Not mandatory

Background: The increasing prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression poses a greater risk, potentially amplifying complications and intensifying challenges across various aspects of public health. This study aims to evaluate the existing levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in individuals while analyzing key associated factors. Methods: 3840 residents of Hanoi city were selected for interview. An online questionnaire concerning psychological parameters, including the Impact of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), was conducted. Statistical analyses were done using STATA version 15.0, with p-values under 0.05 considered significant. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress were 12.5%, 18.6%, and 10.6%, respectively. The rates of one symptom were 14.4%, two symptoms were 6.9%, and all three symptoms were 4.4%, respectively. There was a negative correlation with levels of depression, anxiety, and stress (adjOR (95%CI) =-0.2 (-0.22 - -0.17) – 0.12 (-0.15-0.09) – 0.09 (-0.13 - -0.06); p<0.01). Compared to men, women frequently experience higher levels of stress and anxiety. Married people experience lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression compared to single people, and people who live in rural areas experience lower levels of depression than people who live in urban areas (adjOR (95%CI) = -0.04 (-0.07--0.01); p<0.01). Conclusions: The study provides evidence that people experience mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, and stress in Vietnam. There is a need for timely response measures to improve peoples health and cope with different epidemic scenarios in the future.

Background: Nugget products enhanced with locust flour are being explored as a novel source of functional food due to their high protein content, which plays a vital role in maintaining human health. Locusts, commonly consumed in parts of Africa and Asia, offer a promising alternative protein source. This study investigated the consumer acceptability of nuggets formulated with grasshopper flour as a nutrient-dense, functional food option. Methods: A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed, and data were analyzed using the Friedman Test to assess differences among treatments. If significant differences (p < 0.05) were found, further analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon Test through SPSS version 20. Organoleptic evaluation was carried out by 30 semi-trained panelists. The nugget formulations tested were: P1 (100% tapioca flour, 0% grasshopper flour), P2 (95% tapioca flour, 5% grasshopper flour), and P3 (85% tapioca flour, 15% grasshopper flour). Results: Findings indicated that P1 (without grasshopper flour) received the highest scores in terms of color and aroma. For texture, both P1 and P2 (5% grasshopper flour) were equally preferred. In terms of taste, P1 remained the most favored. Conclusion: Overall, nuggets without any addition of grasshopper flour (P1) achieved the highest level of acceptability across all sensory attributes.

Background: Stunting is a persistent malnutrition issue caused by prolonged inadequate nutritional intake. The results of the preliminary study that was conducted found low stunting prevention behavior in infants aged 0-6 months in Jaddih Village. The objective of the research was to evaluate the efficiency of the Emo-Demo method in improve knowledge and skills in stunting prevention behavior. Methods: The research design was quasi-experimental. The independent variables was health education with the Emo-Demo method, and the dependent variables were knowledge, skills, and behavior. This study used questionnaires and statistical tests including the Wilcoxon test, paired sample t-test, independent t-test, Spearman Rank, and linear regression. Results: The Wilcoxon test obtained p=0.000<0.05, indicating a difference in knowledge before and after the Emo-Demo intervention. The paired sample t-test obtained p=0.000<0.05, indicating a difference in knowledge before and after the lecture intervention. A p-value of 0.000<0.05 was found, indicating a difference in skills before and after the Emo-Demo intervention. However, p = 0.083 > 0.05 indicated no significant difference in skills before and after the lecture intervention. The independent t-test showed significant differences in knowledge (p = 0.022) and skills (p = 0.021) between treatment and control groups. Spearman Rank analysis revealed significant correlations between knowledge and behavior (p = 0.047, r = 0.354), and between skills and behavior (p = 0.004, r = 0.494). Combined, knowledge and skills significantly influenced behavior (p = 0.046). Conclusion: The Emo Demo method is effective and efficient in increasing knowledge, skills and behavior related to stunting prevention care. Health workers and service facility staff are expected to help reduce stunting prevalence by promoting maternal preventive behaviors for infants aged 0-6 months through health education using the Emo-Demo method.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obesity are prevalent conditions that independently impair fertility and increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. When coexisting, they present compounded challenges for conception and pregnancy management. We report a case of a 27-year-old primigravida with PCOS and class II obesity who achieved spontaneous conception after three years of infertility and multiple failed assisted reproductive attempts. Preconception lifestyle modifications and medical management improved insulin sensitivity and restored ovulatory function. Despite being categorized as a high-risk pregnancy, the antenatal course was unremarkable, with appropriate fetal growth and no major maternal or neonatal complications. Vaginal delivery occurred at term, resulting in a healthy newborn. This case highlights the potential for favorable reproductive and obstetric outcomes in women with PCOS and obesity through early diagnosis, lifestyle intervention, and meticulous prenatal care. It underscores the importance of individualized and multidisciplinary management strategies in optimizing maternal and fetal health. Spontaneous conception and favorable pregnancy outcomes are achievable in women with PCOS and obesity through comprehensive care. Early intervention and tailored monitoring play a crucial role in mitigating risks associated with these conditions.

Village resilience is an important foundation in community-based disaster risk reduction efforts. This policy brief is prepared based on recommendations from the results of village resilience assessment research. The research as the basis for the policy brief was conducted in 30 Disaster Resilient Villages in Magetan Regency using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, which emphasizes active community involvement in the assessment process. The assessment was carried out by filling out a questionnaire from the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) containing 128 questions and covering five main aspects: basic services, regulations and policies, prevention and mitigation, emergency preparedness, and post-disaster recovery. The questionnaire was filled out through interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). The results showed that only around 20% of villages achieved the Main Disaster Resilient Village category. This shows the need for an increase in overall efforts made by the disaster resilient village forum together with the village government. Two main recommendations are proposed. First, strengthening the capacity of the Disaster Resilient Village Forum as the driving force for disaster risk management activities at the village level. This forum needs to be supported through training, facilitation, and strengthening its role in program planning and implementation. Second, the allocation of village funds needs to be increased by around 5–8% to fund activities such as disaster-resistant infrastructure development, disaster mitigation, capacity training, emergency response simulations, procurement of facilities and infrastructure, emergency response funds, and post-disaster recovery. The success of both recommendations is highly dependent on collaboration between local and village governments. Local governments need to support with clear regulations, technical assistance, and adequate budgets. Meanwhile, village governments need to include disaster risk reduction in development plans. This synergy will accelerate the realization of disaster-resilient villages.