The study examined product innovation and customer brand loyalty of Smartphone Users in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Specifically, the objectives are to: determine the effect of compatibility; examine the effect of complexity; evaluate the effect of relative advantage; assess the effect of trialability; and ascertain the effect of observability on customer brand loyalty. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted of smartphone users (Youths) in Ekiti State. The sample size was 200 which was selected via census sampling. Primary data used for the study were gathered through structured questionnaire. Data gathered were analyzed using multiple regression model. The result showed that compatibility positively affects customer brand loyalty; it further showed that complexity affects customer brand loyalty; moreso, it further showed that relative advantage affects customer brand loyalty; furthermore, it further showed that trialability affects customer brand loyalty; finally, it showed that observability affect customer brand loyalty positively. Thus, it concluded that product innovation positively affects customer brand loyalty of smartphone users in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study recommended that smartphone companies should ensure innovative brands to enhance customer brand loyalty.

Efforts to overcome food insecurity are becoming more crucial as triggered by the combination of climate change, global conflicts, rising cost of living, declining food production and high food prices. Indonesia with population growth, which is projected to increase by 69, 1% in 2045 or up to 311 million people in 2050, need to provide solution to reduce and mitigate the impact of food insecurity. Indonesias heavy reliance on economic agriculture, fisheries, forestry and other natural resources, often troubled by all situations related to climate-related hazards. The government is trying to address problems with the food estate project, but has elicited backlash from some scholars and CSOs, as the project neglects socio-economic and cultural dimensions of local people. The opponents argue that the project is derived from neoliberal food security model, which has proven failed to eradicate the hunger problem. Researcher is using qualitative method with a desk study approach to examine data and information taken from secondary data sources. Researcher revealed some factors that made the food estate did not work as expected. One of them is due to the concept that ignores the importance of cultural diversity and ecologies coupled with a lack of engagement with the local population. The researcher provides some evidence on the weakness of the food security approach, and offer a policy shift to a mixed approach that fits the Indonesian case.

Teachers are a very important profession in changing the future of the nation. The true successors of the nation are educated students. As the old saying goes, education is a window to see the world more broadly, so a competent professional teacher is needed to guide students to achieve their goals. In order to achieve superior quality biology teachers, it is necessary to have a school leadership style that will influence wise interpersonal behavior or Interpersonal Citizenship Behavior (ICB) and good motivation in working as a teacher. In overcoming this, a causal survey was used involving 100 biology teachers in East Jakarta. There are three instruments developed to measure leadership style (Reliability coefficient 0.785), Interpersonal Citizenship Behavior (ICB) (Reliability coefficient 0.842), and motivation (Reliability coefficient 0.816). The research hypothesis was analyzed by path analysis. This study found that leadership style was proven to have a significant direct effect on ICB of biology teachers, ICB of biology teachers was significantly influenced by motivation (path coefficient obtained at 0.110), leadership style had a very significant direct effect on motivation (path coefficient 0.282), motivation had a very significant direct effect on ICB of teachers (path coefficient of 0.311). The results of the indirect effect test of leadership style on ICB of biology teachers through motivation obtained a value of 0.08 which turned out to be insignificant, because the magnitude was close to zero. Even though the indirect effect of leadership style on ICB of teachers was not significant, in total, namely the combination of leadership style and motivation had an effect on ICB of teachers which characterized the combined effect of direct effect and indirect effect of these variables.

The lack of motivation in language learning has led to insufficient time for students to learn their native or second language. This study investigates the structural relationship between effective teaching, student engagement, classroom learning environment, and motivation in learning the Filipino language among 400 senior high school students in private schools across various provinces in Region XI. A quantitative correlational research method utilizing a Structural Equation Model was employed, with data collected through four administered questionnaires. Data analysis included mean, standard deviation, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed that effective teaching and the classroom environment were consistently rated as very high, while student engagement was rated as high. The study demonstrated a significant relationship between the three independent variables and the endogenous variable of students motivation to learn the Filipino language. Notably, the classroom learning environment emerged as the only independent variable with a significant effect on motivation, surpassing the impact of student engagement and effective teaching. Among the three models tested, the third model was identified as the most suitable based on goodness-of-fit indices. These findings provide valuable insights for designing interventions to enhance motivation and learning outcomes in Filipino language education. Such initiatives are essential for improving the quality of education (SDG-4) that aligns with the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals, ensuring students are better equipped to engage with their linguistic heritage.

