The article examines the modern theoretical and methodological principles of land resources and land use management in Ukraine in the context of post-war reconstruction, land relations reform and transformation of the land management system. The evolution of scientific approaches to the interpretation of the concept of land resources management is analyzed, and domestic and international experience in the formation of multifunctional land management systems is summarized. The need to transition from the traditional management model, focused on a separate land plot, to a new concept based on a spatial approach and implemented according to the principle of "from general to partial" - from the national level to the level of a territorial community and individual land use is substantiated. Key functions and management tools at different hierarchical levels are identified, as well as the role of land management as a basic mechanism for implementing state land policy. Special attention is paid to the integration of spatial planning tools, digital geoinformation technologies, cadastral systems and modern mechanisms for information support of management decisions, which ensure increased transparency and efficiency of land resources management. It is shown that the implementation of a comprehensive multifunctional system of land resources and land use management will contribute to increasing the efficiency of land use, ensuring their protection, developing territorial communities, strengthening environmental safety, improving state land management and creating conditions for sustainable socio-economic development of Ukraine.

The article examines the evolution of digital tools for land resource management in Ukraine through the lens of changing technological paradigms. Three successive generations of digital solutions are distinguished: the first, based on geographic information systems and digital soil mapping; the second, on machine-learning methods and the digital-twin concept; and the third, on generative artificial intelligence and large-language-model (LLM) agents. The study analyses the state of the national regulatory framework, data infrastructure and human capacity in the land-cadastre domain. It is shown that the transition to the third generation is not merely a quantitative improvement of individual indicators but a qualitative redefinition of the human role in spatial analysis: the analyst shifts from operator to task-setter, while the agent autonomously plans and performs the analytical process. Using a unified set of parameters, a comparative characterisation of the three generations is compiled, and a matrix of barriers and opportunities is formed across five domains — data, human capacity, regulation, financing and security. Key prerequisites for a technological-leapfrogging trajectory are substantiated in the context of post-war reconstruction and European integration, together with the imperative of a human-in-the-loop principle for legally significant cadastral data.

In light of global challenges—climate change, soil degradation, the digitalisation of the economy, biodiversity loss, the intensification of urbanisation processes, and the growing anthropogenic pressure on land resources—there is an urgent need to rethink the conceptual foundations of land management science in Ukraine. With this objective in mind, a retrospective analysis was conducted of the development of land management thought by Ukrainian scholars over a long historical period, which made it possible to establish the need for a critical reevaluation of the accumulated body of scientific work and its adaptation to contemporary realities, without losing its methodological value. The study also examined and substantiated the integration of the classical theoretical and methodological approaches of the domestic scientific school with current international standards and land management technologies. The analysis revealed conceptual points of convergence between established scientific traditions and the latest global practices and identified avenues for their mutual enrichment. At the same time, the researchers emphasise a fundamental point: the integration of domestic land management science into the international scientific discourse should be viewed not as a reason to lose the unique achievements accumulated over the long history of land management thought in Ukraine, but as a compelling argument for their preservation, updating, and recognition at the international level. Researchers argue that it is precisely this approach that forms the methodological foundation for a comprehensive comparative analysis of the development of land management science in the Ukrainian and global academic spheres, conducted in light of current global challenges and based on a balanced combination of national scientific traditions and international best practices.

