The growing development and urbanization has made the alterations in the human life style and comfort requirement particularly in the offices and residential buildings. About 40-45% of world’s energy consumption is being consumed by these buildings and from this portion 20-25% is the share of the lighting loads only. So, the challenge of reduction of energy consumption by the lighting loads is yet to be addressed. Besides, human occupancy pattern and behavior also add to the power consumption. Human comfort and technological advancement is significant but the primary aim of the buildings is just to provide safety and comfort to the occupants. Several lighting control strategies have been employed up to now but among them occupancy detection control techniques are much sophisticated and sensitive in nature. Passive InfraRed (PIR) and Ultra Sonic (US) sensors are widely used for the purpose of occupancy detection because of their fast and robust response. These sensors provide the optimal use of lightings in multi-occupant buildings. This paper is of unique nature because both the sensors PIR and US are used in hybrid arrangement in order to utilize the characteristics of both just to enhance the performance of occupancy detection

Currently, roadside parking charging is mainly operated manually. However, this makes it difficult to achieve effective management. Aimed at removing many inconveniences brought by this current approach, this study discusses how to apply Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in this issue. The RFID reader can be installed on a track. Through the track, the RFID reader can detect a whole row of parking spaces along the sides of the road and therefore, can replace the current approach with which people hold machines to scan cars one by one. Both parkers and managers of the parking system can use an online platform which offers an open individual inquiry system and impartial and accurate reflection of the real-time status and ensures a fair process of issuing parking tickets.

Mobile technology has introduced a new environment among upcoming generations that can be used to improve the management process. The proposed system will improve interactivity, accessibility, and convenience in the college management process. It is a simple yet powerful integrated platform that connects the various entities. It is a handy application that can be used by the students and the administrator to facilitate communication. The main motive of the project is to provide full automation to the user. This IMS system can also be used in academic institutes. This will help the institution to utilize its resources in an efficient manner. This system is capable of greatly atomizing work. Since human memory cannot store too much data and is volatile there are chances for errors but with the help of a system that can store huge amount of data systematically. IMS system is capable of integrating different sections in an institution like general, fees, attendance, library, exam section. The application is portable as it is used on a mobile device and improves connectivity between the students and the institution, thus helping the institution to provide a more transparent system altogether. The application also reduces a substantial amount of paperwork that is otherwise needed for the daily tasks in an institution.

The Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller (CMAC) is an influential cerebrum propelled processing model in numerous pertinent fields. There are different researches done using CMAC in many applications using its characteristics in easy implementation and good results for example: facial expression recognition, pattern recognition etc. In this paper we have presented some methods of using CMAC and presents their results

Flood occurred when heavy and continuous rainfall exceeding the absorptive capacity of soil and the flow capacity of rivers, streams, and coastal areas. Land areas that are most subjected to floods are areas situated adjacent to rivers and streams, that are known as floodplain and therefore considered as “flood-prone”. These areas are hazardous to development activities if the vulnerability of those activities exceeds an acceptable level. The main objectives of this study are; to identify floodplains and other susceptible areas, and to assess the extent of disaster impact in the study area which is located at Kota Tinggi, Johor, Malaysia. This area experienced an unprecedented flood during December of 2006 to January of 2007.Questions such as how often and how long the floodplain will be covered by water, and at what time of year flooding can be expected need to be answered. Thus, an understanding of the dynamic nature of floodplains is greatly required. Multi-temporal Radarsat-1images, Landsat ETM+ image, topographical maps and land use maps were used in this study for the purpose of delineating the flood extend before, during and after the flood event. DEM acquired from topographic map is used to derive flood depth. The final outputs of this study are flood extent and flood depth maps where both of these maps show the impact of the flood to environment, lives and properties. This map is also important and can be applied to develop a comprehensive relief effort immediately after flooding.

