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Motivation is vital for learning and mastering a language. Motivation related to second language learning is integrative and instrumental motivation. This research aims to describe students interest in learning English from the terms instrumental and integrative motivation. The research design is quantitative descriptive. The information obtained is interpreted as tables, diagrams and sentences. The research location is at the IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon campus for the odd academic year 2023-2024. The sample size was 100 students studying English using simple random sampling techniques. Data collection tools are questionnaires related to instrumental and integrative motivation, with 20 statements. The results show that integrative motivation is higher than instrumental motivation for various reasons. The instrumental motivation of students desire to study English leads to the conclusion that their motivation is tied to their employment, future profession, and education. Regarding integration motivation, they recognized that English is a crucial language for worldwide communication. They are also eager to visit English-speaking countries, engage with native speakers, and utilize English with English-speaking friends or acquaintances. The majority of students learn English because of integrative motivation.

Several authors analyse the contrast between the framing that traditional media give to the news and what circulates on social networks. This article refers to that topic, addressed with a methodology that allowed to theorize about the detached political interaction on Twitter. With qualitative interviews and analysis with semantic networks, the theoretical category was erected on the opposition between the frames used by the traditional media and those of Twitter, observed by the detached ones. The detached are ordinary people, media-unknown tweeters with few followers, who interact politically on the Internet without hashtags, outside trends and electoral periods, and who go unnoticed by social studies. Constructivist Grounded Theory was applied in this study. The results show that the framing of press news is opposite to those that circulate on social networks.

Culture is indeed a social force. When this social force is dominated by a specific gender, various forms of repression of subject terminology, initially considered equal in gender contexts, occur. Due to the dominance of a specific gender, culture is engineered to favor one gender, with males considered superior to females. Discussing language, culture, and gender essentially involves examining everyday life around us. From the moment of birth, one cannot escape the cultural webs created by previous generations, parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, and so on. Sociolinguistic studies conducted will reveal strong factors influencing language usage between men and women. Surveys were distributed across several aspects: nature, word choices, openness, courage, communication intonation, roles, and responsibilities among 50 male respondents and 50 female respondents. Gender refers to the differences between men and women based on social construction, culture, language, status, as well as roles and responsibilities in society. However, there are many differences in language use related to gender. Overall, the average results from respondents indicate that gender influences language usage. Men tend to be rougher, more open, and bold when expressing themselves. In contrast, women must consider numerous factors when expressing themselves. Word choices and intonation are carefully observed, as women tend to be gentle and empathetic.

Various studies highlight that there is gender bias in pesantren rooted in a preserved patriarchal culture. On the other hand, the government supports gender awareness, referring to the points of goals 4 and 5 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Departing from these problems, a study was conducted at Pesantren Al-Ikhsan Beji, Purwokerto, to determine how Pesantren contributes to achieving the 4th and 5th SDGs. The learning system at Pesantren Al-Ikhsan has two systems, salaf and modern, which are interesting to research. Phenomenological studies are conducted to determine the perspective and learning process in pesantren.The results showed that gender construction is closely tied to social and religious norms that create expectations for certain provisions related to the roles and behavior of students. In pesantren, there are boundaries of interaction between men and women that reflect the values of modesty and honor. The results showed different gender perspectives based on education level and gender. Most students and teachers realize gender is a social construction related to binding roles. Furthermore, the results showed that pesantren have contributed to achieving SDG 4 (quality education) and implicitly socialized SDG 5 (gender equality) in the learning process. Regarding the learning process, Pesantren Al-Ikhsan has been adaptive by applying methods that integrate technology and social media. However, there needs to be more involvement of students, such as in deliberative activities, which are shown only for men with considerations based on Islamic religious teachings.

The willingness to use a second language in communication is a challenge faced by indigenous students, resulting in a lack of self-confidence, difficulty in finding appropriate words, and anxiety that affects the lack of interest in engaging in conversations. This research aims to identify the willingness of indigenous students to use the Filipino language in communication. The study utilized descriptive research involving (N=96) indigenous college students from UM Digos who participated in the adopted questionnaires. Mean, frequency distribution and t-tests were used as statistical tests. The survey results showed that the willingness of indigenous students to use the Filipino language in communication is at a high level, indicating that it is frequently observed. However, the researchers encourage students, teachers, and staff to consistently use the Filipino language, both inside and outside the school. This serves as a way to maintain their willingness to communicate using the Filipino language at a high level.