The article examines the quality of land management works as a complex multidimensional category that cannot be reduced to the mere absence of formal errors, compliance with the prescribed form of documentation, or its minimum conformity with legal and regulatory requirements. It is substantiated that, under current conditions of the digitalization of land-cadastral, registration, and spatial planning procedures, the quality of land management documentation should be considered as an integral property of a professional output combining the completeness of land management surveys, the accuracy of the topographic and geodetic basis, the soundness of the planning decision, regulatory correctness, as well as the ability of the documentation to minimize the risks associated with the acquisition, confirmation, and exercise of land rights. It is shown that the current control practice in Ukraine has historically focused primarily on verifying the technical validity of electronic documents, topological connectivity, logical consistency, and the format suitability of geospatial data, whereas the issues of survey completeness, the evidentiary soundness of the planning decision, and the post-project sustainability of the legal outcome remain much less developed methodologically. The purpose of the study is to provide a theoretical and methodological substantiation of the essence of the quality of land management works, to develop a system of its structural elements, to elaborate a qualimetric approach to the assessment of land management documentation, and to identify quality management tools suitable for professional, administrative, and automated digital control. The methodological framework is based on systemic, structural-functional, formal-legal, comparative-legal, and qualimetric approaches, while the source base includes the legislation of Ukraine, international standards of geographic information quality, documents in the field of land administration, as well as current procedures for the electronic validation of land management documentation. A model of land management documentation quality is proposed, including five interrelated dimensions: completeness of surveys, accuracy of geodetic works, substantiation of the planning decision, regulatory compliance, and practical fitness for achieving the legal result. A system of quantitative metrics and an integral approach to quality assessment have been developed, suitable for implementation in computer-aided design systems, the State Land Cadastre, the urban planning cadastre, and related public information resources. The prospects for using artificial intelligence for the intelligent analysis of documentation, anomaly detection, verification of the actual existence of objects, support of planning decisions, and the development of risk-oriented control are substantiated separately, provided that it does not replace professional and administrative discretion. The practical value of the article lies in forming a conceptually coherent and instrumentally applicable framework for the transition from formal control of documentation to systemic quality management of land management works in Ukraine.

The article examines the historical stages of the formation and development of land management and cadastral works in the Kirovohrad region as important components of the land resource management system. The prerequisites for the formation of the land accounting system were analyzed, starting from the period of the Russian Empire, when the first boundary works were carried out, the territories were mapped, and the documents necessary for determining the boundaries of land holdings and regulating land relations were created. The peculiarities of land management measures in the 18th–XIX centuries and their influence on the formation of the land structure of the region are considered. The importance of agrarian reforms of the second half of the 19th century is highlighted, in particular after the abolition of serfdom, which contributed to the activation of land management processes, clarification of land plot boundaries, and streamlining of the land use system. The role of zemstvo institutions and state bodies in carrying out land management and evaluation works, as well as in accumulating information about land resources, is determined. Special attention was paid to the Soviet period of land management development, when land resources were transferred to state ownership, and the main goal of land management works became the provision of the needs of collective and state agriculture. The processes of consolidation of land uses, organization of collective farms and state farms, land inventory and creation of thematic cartographic materials are analyzed. The influence of state policy on the structure of the land fund of the region and the peculiarities of land accounting in the conditions of a centralized management system are considered. The post-war stage of land management development was separately characterized, which was accompanied by the introduction of scientifically based approaches to the organization of the territory, the improvement of land resource assessment methods, the development of geodetic works and the creation of prerequisites for the formation of a modern system of the state land cadastre. It was established that it was during this period that the foundations of an integrated approach to land use and protection were laid. The current stage of the development of cadastral works in the Kirovohrad region after Ukraine gained independence and carried out land reform has been studied. The impact of the adoption of the Land Code of Ukraine, the formation of the land market, the improvement of the legal framework and the introduction of digital technologies in the field of land relations is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the implementation of geoinformation systems, automated cadastral databases, electronic document management and the creation of the Public Cadastral Map of Ukraine, which ensured an increase in the openness, availability and reliability of information about land resources. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the development of land management and cadastral works in the Kirovohrad region reflects the general trends of the transformation of land relations in Ukraine. It was determined that the modern land cadastre system is an important tool for effective management of land resources, ensuring rational land use, land protection, increasing the investment attractiveness of territories and implementing the principles of sustainable development of the region.

The article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of institutional support for the local regulatory framework as a key factor in the spatial planning and sustainable development of rural territories. The relevance of the topic is determined by the ongoing transformation of land relations in Ukraine, the deepening of decentralization processes, the strengthening role of territorial communities (hromadas) in the system of land resource management, and the pressing need for rural territory recovery in the context of post-war development. The purpose of the study is to substantiate scientific approaches to the formation and integration of local regulatory legal acts into the spatial planning system at the level of territorial communities. The research employs systemic, comparative, and analytical methods, as well as modelling, which ensured the comprehensiveness of the study, accounted for the multilevel nature of spatial development regulation, and enabled a comparison of domestic practice with the approaches applied in European Union member states.

