power Divider for UAV and Drone Applications" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd76329.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/76329/design-simulation-and-performance-evaluation-of-24-ghz-microstrip-patch-antenna-arrays-with-power-divider-for-uav-and-drone-applications/aremu-o-a

Church ministers often face significant psychological challenges due to the demands of their pastoral duties, including emotional labor, congregational expectations, and administrative responsibilities. This study examines the coping mechanisms employed by church ministers in Nairobi County, Kenya, with an emphasis on their psychological well being and ministerial performance. Grounded in the Resilience Theory, the research investigates internal and external protective factors that enable ministers to manage stress and maintain their effectiveness in ministry. Using a descriptive research design, the study collected data from a representative sample of 306 church ministers across various denominations. Data collection methods included self administered questionnaires and semi structured interviews, triangulated with document analysis to enhance reliability and validity. The findings revealed that spiritual practices, such as prayer and meditation, are the most frequently used coping mechanisms, providing both comfort and resilience. Social support from family, peers, and congregational members also emerged as a critical resource for managing stress. Additionally, professional counseling, physical exercise, and engagement in creative hobbies were identified as effective strategies for alleviating psychological distress. The study highlighted the interplay between cultural, social, and religious contexts in shaping coping strategies. For instance, traditional African communal practices blended with Christian rituals were noted as unique approaches to stress management among Kenyan clergy. Demographic factors, such as age, education level, and ministerial roles, influenced the selection and efficacy of coping mechanisms, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions. The research underscores the importance of integrated support systems, including peer mentoring, stress management workshops, and access to mental health resources, to enhance the psychological well being of church ministers. Recommendations include fostering culturally sensitive resilience building programs, promoting a balance between personal spirituality and professional counseling, and encouraging physical activities to mitigate stress. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on clergy mental health, providing valuable insights for religious organizations, policymakers, and mental health practitioners. By addressing the unique challenges faced by church ministers in Nairobi County, the research advocates for holistic and context specific interventions that prioritize the mental health and overall well being of spiritual leaders, ensuring their sustained effectiveness in their ministerial roles. Siver Kibuh "Analysis on the Coping Mechanisms Employed by Church Ministers in Response to Their Psychological Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78543/analysis-on-the-coping-mechanisms-employed-by-church-ministers-in-response-to-their-psychological-challenges/siver-kibuh

Home accidents are leading cause of preventable disabilities and deaths among toddlers. The main cause of home accident is general negligence of safety at home. Toddlers being less aware of danger at one of the most vulnerable groups expose accidents in developed countries. Safe behaviour is a learned behaviour gradually acquired in a step by step process with increasing age and experience. Materials and Methods The research approach adopted for the study was descriptive research approach. The research design adopted for the study was non experimental research design. Non probability convenience sampling technique was used. The data was collected through the tool which is prepared by the investigator. The sample consists of the 100 mothers. Collected data analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation.Result Findings of the study revealed that out of 100 mothers 62 of mothers have good knowledge, 37 of mothers have average knowledge and 1 of mothers have poor knowledge regarding home accidents and their prevention.Finding of the study revealed that out of 100 subjects 99 subjects place sharp objects in a locked drawer away from the reach of the child in their homes, 96 subjects check the gas cylinder at the time of cooking, 53 subjects use soap and water as a first aid when honey bee stings, 78 subjects use door stopper to prevent their child’s hands from stucking up in the door.Conclusion Study concludes that mothers have good level of knowledge. Rizwan Khan | Gurpreet Brar | Jyoti | S. K Garg "A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practices of Mothers Regarding Prevention of Home Accidents among their Toddlers in Selected Communities of Fazilka, Punjab" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/78544/a-descriptive-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-and-practices-of-mothers-regarding-prevention-of-home-accidents-among-their-toddlers-in-selected-communities-of-fazilka-punjab/rizwan-khan

Bioinformatics in Ayurveda has the potential to revolutionize the field by providing scientific validation for Ayurvedic practices, help researchers in understanding disease mechanisms that cause degenerative disorders. which include diseases such as Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Huntingtons, osteoarthritis, and other conditions characterized by the progressive degeneration of tissues, cells, or organs. By leveraging computational tools and data driven insights, bioinformatics aids in understanding the molecular mechanisms of these diseases, identifying potential therapeutic targets, and accelerating the development of effective treatments. It is the key to future commercialization of sequence data from human genome project will be to develop informatics technology that transforms this data into information that is useful for diagnosis and therapy. In this new wave of revolution and commercialization our traditional system of ayurveda needs renovation. This work mainly provides information regarding how bioinformatics plays a role in drug development and understanding the disease mechanism in degenerative disorders. Dr. G. Meghana | Dr. K. Madhusudana Rao | Dr. R. Yamini Diwakar | Dr. T. Leela Rani "Analytical Approach on Application of Bioinformatics in Drug Development in the Management of Degenerative Disorders" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78489.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/78489/analytical-approach-on-application-of-bioinformatics-in-drug-development-in-the-management-of-degenerative-disorders/dr-g-meghana

