Objective: Ischemic conditioning (IC) mediated protection against ischemic injury continues independent of extrinsic cardiac nerve status; however, controversy persists regarding its ability to limit ischemia-mediated LV contractile dysfunction. Here, we investigate the acute cardiac consequences of loss of sympathetic and parasympathetic inputs to the local cardiac neuronal hierarchy on post-ischemic LV function. Additionally, we examined whether IC could affect potential recovery of LV function. Methods: Anesthetized, open-chest dogs were randomly distributed to surgical nerve ablation or ganglionic blockade (hexamethonium bromide) groups; each group comprised dogs subject to IC. All dogs were exposed to 60-min acute coronary occlusion (CO) followed by 180-min reperfusion (REP). IC consisted of 4 cycles of 5-min CO and 5-min REP of the left main coronary artery. LVP-V relations were constructed by inferior vena cava occlusion at different times before and during CO-REP. The load insensitive conductance catheter method was used to evaluate LV contractility, diastolic function and ventriculoarterial arterial coupling. Results: We found robust protection against necrosis in all IC treated dogs that was not abrogated by nerve ablation or ganglionic blockade; however, LV contractile functional status did not improve. Parameters of LV function were not markedly different between groups; however, statistical significance was observed during CO-REP between nIC and IC groups. These changes were similar regardless of the method used for cardiac decentralization. Conclusions: Diminished LV contractile function produced by CO-REP did not recover with IC pre-treatment; cardiac decentralization (surgical or pharmacologic) did not markedly affect outcomes.

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.

Hypertension and its comorbidity with anxiety disorders is a global concern even more prevalent in developing countries. There is limited data from low-income countries. Existing literature has consistently exhibited a positive association between hypertension and anxiety, although the directional dependency between the two conditions is difficult to be determined. Studies have suggested a reciprocal relationship between the two, with hypertension symptoms such as headaches, shortness of breath, fear of complications, and dizziness triggering feelings of anxiety. Similarly, the pre-existing presence of anxiety may induce temporary, yet dramatic spikes in blood pressure as well as long-term issues with hypertension. This paper provides a review of the widely investigated association between hypertension and anxiety and describes the impact that one condition has on the other in terms of psychological and physical functioning, and risk factors. Additionally, a discrepancy between prevalence, ability to control, and treatment between affluent and developing countries are discussed. The most common and effective pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments are presented and reviewed. Evidencebased interventions include mindfulness-based treatments such as MBSR and MBCT, ABBTs such as ACT, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and motivational interviewing. Suggestions for future treatment options and management of both conditions are presented, with an emphasis on populations in developing countries. To address discrepancies in access to resources, urbanization, and high illiteracy rates, a global risk approach is presented.

Literature does not report hemodynamic monitoring through the Swan-Ganz catheter as a dynamic variable to evaluate the response to volume. Furthermore, it does not compare it with a point-of-care echocardiogram as an alternative non-invasive monitoring method. Therefore, we present the case of a 64-year-old man admitted to the Intensive Care Unit in shock, clinically associated with sepsis with a source of infection at the pulmonary level. However, during his stay in the Unit, invasive monitoring was performed with a thermodilution catheter in the pulmonary artery, as well as an echocardiogram monitoring which showed the presence of severe myocardial dysfunction in a hyperdynamic state. Resuscitation was initiated by measuring cardiac output by thermodilution and ultrasonography. This dynamic helped to assess the volume responsiveness by raising the leg passively, which showed that the patient was non-responsive. Management was focused on serial monitoring and use of an inotropic drug, presenting a marked clinical improvement until the resolution of the pathological state and the subsequent release from intensive care due to the patient’s condition improves.

Introduction: The pharmaco-invasive therapy, refers to the technique whereby there is a time elapse of 3-24 hours between thrombolysis (pharmaco) and PCI (invasive) when using fibrin specific thrombolytic agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate 74 patients with STEMI over 5-year period who were treatment with pharmaco-invasive therapy in 3 PCI centers in Nigeria. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Three cardiac catheterization laboratories cases were searched. These cardiac catheterization laboratories included Bayelsa specialist Hospital, Yenagoa, Cardiocare Multispecialty Hospital, Abuja and Save a Life Mission Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers. These cases of pharmacoinvasive therapy from 1st of January 2018 to 28th February, 2023 were included. The data analysis was done with SPSS version Results: There were 74 patients who had STEMI and underwent pharmacoinvasive therapy for the period. There were 38 males. The mean age of STEMI for both men and women 62.5 ± 12.6.The drugs used were Streptokinase, Alteplase and Tenecteplase.