A methodological approach to the quantitative assessment of the economic effect of introducing ecological and technological restrictions on the use of arable land in a territorial community is substantiated. The object of the study is the arable land of the Vinnytsia urban territorial community covering 8,111.8 ha, divided into three ecological and technological groups. The methodology combines pixel-level modelling of soil loss using the Universal Soil Loss Equation, with the topographic factor derived directly from the digital elevation model, the valuation of averted losses through the replacement cost of humus and plant nutrients, and the calculation of net present value across three land-use scenarios. The actual crop structure of 2022 does not comply with the norms of optimal crop ratios in rotations: the share of sunflower reaches 43.3-48.0 % against a norm of 5-9 %, while the share of row crops does not decline as erosion hazard increases, peaking at 65.2 % within the second group, where their placement is restricted by law. Modelled soil loss increases from 0.84 to 7.50 t/ha/yr across the groups, and the restrictions level it at 0.51-0.61 t/ha/yr. The net present value over a 20-year horizon ranges from -24.13 to -7.29 million UAH, with a benefit-cost ratio of 0.75-0.95, indicating that averted erosion losses alone cannot recoup the restrictions under flat terrain conditions. The novelty lies in combining digital terrain modelling with cost-benefit analysis and in a three-scenario design separating non-compliance with existing legislation from the intrinsic effect of the ecological and technological division of land.

The article addresses the problem of fragmented real estate identification in Ukraine and substantiates the need to move from a set of registry-specific keys to a unified identifier for real estate objects. The relevance of the topic follows from the fact that different public information systems currently describe the same legal and economic phenomenon through different primary keys: the State Land Cadastre uses the cadastral number of a land parcel, the State Register of Proprietary Rights uses the registration number of the object together with related attributes, the Unified State Electronic System in the Field of Construction uses its own construction object identifier, while the national address register is still being created and populated. The purpose of the study is to develop a legal and technical model of a unified identifier capable of ensuring an unambiguous link “land parcel – building or structure – building unit – address – rights and restrictions”. The methodological framework combines formal legal analysis, system-structural analysis, comparative legal method, logical-semantic analysis, and information modelling. The paper reconstructs the historical evolution of real estate identification in Ukraine and provides a detailed analysis of the structure of the cadastral number, the construction object identifier, address-related identifiers, and the registration number used in the rights register. It is demonstrated that the current interoperability model mostly transports data between registries but does not create a shared ontology of the object itself. A multi-level unified real estate identifier is proposed, rooted in the cadastral number of the land parcel and supplemented by special regimes for objects without a formed parcel and for complex multi-component objects. The scientific novelty lies in combining the spatial logic of cadastral zoning with life-cycle principles of digital identifiers. The practical significance of the proposed model lies in enabling end-to-end traceability of rights, restrictions, encumbrances, taxation, and management decisions in land administration, urban development, and state registration.

Against the backdrop of intensifying climate challenges and the degradation of agricultural landscapes in Ukraine, agroforestry and land reclamation measures are coming to the forefront as important tools for adapting to and mitigating the effects of climate change. This article justifies the relevance of developing a network of field-protective forest strips and agroforestry programs within the agricultural sector. It presents an analysis of the latest research in the field of agroforestry, which demonstrates that protective plantings increase soil resilience and boost crop yields. The aim of the study is a comprehensive assessment of the functioning of the system of protective forest strips in part of the territory of the Kurisovska Territorial Community in Odesa Oblast as an example of agroforestry adaptation. Mapping materials, statistical data on crop yields, and costs associated with establishing forest belts were used. The results showed that the existing area of field-protection plantings in the study area (total area of 3,991.77 ha, of which 3,888.68 ha is arable land) provides protection for approximately 2,220.44 ha of arable land, while unprotected land accounts for 42.90 %. The economic impact of creating new field buffer strips covering an area of 43.88 hectares (48.76 km) has been calculated: the total capital costs of the project amount to 5.158 million UAH, and the additional annual grain yield increases by 4 q/ha (for winter wheat by 4–5 q/ha) compared to unprotected plots. Taking into account the discount rate, the real value of future cash flows (revenues) and total costs (operating and capital) in the model area was determined, which over 50 years amounted to 124.51 million UAH and 18.78 million UAH, respectively. Over the 50-year period, the project’s net profit amounted to 105.72 million UAH (an average of nearly 27.50 thousand UAH/ha), indicating long-term economic viability under the established conditions. Based on an analysis of the data obtained, conclusions were drawn regarding the need to strengthen agroforestry and land reclamation policies to enhance the effectiveness of climate adaptation in the agricultural sector.