Precast Girders Commonly Used in Bridge like ROB, RUB, Flyovers, Expressways etc. to achieve fast construction, with minimum disturbance of exist traffic and better design methodology. The present study is concerned with analyze the precast I Girder or T beam type super structures generally adopted in most of the national high ways in the country. A typical precast I beam girder generally comprises the longitudinal reinforced concrete girder with a cast in situ continuous deck slab and cross girders or diaphragms to provide lateral rigidity to the bridge. This paper describes the comparative analysis with IRC loading of cast in situ T beam and precast concrete I girder with cast in situ deck slab super structure. In this study is also aims at understanding the effects of to apply moving load and vehicle load test to study the maximum deflections occur in bridge. The selected Geometry model is done by using Midas civil 2022 software. Therefore, Analyses the model over Loading Combination to Study the Behavior over the Bending moment at Support, mid spans, Shear forces at Support and deflection Causes due to Applied IRC Loading and Their Combination. Results extracted from the Midas Software further enhanced with multiplication factor incl. Congestion factor and impact factor on live loads. In this Present Study analysis precast concrete I girder with cast in situ deck slab give the 12 15 lesser moment and 16 20 lesser Shear Force at continuous support in comparison to the cast in situ T beam super structure. Juhi Sharma | Dr. P. K Singhai "Comparative Analysis of Precast RCC I Beam Girder and Cast in Situ T-Beam Bridges under Continuous Span by Midas Civil (2022)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78490.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/structural-engineering/78490/comparative-analysis-of-precast-rcc-i-beam-girder-and-cast-in-situ-tbeam-bridges-under-continuous-span-by-midas-civil-2022/juhi-sharma

The increasing presence of Chinese language education in Africa has generated interest in understanding students’ perceptions, motivations, and challenges. In Cameroon, universities such as Garoua University have integrated Chinese into their curricula to meet growing demand. This study examines the attitudes of Cameroonian university students toward learning Chinese, using a mixed methods approach with surveys 120 students and interviews 20 students, 5 instructors . Findings reveal that students view Chinese as valuable for economic opportunities, cultural exchange, and academic advancement. However, challenges such as linguistic complexity, limited resources, and job market uncertainties affect motivation. The study highlights the need for improved teaching strategies, enhanced learning resources, and clearer academic and professional pathways for Chinese language learners in Cameroon. Ke Shan | Babong Richard "Study on Perceptions of Chinese Language Learning among Cameroonian University Students: The Case of Garoua University" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78355.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/78355/study-on-perceptions-of-chinese-language-learning-among-cameroonian-university-students-the-case-of-garoua-university/ke-shan

Identity management refers to how an organization identifies and authenticates individuals for access to its networks or applications. The process ensures that individuals and groups have the right access, rights, and restrictions with established identities for the organizational resources while keeping their assets and data secure. Controlling who has access to these resources can be challenging without effective identity management. Identity management is important because it aids in preventing security events like data leaks and illegal access. From logging into email and collaboration platforms to accessing corporate resources, identity management plays a pivotal role in daily interactions online. In this paper, we will explore the role of identity management solutions in securing users and devices. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Identity Management" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78579.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/78579/identity-management/matthew-n-o-sadiku

The prevalent skeletal disorder known as osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mineral density and an increased risk of fracture. Even though alendronate, also known as bisphosphonate, is commonly used to treat osteoporosis, oral administration of this drug has been associated with low absorption and gastrointestinal side effects. The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate an alendronate loaded nanoemulsion to enhance medication permeability and bioavailability. Nanoemulsions are a promising drug delivery technique because of their small droplet size, high solubility, and improved stability. The formulation process involves selecting the appropriate oil, surfactant, and co surfactant to optimize the nanoemulsions characteristics. The stability, zeta potential, pH, viscosity, and particle size of the produced nanoemulsion are evaluated. Ex vivo and in vitro investigations evaluate the effectiveness of skin penetration and medication release characteristics. This nanoemulsion based approach has the potential to improve osteoporosis care, lessen side effects, and increase patient adherence by addressing the drawbacks of traditional oral alendronate therapy. The results of the study help create new, patient friendly drug delivery strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis. Ankit Singh | Mr. Jiyaul Hak | Dr. Divya Pathak "A Review on Nanoemulsion-Based Delivery of Alendronate for Enhanced Osteoporosis Management for Bone Health" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78545.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmaceutics/78545/a-review-on-nanoemulsionbased-delivery-of-alendronate-for-enhanced-osteoporosis-management-for-bone-health/ankit-singh

Pharmacokinetics PK is actually doing the study how human or animal body interacts with administered substances inside the body till expulsion from the body as urine, stool, sweat etc. It consists of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion process ADME of the body. The absorption is the rate at which a drug enters the systemic circulation from its site of drug administration. Drug distribution is the process of distribution of drug in various organs and tissues. Metabolism of a drug is taking the drug substances as pathogen removing and energy producing, unused drug substance can easily excrete out from the body. Excretion takes part in the elimination of drug from the blood circulation system into bile, urine, feces, sweat, and air. Thus homeopathic medicine which contains few atoms of medicinal substance is very fast working in the human body by absorbing in sublingual and submandibular glands without any side effects. Dr. Pijush Kanti Bhattacharjee | Rohan Dey "Pharmacokinetics in Homoeopathy System of Medicines" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78499.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/physiology/78499/pharmacokinetics-in-homoeopathy-system-of-medicines/dr-pijush-kanti-bhattacharjee

Some special elements such as ternary lateral sub idempotent, regular, singular were characterized by various properties in ternary semiring. We have examined the equivalent conditions like the relation between binary regular, ternary regular and also Regular, Right regular, Left regular and Lateral regular etc. We proved that Left, Right, Lateral singular elements are multiplicative idempotent undermost some special condition. B. Deepan | S. Anbalagan "Some Results in Ternary Lateral Sub Idempotent" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2 , April 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78492.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/algebra/78492/some-results-in-ternary-lateral-sub-idempotent/b-deepan