This research is a survey study with a descriptive approach. The population consists of students at University of Nias. The sampling technique is random sampling, conducted on 185 students. Data were collected using a questionnaire and Likert scale for each statement. The data analysis techniques used in this research are descriptive analysis and t-test with the assistance of SPSS 24. The research results indicate that: out of 30 factors considered by students in choosing a place for study, 16 factors form 2 variables. The Main Variable consists of P1 Type of University, P2 University Status (Public/Private), P4 Accreditation of Study Program (Department), P5 Tuition Fees, P6 Scholarships, P7 Quality/Profile of Lecturers, P8 Service of Educational Personnel (Staff). The Supporting Variable includes P12 Student Activity Units / Student Organizations, P13 Campus Location, P14 Campus Work Partnerships, P15 University Entrance Exams, P16 Campus Brochures/Promotion, P17 Transportation Access, P18 Residential Access (Boarding House), P19 Classification of Regular and Special Classes, and finally, P20 Degree and Professionalism of Graduates.

The role of Non-State Actors (NSAs) in the SADC regional integration was approved by the Council of Ministers in 2022. The Council gave the NSAs the mandate to participate in the regional integration agenda and contribute into SADC policy development, roll out, monitoring and evaluation. Ironically, there are no clear systematic mechanisms providing for NSAs engagement within the SADC structures and processes despite existence of SADC institutions. The coming in of the AfCFTA agreement sought to create a single African market thereby creating opportunities for NSAs. To date no noticeable increase in Africa intra-trade has been recorded. The study therefore, examines the perspectives on engagement of Non-State-Actors in the context of Regional Integration focusing on SADC region. The findings show that state actors are not involving non-state actors as they discuss regional economic integration agreements. The researcher recommends that valuable additions to regional economic integration and strengthening should be premised on an environment where policies and regulations are formulated from a consultative and inclusivity of NSAs. It is concluded that, when NSAs explore regional markets or create regional value chains, they facilitate regional economic integration from the bottom-up approach through their activities.

The research aims to: (1) Analyze the economic value of land (land rent) for shallot farming, both as land rent and economic surplus; (2) Analyze the costs and income of shallot farming in Lambu District, Bima Regency, NTB; and (3) Knowing farmers perceptions of shallot farming activities. The research method is an exploratory-descriptive research method. This research was conducted in 2 (two) locations which are centers for the development of superior shallot commodities in Lambu District, Bima Regency, NTB, namely: Rasabou Village and Lambu Village. The number of samples at each location was 15 farmer households. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results show that: (1) The economic value of land as an economic surplus (land rent or economic rent or reaches) IDR 80,510,400/ha (94.45% comes from the economic surplus of dry season shallots); while the rental price (contact rent) is IDR 20,00,000 (66.25% is the dry season rental value); (2). The average production cost for red onion farming is IDR 87,582,200, while the production value reaches IDR 150,375,000, - resulting in a profit of IDR 62,792,800/ha; (3) The high profits and large absorption of labor in shallot farming have resulted in the emergence/judgment of farmers and farm workers that dry season farming (shallots) is more important than the rainy season (rice or other crops).

Empowerment of small entrepreneurs (MSMEs) is very important, collaboration is the main driver and always synergize. Effectiveness and efficiency are the targets of every entrepreneurs and one of the strategies is cooperation. The aim of this research is to make the production line effective from upstream to downstream of craft making and maximize the understanding of Balinese carving craftsmen community for exporting, where the craftsmen are constrained by information and access to start the export process. The method in this research is qualitative with FGD from planning, mentoring and evaluation. The results of this research were the establishment of collaboration between small entrepreneurs and academics, empowerment resulting in an increase in product output from 5-6 carving products to 9-11 carving products. Carry out online marketing so that you can be known internationally and hold international exhibitions.

The presence of palm oil in the international market is relatively competitive. As a producer of 59% of global palm oil, Indonesia faces green protectionism in the EU market. It is used for environmental protection, anti-deforestation, and global warming control. Therefore, this study analyzes Indonesias response to EU market protectionism. The study uses the perspective of protectionism and the dynamics of state adjustment behavior in conflicts of national interest. The countrys adjustment strategy theory is complemented by the behavioral choice strategy theory in facing international sanctions. The authors use qualitative methods, with literature study, observation, and supplemented interviews. In dealing with palm oil trade barriers, Indonesia initially utilized the domestic offensive strategy to deal with the restrictions, changing domestic palm oil management policies, including forest moratorium, terminating palm oil permits, adopting the ISPO certification system, and downstream the domestic palm oil industry. However, it was ineffective, and various restrictions became more vigorous, so Indonesia implemented an international offensive strategy, encouraging changes in international regulations and eliminating protectionism against palm oil. Nevertheless, the resistance has yet to be very successful. Therefore, Indonesia must perform proactive conformance to find new markets for Indonesian palm oil.