This study aims to determine and analyse the effect of Leverage, Capital Intensity, Company Size, and Independent Commissioners on the Tax Aggressiveness of Property and Real Estate Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 – 2020. Using quantitative methods with associative relationships. The population in this study are Property and Real Estate Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with a sample of 17 companies. Sampling was done by using purposive sampling method. Data analysis technique used multiple linear regression. The results of the research shows that Leverage has an effect on Tax Aggressiveness. Meanwhile, Capital Intensity, Company Size, and Independent Commissioner have no effect on Tax Aggressiveness. This can be interpreted that the level of Leverage can affect Tax Aggressiveness of Property and Real Estate Companies.

The social media application TikTok is one of the social media that is much loved by the millennial generation, who incidentally is a student. This can influence two directions, namely positive and negative. In line with this, this study questions the direction of influence that exists on the Islamic University of Malang Islamic University of Ainul Yaqin Islamic Boarding School students. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach to the type of correlational research. Analysis of the data used was correlation analysis, which meant measuring the strength and closeness of the relationship. The sampling technique in this study used a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis techniques in hypotheses 1 and 2 used a simple correlation test. The main result of the quantitative research researchers need is how much social media TikTok can influence students learning motivation at the Ainul Yaqin Campus Islamic Boarding School.

The study aimed at evaluating the effect of including noni meal leaves (TDM) into basal diet on Ca and P intake and digestibility in landrace crossbred pig. Data intake and feces collection was carried out for 2 weeks. There were 12 male piglets 1-2 months of age with 10.50-21.50 (average 16.70) kg (CV 18.76%) initial body weight used in the study. Randomized block design 4 treatments with 3 replicates procedure was applied in the trial. The treatment diets offered were: R0: 100% basal diet without TDM; R1: 98% basal diet + 2% TDM; R2: 96% basal diet + 4% TDM; and R3: 94% basal diet + 6% TDM. Variable evaluated were: intake and digestibility of Ca and P in pig. Statistical analyisis found that including noni leaves meal is not significant (P>0.05) in increasing either intake or digestibility of either Ca or P in pig. The conclusion is that including 2, 4, 6 % noni leaves into basal diet tends to increase both intake and digestibility of both Ca and P in pigs.

The paper aimed at analysing the Lesotho language policy to unmask how power is assumed to be exercised by the Lesotho policy-makers through linguistic elements and structure .The main analytical tool of this paper was critical sociolinguistics, using IGMs in Systemic Functional Linguistics, rhetorical strategies and the CDA model in which the paper analysed the relationship between discourse and society. The paper unveiled performativity (mode, censorship and interpellation and the grammatical aspects from the point of functions of co-ordination, modality and nominalisation as effective and dominant principles and tropes used by the Lesotho language policy makers to convince the citizens to acknowledge the language policy irrespective of how it overshadows the minority languages in Lesotho.

Health tourism refers to the practice of seeking medical treatment, undergoing surgical operations, or receiving medical care in nations or regions other than ones own. Plastic surgery is a crucial component of health tourism, as it is a popular medical specialty for both aesthetic and reconstructive objectives. This contributes to the sustained expansion of health tourism in this field. The health tourism and plastic surgery industries are experiencing steady growth in both Turkey and globally. The expansion of these industries is linked to highly skilled healthcare practitioners, technological progress, and rising patient expectations. Ensuring the maintenance of quality standards and ethical practices is crucial for the future viability of these industries. Effective management of health tourism and plastic surgery is crucial to maintain long-term growth and the safety of patients. The global health tourism and plastic surgery sectors have experienced significant growth. Turkey has become a prominent participant in this aspect. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the existing conditions and potential developments in the health tourism and plastic surgery industries in Turkey and globally, by reviewing relevant literature.