The article examines the problem of ensuring the rational use of land resources under contemporary challenges, including intensive soil degradation, climate change, and the negative consequences of military actions. The purpose of the study is to provide a scientific substantiation of a mechanism for the rational use of land resources through the improvement of land management tools based on the integration of environmental and economic criteria into modeling processes. The theoretical and methodological foundations of rational land use are analyzed. The legislative consolidation of the threefold legal nature of land resources as a territorial basis, a natural object, and a means of production is identified. A territorial spatial planning model is substantiated, in which economic efficiency is subordinated to environmental and economic standards. A system of principles for sustainable land use is considered, combining environmental safety, economic efficiency, and innovation while maintaining a balance between the interests of landowners and society. Criteria for assessing the sustainability of land use aimed at harmonizing environmental requirements and economic interests are defined. An analysis of compliance with the principles of rational land resource use is conducted using the case of Rivne Oblast. The study reveals an expansion of cultivated areas under energy-intensive industrial crops (sunflower and soybean), an intensification of pressure on the region’s soils, and a negative humus balance. A multi-objective economic and mathematical model is proposed, based on the principles of balancing the economic efficiency of land use with the environmental safety requirements of territories. The model is substantiated using the scalarization method of objective functions, which provides an effective compromise between maximizing profits from agricultural production and minimizing losses in soil fertility.

The article considers the problem of standardizing the color visualization of geospatial data during the management of agrochemical land passportization databases for agricultural purpose, the development of thematic maps, electronic atlases, and the operation of geoportals. Discrepancies between traditional subtractive print color models (CMYK, Pantone) and digital additive display models (RGB, HEX), as well as design models (HSL/HSV), were analyzed. The necessity of transitioning from verbal color descriptions in regulatory documents to the creation of technical specifications and reference color matrices (Cartographic Design System) with dual encoding (sRGB for web services and Coated FOGRA39 for printing) is substantiated. This approach prevents oversaturated shades, reduces visual fatigue, and ensures compliance with contrast and accessibility standards (WCAG 2.1). In accordance with the approved "Methodology for Agrochemical Land Passportization", 6-level spectral scales of soil nutrient availability and 6-level spectral scales of soil contamination have been formalized.

The integration of artificial intelligence and GIS technologies in geodesy is one of the most promising areas of development of modern geospatial research. Combining the capabilities of geoinformation systems with artificial intelligence algorithms allows you to automate the processes of collecting, processing, analyzing and visualizing spatial data. This contributes to increasing the accuracy of geodetic works, reducing the time of tasks and making more effective management decisions. Modern geodetic projects involve working with large volumes of spatial information obtained with the help of satellite systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, laser scanning and remote sensing of the Earth. Traditional methods of processing such data often require significant time and labor resources. The use of artificial intelligence allows automatic detection of patterns, classification of objects and performance of data analysis with high speed and accuracy.

The article defines the methodological principles of geoinformation support for planning and accounting of energy resources at the level of territorial communities. It proposes the integration of spatial datasets, digital registers of municipal infrastructure, operational monitoring systems and analytical management tools. The capabilities of geoinformation platforms during the inventory of facilities, recording energy resource losses and preparing investment projects are analysed separately. The aim of the work is to develop an applied model of the use of geoinformation technologies in the planning, monitoring and accounting of energy resources at the community level. Attention is paid to combining information on consumption volumes, the state of engineering networks, local generation reserves and the probability of emergency situations. The study is based on current regulations, official statistics, open geospatial materials, technical characteristics of networks and registers of municipal facilities. The methodological part includes system analysis, spatial modelling, economic prioritisation of measures, scenario calculations and comparative assessment of management options in the field of energy consumption. The authors argue for the need to establish a unified digital database of energy resources of a territorial community. The article presents tools for visualising areas with excessive consumption, calculating technical losses in networks and determining sites for placing solar, wind and bioenergy installations. A method for selecting investment projects is proposed, considering the payback period, technical accessibility and environmental impact. The effectiveness of combining a geographic information system with remote reading meters and a local geoportal is proven. The development of digital twins of municipal infrastructure is considered a promising direction for further research. It is also advisable to explore the possibilities of artificial intelligence in predicting energy loads. An important task remains the creation of industry standards for the exchange of spatial data.

