Land is one of the main resources of the state, and effective management of land resources affects the development of both the country as a whole and its individual territories.

Abstract. The attention is focused on the need to classify lands and land plots that have been negatively affected by military actions on the territory of Ukraine, and to establish restrictions on their use. The fragmentation of regulatory and legal regulation and the lack of a holistic approach to determining the legal regime of land plots that have been negatively affected by military actions have been revealed. The generalization of scientific works on land classification became the basis for the formation of theoretical principles of the classifier of lands damaged as a result of military actions. The historical experience of using lands that have been negatively affected by military actions has been analyzed, using the example of the French Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany, which are based on scientific approaches to the classification of damaged territories and their restoration. The significance of creating a classification of lands damaged as a result of military actions as a key element in the formation of approaches to their restoration has been emphasized. A classification of lands damaged as a result of military actions has been formed, which includes five main groups: physically damaged lands; littered lands; contaminated lands; mined lands; mixed pollution and land contamination. A classifier structure has been developed that details the types of disturbed lands, their subspecies, classes by the degree of disturbance, the level of complexity of reclamation and restrictions on further use. A classifier structure for disturbed lands as a result of military operations has been proposed, which takes into account all the specified criteria and contributes to the development of effective measures for their restoration. Keywords: classification of disturbed lands, classifier of disturbed lands, military operations, land resources, land reclamation, contaminated lands, mined territories, restrictions on land use, contaminated lands, land restoration, post-war reconstruction, assessment of land condition, land management.

This article analyzes the current state of the potential of renewable energy resources in the Transcarpathian region. The main problems of the use of renewable energy resources by territorial communities of the region are identified and the main problems that hinder the construction of new renewable energy (RE) facilities are clarified. In order to determine the strategic directions of development of balanced environmental management of territorial communities and the prospects for the development of renewable energy resources of Transcarpathia, up-to-date information on the development of the unique potential of renewable energy resources (RE) is updated as of mid-2024. Taking into account the inexpediency of resuming the operation of the Burshtyn TPP, which provided the energy needs of Transcarpathia, the prospects and importance of accelerating the achievement of the goals of self-energy supply of Transcarpathia and sustainable development in the long term by activating the development of the existing unique RE potential are considered. Given the significant destruction of the Unified Energy System (UES) facilities by the Russian occupiers, on August 13, 2024, the government approved the National Action Plan for Renewable Energy until 2030, which provides for accelerating the diversification, decarbonization, decentralization and security of the Unified Energy System, commissioning 24 GW of green energy generating capacities, and achieving a 27% share of its share in total electricity consumption. This requires the construction of 6.1 GW of wind power, 12.2 GW of solar power, 4.7 GW of hydropower, 876 MW of bioenergy, and 40 MW of geothermal energy. In the current realities of martial law, this must be done quickly, reliably, and rationally in terms of financial costs and environmental protection. Therefore, to achieve the above indicators, it is important to develop existing renewable energy resources (RER) in all regions of Ukraine, which, due to their spatial distribution and proximity to consumers, will strengthen the stability of the unified energy system (UES). Keywords: green energy, geothermal energy, solar energy, small hydropower, wind energy, ecology, sustainable development of territories, decarbonization, energy self-sufficiency.

The scientific article examines the problems of anthropogenic landscape change as a result of amber mining and justifies measures for their restoration. Amber mining is an important economic process, but it causes significant disruptions to natural ecosystems and landscapes. Uncontrolled mining leads to soil degradation, changes in relief, loss of biodiversity, and disruption of the hydrological regime of territories. The article presents an analysis of the environmental consequences of illegal amber mining and its impact on the landscapes of Polissya. In particular, the process of quarry formation, destruction of vegetation cover, and the formation of new erosional landforms is considered. Aspects of detecting changes in the landscape of the studied area using multispectral satellite images of medium spatial resolution Sentinel in the dynamics of time periods are considered. The cost of restoring disturbed lands in the model area by recultivating disturbed lands is calculated. Based on the analysis, a set of measures for the recultivation of disturbed territories is proposed. The main attention is paid to the ecological restoration of lands through reclamation, planting of indigenous plant species and restoration of the natural water balance. The importance of scientifically based planning of reclamation works to ensure the stability of natural ecosystems in the post-mining period is also substantiated. The developed recommendations are aimed at ensuring sustainable development of the region by restoring natural landscapes and improving the ecological situation. The application of the proposed measures will help minimize the negative consequences of amber mining and ensure the rational use of land resources in the future. Keywords: land protection, land management, land reclamation, land management, land improvement, amber mining.