This paper examines the impact of economic indicators on foreign direct investment in Côte dIvoire, using data from 1970 to 2022 sourced from the World Bank database. The independent variables examined include Gross Domestic Product, inflation rate, exchange rate, trade openness, and government debt, while FDI serves as the dependent variable. Through rigorous statistical analysis, including Augmented Dickey-Fuller tests, Ordinary Least Squares analysis, Johansen cointegration analysis, and Granger causality tests, the results showed that GDP and inflation rate exhibit statistically significant positive effect on FDI, suggesting that economic growth and higher inflation rates may attract foreign investment. However, variables such as exchange rate, trade openness, and government debt do not show significant impacts on FDI. The study underscores the nuanced nature of FDI determinants in Côte dIvoire, emphasizing the need for tailored policy interventions to foster sustained economic growth and attract foreign investment. These outcomes help to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics shaping FDI inflows in the region, providing valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and stakeholders alike

This paper looks at public financinghealth and accessibility of health care for Kinshasa households in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Low funding for the health sector as well as household income levels hamper access to appropriate health care given the high costs. This results in an essential intervention by public authorities and their external technical and financial partners in the health sector in order to guarantee health coverage for vulnerable households against ruinous expenses. He draws upat the same time an inventory of public finances in the health sector in the DRC using a theoretical approach. And yearanalysis by aLogit model the level of accessibility to health care. This analysis is carried out by postulating the constancy of the socio-economic environment “all other things being equal”. It results from our analysis that public financing does not significantly impact household access to quality health care in Kinshasa, given that the majority of our respondents believe that the State must increase financial resources for health, the chi-square is 0.007. Thus we affirm our hypotheses

In realizing the objectives of the development program in each institution it takes a managerial pattern in the management of development and other governmental programs to be perceived and enjoyed by the community. The use of village funds is prioritized in village development. One of the most important things needed is the wisdom of the village head to direct and guide the community to jointly implement the development program. The purpose of this research is to know how the Management Of Village Funds In Development In Klaten District. The research methods used in this study are qualitative methods. The informant in the research is a person who can provide information about the situation and background conditions of research. The focus of research is seen from the indicator according to George Terry, which is planning, organizing, mobilization and controlling. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the Management Of Village Funds In Development In Klaten in the management of village funds is not done transparently or openly to every community even a lot of issues Community that the management of village funds in the use of village funds is not suitable for it.

Indonesins economic crisis since 1997 made President Soeharto resign from his position and hand it over to his deputy B.J Habibie. President B.J Habibie as President Soehartos successor had quite a tough task to improve the condition of Indonesia which was currently hit by an economic crisis. In this research, it was studied using historical research methods. The economic crisis that occurred in 1998 will always be recorded as the bleakest in economic history. The impact of the crisis is starting to be felt in real terms by society and the business world. To overcome this, several economic policies by B.J Habibie played an important role in changing Indonesia. Meanwhile, BJs economic policy strengthens the banking sector. The impact of Indonesian banking policy is that population economic growth, which previously reached -7.7%, can increase to 5%.

Background: Occupational health and safety is a right for workers in the formal and informal sectors, as well as for fishermen. Fishermen are very vulnerable to work accidents. This is caused by fishermens lack of knowledge about occupational health and safety. As many as 80% of marine accidents are caused by human error and other causes are negligence by maritime transportation organizers and related agencies, as well as inadequate marine transportation safety equipment. Based on the background of this problem, this research was carried out to find out work health and safety behavior among fishermen groups in Muara Tembulih Village, Pesisir Barat Regency. Method: This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The independent variables in this research are fishermens knowledge, attitudes and beliefs. The dependent variable of this research is the occupational health and safety behavior of fishermen groups. Result: The results of this research are that fishermen define occupational health and safety as traditional knowledge about safety when fishing, based on empirical experience passed down from generation to generation from their ancestors and combining knowledge obtained through government outreach. Fishermen in realizing occupational health and safety behavior with simplicity and knowledge are quite good, in bad weather conditions fishermen prefer not to go to sea due to the high risk. Fishermen are aware of the importance of occupational health and safety for fishermen, therefore fishermen bring personal protective equipment before going to sea as an alternative to bad conditions at sea. Including considering bad weather, fishermen prefer to return to their home villages for safety. Fishermens actions in realizing occupational safety and health behavior from observations are still simple.