This study investigates the impact of teamwork on job satisfaction in Vietnam, employing qualitative methods to explore this dynamic within the Vietnamese workforce. The research, grounded in interviews and questionnaires, delves into how collective work dynamics influence employee contentment, particularly in a cultural setting where collectivism is deeply ingrained. A significant positive correlation between teamwork and job satisfaction is revealed through the study, highlighting the importance of collaborative work environments for employee satisfaction. This correlation is substantiated by the strong internal consistency in the reliability analysis of both Job Satisfaction and Teamwork scales. Additionally, the research discusses various factors, including Vietnams cultural values, rapidly developing economy, and a blend of Asian and Western management styles, contributing to this relationship. The studys findings resonate with the work of several authors in the field, confirming the essential role of teamwork in fostering a satisfied and productive workforce. However, it also acknowledges limitations such as sample diversity and methodological constraints, suggesting a blend of qualitative and quantitative methods and broader industry representation for future research.

Artificial Intelligence plays a great role in improving the quality of financial reporting to the stakeholders as it can free up the human resources and improves security measures as well as makes sure that the organisation is going in right technological direction or not. This kind of technology is also helpful in retaining customers towards business which is the main cause of this research study. The time and cost are to be used in an effective manner by the organisation that helps in improving its overall performance. The current research has covered secondary sources for collecting qualitative data in a successful manner.

Investors specific needs plays a major role of determining a portfolio choice of an investment portfolio composed of a single or multiple assets that an investor chooses within a certain period of time. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of investors Investment Avenues on individual portfolio choice at the Nairobi securities exchange and to investigate the moderating effect of investors age on the correlation investors Investment Avenues and individual portfolio choice at the Nairobi securities exchange. A descriptive research design was used for collecting data for the variables under study for up to a period of twenty years from January, 2013 to December, 2017. The population of study was made up of individual investors estimated at 2.4 million as at 31st December 2017 based on Central Depository and Settlement Corporation Limited (CDSC). A target population of 997,605 active retail investors who also form the accessible population at Nairobi securities exchange (NSE) were used to draw a sample size of 385 active individual retail investors. Both stratified and convenience sampling was used to draw the needed number of respondents. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data whereby drop and pick approach was used. Pilot testing of the instruments was performed to assess its reliability. Further, multiple regression techniques were used to analyze the data. The study findings revealed that investors Investment Avenues have a positive and significant effect on individual portfolio choice at NSE, Kenya. As such a unit increase in a predictor variable leads to an increase in individual portfolio choice through investment in stocks. Further, the results of the study indicated that age moderate the relationship between investors Investment Avenues and individual portfolio choice. The study would be beneficial to investment banks and brokerage firms in policy formulation to assist individual investors in their portfolio choices and also to the academicians to advance the conceptual arguments of the moderating effect of age on the relationship between investors Investment Avenues and individual portfolio choice at NSE, Kenya.

This paper examines the use of social media in tobacco trade management by farmers in Temanggung Regency. The main focus is on the use of the WhatsApp (WA) application by tobacco farmers to obtain price information from factories and to bargain with collectors. The method used is qualitative using several literature reviews. This research highlights how advances in technology and 64social media , especially the internet and WA, play a role in improving the welfare of tobacco farmers by making it easier to access information and transactions. This shows the importance of media literacy and the use of the internet in empowering farmers.

The purpose of this research is to find out how the implementation of E-Government, Masterplan Smart City, and the Smart City Program for public services in Klaten Regency. The research was carried out according to mixed quantitative research methods with qualitative research (Mixed quantitative and qualitative research methods). The population and sample selected in this study are the State Civil Apparatus and Stakeholders who are involved in the research variable activities that have been determined. The total population is 138 people and the sample after going through calculations using the Yamane and Isaac & Michael formulas is obtained by 104 people. The results showed that there were changes in the implementation of E-Government, the Smart City Masterplan, the Smar City Program and Public Services, in Klaten Regency as the impact of the implementation of e-government in Klaten Regency and there were desired and unwanted impacts, both positive and negative, from the implementation of e-Government. government in Klaten Regency

This study aims to describe the implementation of e-government with explains the quality of information on the West Bandung Regency Government website. The quality of information on e-government websites has an important role because it will have a broad impact on society. Information submitted by official government channels will be considered valid by the public, so that if the information submitted is incorrect it will result in reduced public trust in the government. Based on the results of observations on website content, the implementation of e-government in West Bandung Regency can be categorized in the presence (informative) stage towards the interactive stage. As stated by Baum & Maio (2000), this stage indicates that the Bendung Barat website is still limited to providing static information, and has not provided space for the public to interact online with government elements. The results of this study conclude that in general the quality of information on the West Bandung Regency Government website is quite good. Weaknesses that can reduce the value of the quality of information exist in the dimensions of the completeness of the information, namely the existence of several links that lead to blank pages. The recommendation given from the results of this study is to increase improvement efforts so that all menus and links contained on the website can be completed with relevant information, so that users can obtain complete and accurate information. This study describes empirical phenomena related to the quality of information using 5 (five) dimensions of measurement. For researchers who wish to continue this research, they can expand the area of study by measuring using a wider dimension of information quality