The birds were individually weighed and allocated into four treatments group (T1: 0%,T2:6%,T3:12%,T4: 18% Golden apple Snail meal).each Treatment groups has three replicates and Five birds per cage. All the birds were fed with restriction during the feeding trial which lasted 42 days. Body weight gain, Weekly gain in Weight, Percentage, Growth rate, feed consumption, Feed Conversion ratio and Feed efficiency were measured. The result from the study showed that Treatment 2 has the highest Body weight gain, Weekly gain in weight, Percentage Growth rate ,feed consumption, Lowest Feed Conversion ratio and Feed efficiency. The result recommended the supplementation of Treatment 2 ratio which is 6 % Golden Apple Snail Meal. Using Golden Apple Snail meal as Protein Source is recommended as showed in the data and observation that Golden Apple snail meal can support the growth, Quality Carcass and Higher Return above Feed and Chick Cost

Reading comprehension functions as an essential ability which forms the essential base needed for academic achievements alongside continuous educational development, enabling individuals to construct meaning, analyze texts, and engage with diverse perspectives. This action research aimed to enhance the reading comprehension skills of struggling primary school students at Sikap Elementary School through a parent tutoring program. The study addressed gaps in parental involvement by equipping parents with skills and tools to support their childrens literacy development. Key objectives included evaluating students perceptions of parental involvement, assessing reading comprehension levels pre- and post-intervention, and identifying the effectiveness of the tutoring program. A pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental design was utilized. The intervention involved 11 students identified as struggling readers based on the Comprehensive Rapid Literacy Assessment (CRLA). Their parents attended 10 structured sessions focused on phonics, decoding, vocabulary, and comprehension strategies using a tailored module. Data collection methods included surveys, pre-tests, post-tests, and feedback on the module. Findings revealed significant improvements in students reading comprehension. Pre-intervention, none of the students were grade-level ready, with 27.27% at the "Full Refresher" level and 54.55% at the "Light Refresher" level. Post-intervention, 81.82% achieved "Grade Ready" proficiency, highlighting the programs effectiveness. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant difference in pre- and post-test scores. The results emphasize the critical role of parental involvement in literacy development. The program not only improved students reading skills but also strengthened parent-child relationships and fostered a culture of collaborative learning. Schools can adopt similar models to bridge gaps in home-school collaboration, ensuring sustainable literacy gains and holistic student development. Recommendations include scaling the program for broader application and refining modules based on participant feedback to maximize impact.

PT XZY is a company engaged in the field of Food Additives (BTP) in the form of vetsin from molasses raw materials. The company in exploiting energy resources on a large scale for the development of its industry has an impact on the environment in the form of industrial waste caused by the production process, namely waste active carbon generated from the adsorption of inline products. The existing problem is the remaining waste carbon in the solar dryer and the industry does not get added value. The processing strategy uses PDCA-taguchi integration. The PDCA cycle effectively identifies problems with an approach that refers to the Responsible Waste Management Hierarchy and is limited to carrying out recycling experiments. While the experimental design uses taguchi because it is more cost effective than other DOEs. This research is a descriptive and experimental quantitative method. Project implementation by identifying problems using the PDCA eight-step tool. Recycling concept by designing taguchi experimental arrangement. So that the recycling optimization design is obtained, namely dry waste carbon; [adhesive]: 25%; pressure: 2 minutes. The evaluation results at step 7 of PDCA are obtaining an added value of 3.0% (Rp. 29,093,376.84 / year from a total of 150 kg of briquettes / day) NPV value> project cost (+) of Rp. 110,286,788.00, BEP value of Rp. 770,740,120.01 and ROI of 15.6%.

This study examines the relationship between Service Level Agreements (SLAs) and work-life balance in PT Ultima Servis Asias Creative Consulting Team. Inefficient SLA management has resulted in high workloads, last-minute client requests, and excessive overtime, disrupting employees work-life balance. By utilizing NASA-TLX workload assessment and structured interviews analyzed via NVIVO, this research identifies key SLA-related challenges and their effects on employees. Findings show that unclear SLA enforcement and unrealistic deadline significantly impact work-life balance. To address these issues, the study proposes SLA refinement, improved workload tracking, a compensation mechanism, and a dedicated SLA management team. These improvements aim to create a structured and balanced work-life balance while maintaining operational efficiency and client satisfaction.

The event of increasing sufferers or deaths caused by a disease in a certain area, can sometimes be a surprising event and cause panic among the people in the area and in general we call this event an Extraordinary Event (KLB). This study aims to 1) Analyze and describe the implementation of the constitutional rights of every citizen to obtain preventive health services for diseases with the potential for extraordinary events in Central Sulawesi, 2) Analyze and describe the inhibiting factors in fulfilling the constitutional rights of every citizen to obtain preventive health services for diseases with the potential for extraordinary events in Central Sulawesi, 3) Analyze and describe efforts to overcome the inhibiting factors in fulfilling the constitutional rights of every citizen to obtain preventive health services for diseases with the potential for extraordinary events in Central Sulawesi. The research method uses qualitative descriptive research where the approach uses a sociological legal approach, namely an approach by looking at a legal reality in society with the approach of Legal System Theory, Legal Purpose Theory, and Legal Effectiveness Theory . Types of data and data sources use primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques used are: interviews, observations, and literature studies. Based on the results of the study and discussion, it was concluded that overall, the implementation of Law No. 36 of 2009 Article 1 No. 13 concerning preventive health services has shown progress, but there are still many challenges to be overcome. More integrated and collaborative efforts between the government, the community, and the private sector are needed to ensure that preventive health services can be accessed widely and effectively, so that they can prevent more serious health problems in the future.