The synthesis of Faujasite Zeolite from Locally available Erusu Kaolin clay sourced in Nigeria has been attempted using standard procedures which have proven sufficient upon slight modifications and reported in literature. The zeolite was characterized with Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffractometer and BET surface area analyzer. Forthwith, Adsorption of the hazardous cationic dye malachite green (MG) on the synthesized zeolite was investigated. Batch process variables for the adsorption of MG by Zeolite were determined. The mechanisms involved in the adsorption of MG by the sorbent were explored using isotherms models. The maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity was found to be 108.26 mg/g at 30°C. It is noteworthy that the adsorption of MG was reduced (about 45%) at low pH (4) compared to that at high pH (12). Furthermore, among the other parameters affecting adsorption, a high MG adsorption capacity (about 54%) was observed at a maximum initial MG dye concentration of 200 mg/L compared to that at lower initial MG dye concentration (25 mg/L), indicating the dependency of sorption on the initial adsorbate concentration (CO) in the solution. The MG adsorption data indicate multilayer adsorption because the data were fit better by the Freundlich model (R2 >0.99) than by the Langmuir model. Surface diffusion was found to be a possible mechanism for the adsorption of MG by Zeolite. The study shed light on the potential of synthesized kaolinite derivative “Zeolite” as an efficient sorbent for cationic dye cleanup in wastewater treatment.

he Vaal University of Technology (VUT) has, in its faculty of Engineering and Technology a flagship community engagement project referred to as the French South African Schneider Electric Education Center (FSASEC) where young underprivileged students are recruited and trained to become occupational electricians. There is a significant skills gap in South Africa for artisans in the field of Electrical Engineering and this gap can be closed if state of the art training facilities exits where the students are prepared for landing in the workplace useful and productive. It is of primary value to be able to identify students that perform well in order to maximize the efficiency of the training program in Electrical Engineering. This paper presents some tools that can be used in identifying potentially excellent performers, at risk and underperforming students. This process ranges from when the student is admitted to the time he exits the programmed.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between the tenure of the board and financial distress of listed firms in Kenya. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY: The research design used in this study was exploratory design. The study employed panel regression analysis and simultaneously used pooled regression and random effects on sample size of 57 listed firms in Kenya during the period of 2007-2016. FINDINGS: The study found that board tenure was found to be negatively and significantly related to financial performance (ß=-0.091; p<0.01). THEORETICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study adds value to theory by studying the effect of tenure on financial performance by updating empirical literature from a developing country. ORIGINALITY: The paper fills an important gap in academic literature by providing insights into the role of board tenure in performance of firms particularly in developing economies. In addition, given the increasing collapsing of companies in developing nations, this paper provides policy makers with evidence on the implications of board composition on financial distress.

Nepal lies in earthquake prone zone. There are different fault zones in Nepal. Active fault of in this region causes several earthquakes in Nepal. In the recent, an earthquake of M7.8 occurred in 77 km NW of Kathmandu (in the boarder of Gorkha and Lam Jung) at 11:56 on 25 April 2015 with shallow depth of 15 km with maximum Mercalli Intensity of IX, lasting approximately thirty seconds. Nepal faced continued aftershocks throughout the country at the intervals of 15–20 minutes, with one shock reaching a magnitude of 6.7 on 26 April at 12:54:08. And another major earthquake of 7.3 (as per USGS report) occurred in 18 km south-east of Kodari and epicenter is in boarder of Dolkha and Sindhu pal chowk district at 12.51 on 12 May 2015.

Professional driving is a very demanding task. According to the recent scientific evidence, Bus drivers tend to report high levels of occupational stress, burnout and occupational traffic accidents. Health has always been closely linked with occupation. Occupation related stress among working people is drastically increasing worldwide. Stress at work place has become an integral part of everyday life and is referred as ‘worldwide epidemic’ by the World Health Organization. This would have impact on the body and discomfort reflected in various parts of the body bringing about certain health problems. This study is an attempt to analyze the various factors that lead to stress among bus drivers and to examine the prevalence of health problems.