The article examines the problems of Ukraine in the field of agricultural production within the framework of the European integration process. An assessment of the state of the agricultural production potential and land fund of Ukraine is carried out. The indicators of agro-industrial production of agricultural products of Ukraine and its separate region (Kirovograd region) are described. A comparative analysis of the number of business entities, production volumes of crop and livestock products for 2021 (pre-war period) and for 2022 (post-war period) is carried out in the context of Ukraine and Kirovograd region based on materials from the State Statistics Service in order to assess the capabilities and competitiveness of Ukraine in the foreign market. The issues of the decline in agricultural production are described and the losses of agricultural production since the beginning of the full-scale invasion are estimated.

The study was conducted on scientific and methodological approaches to land management design in the context of organizing organic agriculture in Ukraine. Special attention is paid to the formation of a systematic approach to environmentally balanced land use and its coordination with the requirements for certification of organic products according to international standards, in particular the regulations of the European Union. The components of land management design are determined, including: selection of suitable land plots in compliance with environmental safety criteria; creation of buffer zones to prevent external pollution; minimization of the impact of neighboring farms engaged in traditional agriculture; spatial zoning; rational placement of crops and livestock facilities. Approaches to the formation of crop rotations based on scientifically substantiated crop rotation, the use of perennial grasses and sideral crops in order to restore soil fertility and improve the ecological balance within organic farming are considered. Special attention is paid to the use of innovative technologies - geographic information systems, remote monitoring, which contribute to increasing the efficiency of management decisions. The importance of constant monitoring of soil conditions, compliance with environmental standards, certification procedures and the implementation of product origin tracking systems as a necessary condition for transparency and quality assurance is substantiated. Keywords: organic agriculture, land management planning, land use organization, soil protection, environmental safety, sustainable development, certification of organic products, buffer zones.

The so-called Framework approach to the research and design of complex spatial information systems (SpIS) is considered. An example of such SpIS is the National Geospatial Data Infrastructure (NGDI) of Ukraine in the sense documented as of the end of 2024 in the Law of Ukraine “About NGDI” and in the Terms of Reference for the National NGDI geoportal. Due to the ambiguity of the term, it is advisable to consider the approach from three viewpoints (interpretations). In this paper, attention paid to one of these three viewpoints - the approach as a strategy. This strategy, as well as the Framework approach itself, called constructive, because they based on the so-called Conceptual Framework and Solutions Framework (SoFr) of the SpIS. According to the authors, the proposed strategy will solve the most important problem of the NGDI today - the actual lack of a strategy. In addition, the Framework approach will help in solving the three biggest problems of the NGDI today: product, process, and expertise (quality control). In the domains of NGDI and NSII (National Spatial Information Infrastructure) and in their contexts, the most important are three viewpoints (interpretations) on the Framework approach as a: 1) specific constructive strategy for using geographic information systems and technologies (GIS&T) to manage the territory of Ukraine; 2) generalization of the methodology for dealing with SpIS such as NGDI and NSII; 3) ?-method, which is denoted by ?SoFr, where ? means general, and which “works” at the level (stratum) of IGIM (Integrated Geospatial Information Framework) for Ukraine. The limitations of the article allow us to dwell in more detail only on the consideration of the first interpretation. The second and third interpretations are only formulated for general understanding and with the expectation of sufficiency for next planning of the NGDI project. One of the concretizations of the Framework approach is the so-called “AtlasSF Framework approach”. It is a generalization of the AtlasSF (Atlas Solutions Framework) method and tool, which previously used to create (classic) Atlas systems (AtS). The AtlasSF Framework approach is a hierarchy of three homogeneous Solutions Framework (SoFr) methods. They called General (?), Conceptual (ß) and Application (a) SoFr, respectively, and combined into a hierarchical system (model) - Conceptual Framework of the subject X, where X, in addition to AtS, can take the values of NGDI or NSII. The Framework approach is proposed to use for the solutions of main and actual now NGDI project problems as follows. The first problem – called product – is solved by harmonizing the model of the existing NSII of Ukraine with the INSPIRE model. To make this solution constructive it is recommended the notion of Atlas GIS (AGIS, AGIS-CH) and the currently known implementations of its parts, proven in solving Cultural Heritage problems. The second problem – called process – is solved by using the AtlasSF Framework approach. The specifics are the application of the ?-, ß-, and a- SoFr methods of this approach. The not yet created ?SoFr method should be a meta-method of ßSoFr, working at the level (stratum) to which the IGIF projection for Ukraine belongs. The IGIF projection includes the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) and its subset NGDI, ßSoFr is an update of the GeoSolutions Framework, and aSoFr is the current revision of AtlasSF1.0+. The third problem – quality assurance of key solutions – is solved by using the V-model of development, in which validation and verification of solutions must immediately conforms the requirements and architecture. In addition, the frameworks used are architectural patterns that should be "typical" solutions. Otherwise, the pattern (framework) cannot be a “typical solution to a typical problem”.