This study investigates the "Beauty for A Better Life" (BFBL) program executed by LOréal Indonesia, which is an educational project designed to empower underprivileged women by providing them with technical skills in the beauty industry. Although BFBL has made significant contributions to the economic empowerment of women, it remains disconnected from LOréals fundamental business operations, thus affecting its long-term sustainability. This research employs a qualitative case study methodology to investigate the potential transition of BFBL from a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) strategy to a Creating Shared Value (CSV) concept. The objective is to secure long-term financial sustainability, establish structured career pathways, and ensure alignment with LOréals fundamental business principles. This study uses qualitative research methodologies, including NVivo-based thematic analysis of interviews conducted with the Head of Sustainability at LOréal Indonesia, beneficiary of the BFBL program, and representatives from non-governmental organizations. The research aims to identify essential strategies for the integration of BFBL within LOréals talent pipeline. The findings imply that beneficiaries of the BFBL program encounter difficulties in gaining formal employment in beauty-related industries within six months of their completion of the program, which demonstrates deficiencies in job placement and workforce alignment. Moreover, BFBLs dependence on philanthropic funding puts it vulnerable to budgetary reductions, therefore weakening its long-term effectiveness. The research shows that LOréal Indonesia has the potential to further improve the effectiveness of the program by integrating Creating Shared Value (CSV) principles. This could be achieved by establishing connections between graduates and LOréals distributor networks, developing structured career trajectories, and incorporating the Beauty for Better Life (BFBL) initiative into LOréals recruitment strategy. These strategic enhancements will bolster LOréals business sustainability while promoting long-term socio-economic development.

Here in this research Core Reality Science establishes universal Consciousness, i.e., God on a scientific base. This science unifies natural science, philosophy and spirituality, thus develops natural science & technology along with modesty, morality and purity in human beings. This science gives joy to live, drives out blind belief and superstition, takes away crime and corruption to happen and brings the world to a heavenly goal. In this science Present is a physical thing and the Past is a non-physical thing, smallest unit of Time is a single Past, i.e a single universal Memory. Many single universal Memories in a series form a universal Memory-series, this universal Memory-series starts with Nothingness-memory (0) which is the initial single Memory of the universal Memory-series. Latest Memory of the universal Memory-series is conscious universal mind, i.e., universal Me of universal Consciousness and rest of the Memories are sub-conscious mind up to the initial Nothingness-memory (0) of the universal Memory-series. Latest Memory universal Me is a non-physical thing but it is a Miracle that when the latest Memory universal Me gets redesigned by a single Memory from the sub-conscious mind of the universal Consciousness in the universal Memory-series, non-physical universal Me gets transformed into the physical universe. So, it is a transformation from non-physical to a physical existence and when the physical universe becomes Past, it is a transformation from physical to a non-physical entity. In the same way Past?Present?Past… the chain of Time Cycles are formed and the creation continues through Energy, Space,Time, Quantum particles, Motion, Gravity,Radiation,Plasma,Matters etc. in the Universe. So, there is a clear relationship between the physical universe and the non-physical universal Consciousness. Therefore, universal Consciousness deserves to be included in the natural science which will develop the natural science & technology to a very high goal towards the better world than ever before.

Philosophic sagacity is often regarded as the ability to navigate complex and abstract questions with wisdom, insight, and intellectual acumen. It plays a pivotal role in shaping human understanding of existence, morality, and knowledge. Its contributions lie in offering profound solutions to dilemmas that challenge conventional thinking, guiding ethical conduct, and fostering critical reflection on the nature of reality. Through its emphasis on deep contemplation and reasoned analysis, philosophic sagacity encourages individuals to transcend immediate impulses and seek broader truths, thus promoting intellectual and moral growth. However, the practice of philosophic sagacity is fraught with difficulties. One of its primary challenges is the ambiguity of the very concepts it seeks to clarify - truth, justice, and the good are often elusive and subject to varying interpretations across cultures and contexts. Furthermore, the philosophers capacity to reason and advise is often constrained by personal biases, the limits of language, and the inaccessibility of absolute knowledge. The pursuit of sagacity may also lead to intellectual isolation; as the insights it uncovers can be difficult for others to accept or apply in everyday life. Nevertheless, despite these obstacles, the value of philosophic sagacity remains indispensable in the search for a deeper understanding of life and existence.