The study was motivated by the desire to develop the added value analysis function from an evaluation function to a design function in an effort to improve the welfare of workers in the tofu agro-industry business unit. The added value design function can be utilized for various types of agro-industry, so that it will enrich the knowledge of researchers and practitioners. The goal to be achieved is to analyze added value and its impact on the level of welfare of workers in the tofu agro-industry using the minimum wage for West Nusa Tenggara province in 2023. To achieve this goal, research was conducted on 40 tofu agro-industry business units in Masbagik District, East Lombok Regency. Data obtained from survey, observations and interviews were tabulated and calculated using the Excel application. The analysis results show that the added value obtained is IDR 181,543/production process. Of this amount received as labor income is IDR 39,818/person per working day from the provincial minimum wage standard of IDR 91,208/person/working day. Because labor income is less than the provincial minimum wage standard, the workforce working in the tofu agro-industry business unit in Masbagik District is classified as not yet prosperous. Low labor income is caused by the amount of labor absorbed being more than twice the labor requirement. The solution is to rationalize the use of labor to one person for every 50 kg of soybean raw materials.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure represents a manifestation of corporate commitment to environmental responsibility, mandated by legal requirements. Its significance lies in its dual role of enhancing company performance and serving as a pivotal aspect of social accounting. The implementation of CSR is crucial, given its potential to ameliorate social equilibrium and welfare within society. This study seeks to empirically examine the impact of profitability, leverage, and public ownership on CSR disclosure, incorporating the Company Size variable as a control. Employing nonprobability sampling, the research encompasses a sample of 60 companies within the basic materials sector, with data analysis conducted through multiple linear regression analysis. The findings underscore a substantial and statistically significant influence of Profitability, Leverage, and Public Ownership on CSR disclosure. Notably, the research introduces a novel element by integrating the control variable of company size into the research model, differentiating it from prior studies in this domain.

Instagram is one of the most popular digital platforms at the moment as evidenced by data from We are Social February (2022) Instagram occupies the second position as the most used social media with a percentage of 84.8% of the total number of social media users in Indonesia. This has made many users, both individuals, organizations and community groups, utilizing Instagram media as an educational medium, including the Planning Generation Forum (GenRe) organization in Central Java Province which utilizes the Instagram media account @genre_jateng as one of the social media used for social media. educational media for audiences, especially for teenagers. The Instagram account @genre_jateng functions to convey education and information regarding the activities of the Genre program under the auspices of the BKKBN and as a means of public communication. The results of the study show that the types of educational information conveyed in Instagram and live streaming content are related to Genre programs, activities carried out, commemorations of national and international holidays, education related to handling problems faced by adolescents, as well as information for the general public. Feedback based on likes and comments on each content is still very rare or minimal.

The conversational approach adopted by chatbots reflects the current trend towards transparent, efficient communication. Users are more inclined to use a service that understands their language, reacts quickly and adapts to their conversational style. This can help build trust and loyalty among users, who perceive the service as friendlier and more accommodating. This article aims to deepen the understanding and importance of chatbots conversational approach to service. A review of this research highlights the relevance of a conversational approach in this field, particularly when applied to customer service chatbots, improving user experience and motivation through the creation of more natural, responsive and personalized interactions.

The ongoing era of Society 5.0 in the world reminds educational institutions to prepare students from an early age, including the entrepreneurial spirit. Becoming an entrepreneur is impossible to do suddenly; there are several series for building an entrepreneurial spirit, including entrepreneurial education practices for elementary school students. Qualitatively descriptive, this research was conducted at the Islamic Elementary School (MI: Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah) Darul Ulum 02 Ngembalrejo Bae Kudus Indonesia, which aims to describe entrepreneurial activities in the form of market days in cultivating character. After the data is collected through interview, observation, and documentation techniques, analysis is carried out in the form of data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study show that by practicing Market Day, students can position themselves as ideal traders by applying the principles of being traders who have honest and good character. As character education is the main view of Hasan Al Bannas educational thinking, the success of learning can be evaluated on aspects of honest character in its students.

Malnutrition among children can be a leading cause of the increase in child mortality rate in developing nations. Although malnutrition does not directly become the cause of death among children it can effectively damage the immune system of children making them vulnerable to fatal diseases and infections. Considering the prevalence of malnutrition, the primary goal of this paper is to analyse the impact of malnutrition on child mortality in developing nations. Relevant secondary qualitative data is from authentic websites and journals have been gathered to establish the findings of this study. The findings of this study establish that malnourished children are more prone to dying from common diseases such as diarrhea, pneumonia, and others. Developing nations in this regard have the most cases of child mortality. Necessary, preventive, and effective government interventions are absolutely essential to eradicate child mortality due to malnutrition.