According to current legislation, the highest priority among all lands belongs to agricultural lands. This category is extremely important due to the use of land resources to provide society with food. Today, the largest share of land plots is in the private sector, used by individuals and legal entities. Quite often, lands are used contrary to their natural characteristics and intended purpose. As a result, the quality of agricultural lands, their natural fertility, water and wind erosion, etc., significantly decrease. In order to avoid such negative consequences of irrational land use, it is advisable to organize lands based on the justification of design decisions. Land organization was carried out for LLC "Korostyshivzeminvest" of the Gorodsky Starostynsky District of Zhytomyr Region. In general, the territory of the farm is characterized by a temperate continental climate with sufficient moisture supply and optimal temperature indicators. Taking into account the relief of the land use area and the distribution by agricultural subgroups of soils, a five-field field crop rotation was proposed with the following crops: winter wheat; corn, winter rapeseed; spring cereals (barley, wheat); corn; soybeans. The cultivation of these crops is expected to result in a positive humus balance and its growth compared to the pre-project state (+627,7 kg/ha).

Industry 4.0 has brought transformative changes across economic, environmental, and land use dimensions, driving innovations through IoT, AI, and cloud computing technologies. This revolution fosters economic growth, promotes circular economies, and integrates renewable energy technologies. However, these advancements present challenges, including rising e-waste, energy demands, and socio-economic disparities. The study uses a qualitative research approach, synthesizing insights from recent literature and employing comparative analysis. Sources include peer-reviewed articles, case studies, and industry reports focusing on the impacts of Industry 4.0 on urbanization, sustainability, and economic growth. Data from these studies have been analyzed to identify trends, challenges, and actionable solutions. Industry 4.0 facilitates the development of new business models and improves operational efficiency through interconnectivity and analytics. Renewable energy technologies, precision agriculture, and real-time emissions monitoring showcase the environmental potential of this revolution. However, the reliance on data centers and rare earth resources highlights the ecological challenges. Figures in the article illustrate Industry 4.0’s cross-industry impacts and propose frameworks for sustainable production processes. Research materials provide details on the contributions of Industry 4.0 in enabling circular economies and improving resource management. Policymakers and businesses must address the dual nature of Industry 4.0 by implementing e-waste regulations, investing in renewable energy, and ensuring equitable socio-economic benefits. Future research should focus on scalable energy storage, urban planning innovations, and reducing disparities between large corporations and SMEs. Industry 4.0 is reshaping global systems, offering immense potential for sustainable development. Achieving this requires a balanced approach that aligns technological advancements with ecological and social responsibilities.