This article examines the specifics of conducting an inventory of lands in the nature reserve fund using the Carpathian National Nature Park (CNNP) as an example. The importance of the inventory as a tool for ensuring the accuracy of data in the State Land Cadastre, establishing legally defined boundaries of land parcels, and improving the efficiency of land resource management in nature conservation areas is substantiated. The regulatory and legal framework for land management activities related to land inventory is analyzed, and the main stages of their implementation are identified. The procedure for using source cadastral, cartographic, and geodetic materials, the results of GNSS measurements, and the specifics of using Digitals software during the creation of a digital cartographic base, the generation of an electronic XML exchange file, and the development of technical documentation for land management are presented. Based on the research results, a land parcel within the nature reserve fund with an area of 2035.1825 hectares was formed, technical documentation was prepared, and state registration of the land parcel in the State Land Cadastre was completed. It was established that the use of modern geoinformation technologies, GNSS equipment, and automated tools for processing spatial data makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining land parcel boundaries, reduce the duration of desk-based data processing, and ensure that the documentation complies with current regulatory requirements. The results obtained can be used during land inventories of other sites within Ukraine’s nature reserve fund.

The full-scale military invasion of Ukraine has caused multidimensional transformations of agricultural landscapes, land cover, and ecosystems. The Sumy region, located along the northeastern border with the Russian Federation, is a critical region that has suffered from intense fighting, prolonged artillery shelling, and ongoing border clashes during the study period from 2022 to May 2026. This paper systematically evaluates the application of remote sensing and geospatial modeling techniques to detect, quantify, and monitor war-induced land abandonment, as well as physical land cover disturbances, chemical contamination, and broader environmental degradation in this theater of war. Combining recent scientific publications on the war in Ukraine and comparative global examples (Syria, Iraq, and Sudan), the effectiveness of integrating multi-sensor data, including optical (Sentinel-2, Landsat), synthetic aperture radar (SAR; Sentinel-1), thermal, and very high resolution (VHR; Maxar, WorldView) platforms, as well as advanced machine and deep learning algorithms (Random Forest, Deep Learning) and time series analysis (FANTA, two-period curve approximation), is assessed. The results of the study show that while geospatial modeling is an indispensable tool for rapid, large-scale, and non-contact damage assessment in active conflict settings, significant critical research gaps remain, namely separating short-term cessation of agricultural use from actual land abandonment caused by war, verifying such facts in the face of a severe shortage of reliable ground data, and managing sensitive geospatial information. This systematic review highlights existing methodological gaps and outlines future perspectives needed to build a harmonized spatial monitoring system capable of guiding post-conflict recovery and environmental remediation based on actual remote sensing data at the regional scale.

This paper investigates modern approaches to determining the tilt of tower-type engineering structures using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and digital photogrammetry techniques. The relevance of the research is driven by the growing need to improve the accuracy, efficiency, and safety of geodetic monitoring of high-rise engineering structures subjected to natural and anthropogenic influences throughout their operational life. A geodetic methodology for determining the tilt of industrial chimneys is proposed, based on UAV aerial image acquisition followed by photogrammetric processing of digital images using the Digitals software package. The study describes the principal stages of the proposed methodology, including flight mission planning, image acquisition, photogrammetric data processing, three-dimensional reconstruction of the structure, determination of the coordinates of characteristic points, and calculation of the tilt magnitude. Experimental investigations confirmed the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach, demonstrating its capability to provide accurate geometric characteristics of the structure and to assess its spatial position with a high degree of precision. The obtained results indicate that UAV-based photogrammetric surveying significantly reduces fieldwork duration, decreases labor intensity, enhances personnel safety during inspections of inaccessible structures, and lowers operational costs compared with conventional geodetic surveying methods. The practical significance of the research lies in the development of a universal geodetic methodology for tilt determination of tower-type engineering structures that can be effectively applied for operational inspection, technical condition assessment, deformation monitoring, and the timely detection of hazardous changes in the spatial position of high-rise engineering facilities. The proposed methodology provides an efficient, reliable, and economically feasible solution for modern engineering surveying and structural health monitoring applications.