Genetically modified (GM) foods have revolutionized agricultural biotechnology since their debut in the mid-1990s, sparking debates about their safety, environmental impact, and potential to solve global food security issues. This review offers a comprehensive look at the global status of GM foods, covering their development, various genetic modifications, and adoption rates across different regions. It delves into the regulatory frameworks that govern GM foods in major markets, noting the variations in regulatory approaches and strictness. The review highlights the benefits of GM foods, such as higher agricultural productivity, better environmental sustainability, improved food security, and enhanced nutritional value. It also addresses the ongoing controversies and challenges, including safety concerns, environmental risks, ethical questions, and public perception issues. Looking ahead, the paper considers the future of GM foods, focusing on advancements in biotechnology, possible changes in policies and regulations, and how GM crops can be integrated into sustainable agriculture practices. By providing a balanced perspective, this review aims to guide stakeholders in making informed, evidence-based decisions about the role of GM foods in addressing global food challenges.

Background: The prevalence of low birth weight (LBW), according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is estimated to be 15%–20% of all births worldwide. Babies with LBW face a challenging and risky life trajectory, often experiencing growth and development disorders. Pregnant women with a history of anemia are considered a risk factor for LBW cases. This study aims to determine the risk factors for anemia in pregnant women and the incidence of LBW in the Maospati Community Health Center area. Methods: This observational analytic study employed a case-control design. The case population consisted of LBW infants, while the control population included non-LBW infants. The case sample comprised 25 LBW infants, and the control sample included 50 infants who were not LBW. The independent variable was the history of anemia in pregnant women, and the dependent variable was the incidence of LBW. Data were collected from medical records and labor recapitulation records from February 2023 to February 2024, using an observation sheet as the research instrument. Data analysis involved calculating the proportion of cases to exposure and determining the odds ratio. Results: The study found a significant association between a history of anemia in pregnant women and the incidence of LBW in their babies, with a p-value of 0.003. Pregnant women with anemia had a 4.571 times greater risk of giving birth to an LBW baby compared to those without anemia. Conclusions: The findings indicate that a history of anemia in pregnant women is a significant risk factor for LBW in newborns. Monitoring pregnancy and hemoglobin levels is essential to reduce the incidence of LBW in infants.

Background: Menopause signifies the end of menstruation and ovarian follicle activity in women. It is diagnosed after 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea without other causes. Typically occurring between 40 and 50 years, menopause often induces anxiety, especially among women with limited knowledge. To address this, the government promotes health counseling to improve women understanding and management of menopause. Methods: This study utilized a pre-experimental design involving 63 respondents fromGebyog Village, Magetan, Indonesia, selected by simple random sampling. The study examined two variables: the independent variable (counseling) and the dependent variable (anxiety level). Data was collected using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HARS) questionnaire, administered both before and after counseling sessions. Descriptive analysis was conducted using frequency distribution, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for inferential analysis. Results: The counseling intervention led to a significant reduction in anxiety levels among the participants. The Mann-Whitney U test results indicated a P value of 0.000, demonstrating a statistically significant effect of counseling on reducing anxiety levels (P = 0.000 < a = 0.05). Conclusion: Counseling effectively reduces anxiety in women facing menopause. It is recommended that health workers enhance their efforts in providing menopause-related counseling, particularly through village health posts like posbindu and poslansia, to support women during this transition.

Background: BPJS (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial or Social Health Insurance Administration Body) employment data for Meureubo District in 2023 shows that 85 work accident victims died or disappeared during inclement weather, and 18 out of 21 fishermen who had minor accidents required occupational health and safety insurance. However, out of over 500 fishermen in the district, only 176 are registered with BPJS Employment. This study aims to explore BPJS Employments strategy in ensuring occupational health and safety for non-wage workers in the fishing sector. Methods: The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, using observation and interviews for data collection. The study includes seven informants: four fishermen as main informants, and three key informants - the head of participation, a special account representative, and a case manager. Data analysis involves data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Results: BPJS Employments strategy includes urging agencies to protect fishermen rights, conducting promotive and preventive outreach, creating informational materials, engaging in regional empowerment, and employing a 3-4-5 strategy (three main strategies, four focuses, and five key elements). These efforts aim to increase awareness and participation among fishermen. Conclusion: BPJS Employment Meulaboh faces several obstacles, such as limited understanding of the program among local government and communities, low public awareness about the importance of social security, and irregular income among fishermen, hindering their ability to pay contributions. Consequently, the goal of ensuring occupational health and safety in the fishing sector remains unachieved, as many fishermen are not registered with BPJS Employment.

Background: The prevalence of anemia in adolescents in East Java in 2018 was 50-60%. Anemia can be caused by various factors, including iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, infectious diseases, congenital factors, and bleeding. The Indonesian government has intensified the anemia prevention and control program in adolescent girls and women of childbearing age by prioritizing the provision of iron tablets, one tablet per week, to reduce the prevalence of anemia in this group by 2025. In the millennial era, many adolescents and the community use WhatsApp as a means of communication. For promotional media, researchers chose WhatsApp media and it is hoped that health promotion efforts and the movement to drink TTD (iron supplement) together through WhatsApp media can increase the knowledge and compliance of rheumatology specialist doctors in consuming TTD. Method: This study is included in pre-experimental research using one group pretest and posttest by conducting a pretest before being given treatment and then conducting a posttest after being given treatment. The sample in this study was adolescent girls at Junior High School 1 Karangrejo Magetan Indonesia as many as 92 respondents. The independent variables are health promotion and the movement to drink TTD together through Whatsapp Group. The deeper variable in this study is knowledge about anemia. Results: The results showed a significant difference between knowledge about anemia and compliance in taking iron tablets before and after the intervention, with a p-value of 0.000 (= 0.05). This shows that health promotion and the movement to drink iron tablets together through WhatsApp Group are effective in increasing knowledge and compliance. Conclusion: Health promotion and the movement to drink blood tablets together through WhatsApp Group are effective in increasing knowledge and compliance and there is an increase in knowledge and compliance scores after health promotion.

Stunting is a serious health problem in Indonesia, affecting children growth and development and the future of the younger generation. This community service aims to accompany early childhood education program (ECEP)and Integrated Service Post in implementing Early Stimulation, Detection and Intervention for Growth and Development of Children (ESDIGDC) services as an effort to prevent stunting. This activity involves training and mentoring for ECEP teachers and Integrated Service Post toddler cadres, focusing on understanding stunting, growth measurement techniques and appropriate early stimulation. The results of this program show a significant increase in participants knowledge and skills regarding stunting and early detection. Parent participation in Integrated Service Post activities has also increased, with more children being checked regularly. In addition, several cases of stunting were detected early, allowing immediate intervention. The positive impact of this program is not only seen in stunting prevention, but also in increasing public awareness of the importance of monitoring children growth and development and strengthening collaboration between ECEP and Integrated Service Post. Overall, this assistance has proven to be effective as a stunting prevention service intervention. It is hoped that this program can be adopted in other regions as a model in efforts to reduce stunting rates nationally.